ham
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ham"
English
A baked ham (cured thigh of hog)
Etymology 1
From Middle English hamme, from Old English hamm (“inner or hind part of the knee, ham”), from Proto-Germanic *hamō, *hammō, *hanmō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”).
Cognate with Dutch ham (“ham”), dialectal German Hamme (“hind part of the knee, ham”), dialectal Swedish ham (“the hind part of the knee”), Icelandic höm (“the ham or haunch of a horse”), Old Irish cnáim (“bone”), Ancient Greek κνήμη (knḗmē, “shinbone”). Compare gammon.
Pronunciation
- enPR: hăm, IPA(key): /ˈhæm/
- (Southern England, General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈhæːm/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -æm
Noun
ham (countable and uncountable, plural hams)
- (anatomy) The region back of the knee joint; the popliteal space; the hock.
- (countable) A thigh and buttock of an animal slaughtered for meat.
- (uncountable) Meat from the thigh of a hog cured for food.
- a little piece of ham for the cat
- 2012, Audra Lilly Griffeth, A King's Daughter, →ISBN:
- She put some ham in the beans and cut up some sweet potatoes to boil.
- The back of the thigh.
- (Internet, informal, uncommon) Electronic mail that is wanted; mail that is not spam or junk mail.
- Synonym: ham e-mail
- Antonym: spam
Derived terms
- Admiralty ham
- Bayonne ham
- Black Forest ham
- butter-ham
- Christmas ham
- country ham
- deviled ham
- devilled ham
- dressmaker's ham
- Gourock ham
- ham and beef shop
- ham-and-egger
- ham and eggs
- hambone
- ham chin peng
- ham e-mail
- ham-fisted
- ham-fistedly
- ham-handed
- ham-handedly
- ham-handedness
- ham hands
- ham hock
- hammy, hamstring
- hamplanet
- ham salad
- ham-sandwich
- ham sandwich
- ham sandwich theorem
- ham shank
- ham steak
- ham up
- Jinhua ham
- Limerick ham
- mutton ham
- Parma ham
- pressed ham
- Smithfield ham
- Spam
- Spanish ham
- stuffed ham
- tailor's ham
- Taylor ham
- turkey ham
- Westphalian ham
- York ham
Translations
region back of the knee joint
|
thigh and buttock of any animal slaughtered for meat
|
thigh of a hog cured for food
|
back of the thigh
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Etymology 2
From Old English hām.
Usage notes
- Persists in many old place names, such as Buckingham.
References
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “ham”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Etymology 3
Uncertain, though it is generally agreed upon that it first appeared in print around the 1880s. At least four theories persist:
- It came naturally from the word amateur. Deemed likely by Hendrickson (1997), but then the question would be why it took so long to pop up. He rejects the folk etymology of Cockney slang hamateur because it originated in American English.[1]
- From the play Hamlet, where the title character was often played poorly and/or in an exaggerated manner. Also deemed likely by Hendrickson, though he raises the issue that the term would have likely been around earlier if this were case.
- From the minstrel's practice of using ham fat to remove heavy black makeup used during performances.[2]
- Shortened from hamfatter (“inferior actor”), said to derive from the 1863 minstrel show song The Ham-fat Man.[3] William and Mary Morris (1988) argue that it's not known whether the song inspired the term or the term inspired the song, but that they believe the latter is the case.
Noun
ham (plural hams)
- (acting) An overacting or amateurish performer; an actor with an especially showy or exaggerated style.
- 2023 June 13, Dwight Garner, quoting James Wood, “Cormac McCarthy, Novelist of a Darker America, Is Dead at 89”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
- Writing in The New Yorker in 2005, James Wood praised Mr. McCarthy as “a colossally gifted writer” and “one of the great hams of American prose, who delights in producing a histrionic rhetoric that brilliantly ventriloquizes the King James Bible, Shakespearean and Jacobean tragedy, Melville, Conrad, and Faulkner.”
- (radio) An amateur radio operator.
- Synonym: radio amateur
Derived terms
Translations
actor with an exaggerating style
|
ham radio operator
|
Verb
ham (third-person singular simple present hams, present participle hamming, simple past and past participle hammed)
- (acting) To overact; to act with exaggerated emotions.
Synonyms
Translations
overact
|
See also
References
- Hendrickson, Robert (1997) The Facts on File encyclopedia of word and phrase origins, New York: Facts on File, →ISBN
- Morris, William (1988) Morris dictionary of word and phrase origins, New York: Harper & Row, →ISBN
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “ham”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch ham, from Middle Dutch hamme, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *hammō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɦam/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: ham
Audio (file)
Caribbean Hindustani
Catalan
Derived terms
Further reading
- “ham” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Cebuano
Etymology
From English ham, from Middle English hamme, from Old English hamm (“inner or hind part of the knee, ham”), from Proto-Germanic *hamō, *hammō, *hanmō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”).
Chamorro
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami. Cognates include Indonesian kami and Tagalog kami.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hæm/
Usage notes
- ham is used either as a subject of an intransitive verb or as an object of a transitive verb, while in is used as a subject of a transitive verb.
- I lahi ha sangani ham. ― The man told us.
- In transitive clauses with an indefinite object, ham can be used as a subject.
See also
Chamorro personal pronouns
| hu-type pronouns | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
| 1st person | hu | ta | in |
| 2nd person | un | en | |
| 3rd person | ha | ma | |
| yoʼ-type pronouns | |||
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
| 1st person | yoʼ | hit | ham |
| 2nd person | hao | hamyo | |
| 3rd person | gueʼ | siha | |
| emphatic pronouns | |||
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
| 1st person | guahu | hita | hami |
| 2nd person | hagu | hamyo | |
| 3rd person | guiya | siha | |
Chinese
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Verb
ham
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang, euphemistic) to die
- 2016 August 22, 郭富城 [Aaron Kwok], quotee, “隨時有驚喜！郭富城爆智能舞台未玩盡”, in 東網 [on.cc]:
- 再過26周年，好話唔好聽，可能我都『ham』咗，呢幾年好多重要嘅人或者演唱會嘅朋友離開咗，我仲可以企喺台度同大家表演，係值得嘅。 [Cantonese, trad.]
- zoi3 gwo3 26 zau1 nin4, hou2 waa6 m4 hou2 teng1, ho2 nang4 ngo5 dou1 ‘hem1’ zo2, ni1 gei2 nin4 hou2 do1 zung6 jiu3 ge3 jan4 waak6 ze2 jin2 coeng3 wui6-2 ge3 pang4 jau5 lei4 hoi1 zo2, ngo5 zung6 ho2 ji5 kei5 hai2 toi4 dou6 tung4 daai6 gaa1 biu2 jin2, hai6 zik6 dak1 ge3. [Jyutping]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
再过26周年，好话唔好听，可能我都『ham』咗，呢几年好多重要嘅人或者演唱会嘅朋友离开咗，我仲可以企喺台度同大家表演，系值得嘅。 [Cantonese, simp.]
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 死 (“to die”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 死, 亡, 歿, 卒 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 死, 死亡, 亡故, 喪生, 喪命, 去世 †, 過世 †, 逝世 †, 離世 †, 下世 †, 不在 †, 過去 †, 仙逝 †, 歸天 †, 歸西 †, 升天 †, 作古 †, 長眠 †, 閉眼 †, 故去 †, ‡, 故世 †, ‡, 一命嗚呼 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 死, 故去 †, 老 †, ‡, 踹腿 ¤, 踹腿兒 ¤, 踹 ¤, 回姥姥家 ¤, 毛兒提 Hui |
| Taiwan | 死, 過世 † | |
| Harbin | 死, 老 †, ‡, 伸腿兒 ¤, 伸腿 ¤, 蹬腿兒 ¤, 奔兒咕 ¤, 桿兒屁 §, 桿兒細 §, 吹燈拔蠟 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 死, 老 †, ‡, 上西天 § | |
| Jinan | 死, 歿, 過去 †, 老 †, ‡, 不在 †, ‡, 王八 §, 完蛋, 完錢, 完活, 無常 Hui, 歸主 Hui, 歸真 Hui | |
| Luoyang | 死, 過去, 過世, 下世, 亡故, 不在, 升天, 去世 †, 老 †, ‡, 擱那兒 ¤ | |
| Wanrong | 死, 歿, 老 †, ‡ | |
| Xi'an | 死, 不在 †, 老 †, ‡, 無常 Hui | |
| Yinchuan | 死, 走 †, 歿 Hui, 歸真 Hui, 冒提 Hui, 口喚 Hui, 無常 Hui, 完 Hui | |
| Lanzhou | 死, 過世 †, 緩下 †, 躺下 † | |
| Xining | 歿 | |
| Ürümqi | 死, 過世 †, 不在 † | |
| Wuhan | 死, 過身 †, 去 †, 老 †, ‡, 去回 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤, 翹 ¤, 瓜碼子 ¤, 瓜 ¤, 西皮 | |
| Chengdu | 死, 過去 †, 不在 †, 去 †, 過世 †, 老 †, ‡, 撬桿兒 §, 撬桿 §, 翹辮子 §, 見馬克思, 歸天, 去陰國, 爬高煙囪, 落氣, 冰凊, 沒脈 | |
| Guiyang | 死, 過世 †, 成神 †, ‡, 百年歸天 †, ‡, 嗚呼 ¤ | |
| Liuzhou | 死, 沒得脈, 過世 †, 過身 †, 沒在 †, 哦嚄 | |
| Yangzhou | 死, 不在 †, 走 †, 家去吃去 ¤, 家去 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤, 翹 ¤, 駝條 § | |
| Nanjing | 死, 過世 †, 歸天 †, ‡, 不在 †, 嗝兒得 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤ | |
| Hefei | 死, 不在 †, 老 † | |
| Singapore | 死, 死掉, 死翹翹, 過世 †, 去世 †, 上天堂 †, 賣鹹鴨蛋 † | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過世 †, 老 †, ‡, 百年歸老 †, ‡, 去別有天 †, ¤, 去大煙筒 †, ¤, 瓜 ¤, 瓜老襯 ¤, 收檔 ¤, 攞竇 ¤, 進竇 §, 瓜竇, 直, 瓜直, 死直, 攤直, 雙腳撐直, 伸直腳, 拉柴, 瓜柴, 褸席, 歸西, 歸天, 食黃泥, 入黃泥窿, 入窿, 玩完, 嫌米貴, 瞇埋眼, 一 argot |
| Hong Kong | 死, 過身 †, 走 †, 香 †, 去 †, 唔喺度 †, 百年歸老 †, 賣鹹鴨蛋 †, 兩腳一伸 †, 仙遊 †, 拜拜 †, 去閻羅王處報到 †, 瓜 ¤, 瓜老襯 ¤, 拉柴, 瓜柴, 釘蓋, 釘, 直, 歸西, 玩完, ham | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 過身 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 過身 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 過身, 死 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 過身 | |
| Macau | 過身, 去 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 過身, 死 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 死 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 過身, 死 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 去歸, 過身 | |
| Foshan | 過身, 死 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 死, 過身 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 過身 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 過身 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 死 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 過身 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 死 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 過身, 死 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 死, 過身 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 過身, 死 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 死, 過身 | |
| Taishan | 死, 善, 去 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 死, 登仙 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 過身, 死 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 死 | |
| Dongguan | 死, 老 †, 去返 †, 去舊時嗰處 †, 視埋眼 †, 伸直腳 †, 入罌 †, 拉柴 §, 去大煙筒 § | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 死, 過身 | |
| Yangjiang | 死, 過輩 †, 老 †, ‡, 老大 †, ‡ | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 死, 過身 † | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 死, 過世 †, 老 † |
| Lichuan | 死 | |
| Pingxiang | 死, 過 †, 走路 †, 老 †, ‡, 去 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 死, 老, 過身 †, 消 †, 老壽 †, ‡ |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 過身, 香 † | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 過身, 死 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 死, 過身 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 死 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 死, 過身 | |
| Yudu | 死, 過世 †, 過套 †, 過身 †, 轉去 †, 轉該背 †, 歸仙 †, 轉老外婆裡 ¤ | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 死, 過身 †, 往生 † | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 死, 過身 † | |
| Hong Kong | 過身, 老 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 過身 †, 不在 †, 過老 §, 過邊 §, 進棺材 §, 進風水 §, 翹扁 §, ¤ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 死, 沒啦 †, 走 †, 過去 †, 老 †, ‡, 老客 †, ‡ |
| Xinzhou | 死, 回老家 †, 硬 §, 㞗朝天 of a man, vulgar, 倒蕎麥皮 | |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 死, 過身 †, 老 †, ‡ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 死, 過去 †, 過世 †, 過後 †, 歸西 †, 百歲 †, 老去 †, ‡, 堯街去 ¤, 堯生去 ¤, 溜翹 ¤, 殂 ¤, 去算米數 ¤, 去外媽食齋 ¤, 去外媽 ¤, 去䁐廬山 ¤, 去厝去 ¤, 睏長暝眠 ¤, 翹齋 ¤, 揭兜去 ¤, 拔直去 ¤, 上天去 ¤, 生去 ¤, 𣪟去 ¤, 䁐松柏樹 ¤, 䁐松柏 ¤, 轉祖 § |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 百歲年老 †, 行去 †, 無去 †, 㾀 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 蟯 ¤, 蟯歹 ¤, 蟯癱 ¤, 行雞 ¤, 馬滴 § |
| Quanzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 無去 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 行雞 ¤, 馬滴 § | |
| Zhangzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 百歲年老 †, 行去 †, 無去 †, 起身 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 蟯 ¤, 蟯歹 ¤, 蟯癱 ¤, 行雞 ¤, 誆牽 §, 㾀 §, 㾀歹 §, 馬滴 § | |
| Taipei | 死去, 老 †, 過身 † | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 死去, 老去 †, 往生 †, 過身 † | |
| Kaohsiung | 死去, 老去 †, 行去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † | |
| Yilan | 死去, 老去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 過往 † | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 死去, 老 †, 無去 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † | |
| Taichung | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 † | |
| Tainan | 死去, 老去 †, 行去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † | |
| Hsinchu | 曲去, 去咯 †, 往生 †, 過身 †, 老去 † | |
| Kinmen | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 †, 行去 † | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 †, 老去 † | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 死, 馬滴, 死翹翹, 過身 †, 百年 †, 百歲 †, 過氣 †, 起車 †, 老去 †, 老咯 †, 行去 †, 蟯去 †, 吭跤翹 †, 交登記 † | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 死, 死去, 過面 †, 過身 † | |
| Chaozhou | 死, 過身 †, 過世 † | |
| Jieyang | 過身, 吭跤翹, 吭翹 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 死, 過身 | |
| Leizhou | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 過目焗 ¤, 直筒 §, 刮薯減米 § | |
| Haikou | 死, 過層 †, ‡, 老 †, ‡, 貓使 § | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 死 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 死 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 死, 瓜老襯, 過世, 歸西 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 死, 故 †, 過世 †, 嘸沒 †, 一腳去 †, 翹辮子 §, ¤, 彈老三 §, 翹老三 § |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 死, 老 †, 故 †, 翹辮子 ¤ | |
| Suzhou | 死, 壞, 去, 過世 †, 翹辮子 § | |
| Danyang | 死 | |
| Hangzhou | 死, 故 †, 過世 †, 翹辮兒 ¤, 到龍駒塢去 | |
| Ningbo | 死, 翹辮子 §, 過世 †, 嘸沒 †, 死脫 §, 燂茶, 山裡去, 吃豆腐羹, 嘸沒來的 †, 老 † | |
| Wenzhou | 死, 冇 †, 過輩 †, ‡, 蹻 ¤ | |
| Jinhua | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 弗在 †, 老 †, ‡ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 死, 過 †, 去 †, 瓜, 彈, 彈四郎 |
| Loudi | 死, 過世 †, 故 †, 上岸 † | |
| Shuangfeng | 死, 過世 †, 故 † | |
| Note | † - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful | |
Danish
Etymology 1
From Old Norse hamr, Proto-Germanic *hamaz, *hamô.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑmˀ/, [ˈhɑ̈mˀ]
Declension
Derived terms
- dyreham
- fjederham
- fugleham
- hamskifte, hamskifter
- slangeham
- snogeham
- svaneham
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑm/, [hɑ̈m]
See also
Danish personal pronouns
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| common | neuter | plural | |||||
| Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
| Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
| formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
| Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
| feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
| common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
| neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
| reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
| Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
| archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
| Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
| Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
| reflexive | – | sig | |||||
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch hamme, from Old Dutch *hama, from Proto-Germanic *hammō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɦɑm/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: ham
- Rhymes: -ɑm
- Homophone: Ham
Derived terms
- beenham
- schouderham
- hamvraag
Descendants
- → Papiamentu: ham
Fiji Hindi
Fyer
References
- Roger Blench, Ron Comparative Wordlist
- Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
- […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
- (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Ron *ham [GT]: Fyer & Bks. & DB & Sha ham, Klr. ˀaàm […]
- Václav Blažek, A Lexicostatistical comparison of Omotic languages, in In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory: Essays in the four fields of anthropology, page 122
Galician
German
Etymology
A pronunciation spelling of haben.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ham/
Usage notes
Usually used in the present or to form the perfect, though it may be seen in the infinitive as well. See also the note at haben.
Laz
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English ham, hamm (“enclosure”), from Proto-West Germanic *hamm, from Proto-Germanic *hammaz.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ham/
References
- “hamme, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-04-04.
Etymology 4
From Old English heom
Pronoun
ham
- (Early Middle English) Alternative form of him (“him”)
- c1225, Þe Liflade ant te Passiun of Seinte Iuliene, ed. S. T. R. O. d'Ardenne, pp. 3-71.
- [Juliana] custe ham coss os peis [Roy: acos of pes] alle as ha stoden.
- c1225, Þe Liflade ant te Passiun of Seinte Iuliene, ed. S. T. R. O. d'Ardenne, pp. 3-71.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑːm/
Montol
References
- Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
- […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
- (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Tal hàm [Jng./JI], Mnt. hàm "Wasser" [Jng. 1965, 171], […]
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑm/
See also
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| feminine | masculine | neuter | plural | |||||
| Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
| Second | general | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine | |
| formal (rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
| Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | ||||
| masculine (person) | han | ham / han | hans | |||||
| feminine (noun) | den | dens | ||||||
| masculine (noun) | ||||||||
| neuter (noun) | det | dets | ||||||
| reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
| Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vårt | våre | |
| Second | general | dere | deres | |||||
| formal (very rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
| Third | general | de | dem | deres | ||||
| reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑːm/
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑːm/
References
- “ham” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *haim, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xɑːm/, [hɑːm]
Noun
hām m
- home
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of St. John the Apostle"
- Ða het se apostol ða bære settan, and cwæð, "Min Drihten, Hælend Crist! Arære ðe, Drusiana; aris, and ġecyrr hām, and gearca ús gereordunge on þinum hūse." Drusiana þa arás swilce of slæpe awreht, and, carfull be ðæs apostoles hæse, hām gewende.
- Then the apostle bade them set down the bier, and said, "My Lord, Jesus Christ! Raise thee, Drusiana; arise, and return home, and prepare refection for us in thy house." Drusiana then arose as if from sleep awakened, and, mindful of the apostle's command, returned home.
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of St. John the Apostle"
- property, estate, farm
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
- ...and forġeaf sumne hām tō þǣre hālgan stōwe...
- ...and gave certain property to the holy place...
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
- village; community
Usage notes
- In early Old English, the dative singular was always hām, not the expected form hāme.
Declension
Derived terms
Adverb
hām
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *hammaz. Cognate with Old Frisian ham, Middle Low German hamme (Low Low German Hamm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xɑm/, [hɑm]
Etymology 3
From Proto-Germanic *hammō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xɑm/, [hɑm]
Etymology 4
From Proto-West Germanic *ham, from Proto-Germanic *hamaz (“covering”). Cognate with Old Norse hamr.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xɑm/, [hɑm]
Declension
Related terms
Old French
Old Frisian
Ēn hām.
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *haim. Cognates include Old English hām and Old Saxon hēm.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhaːm/
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28
Old Norse
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ham/
- Rhymes: -am
Declension
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Onomatopoeic.
See also
Ron
Synonyms
- àyîn (Monguna)
References
- Roger Blench, Ron Comparative Wordlist
- Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
- […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
- (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Ron *ham [GT]: Fyer & Bks. & DB & Sha ham, Klr. ˀaàm […]
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
Sha
References
- Roger Blench, Ron Comparative Wordlist
Tal
References
- Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201, →ISBN:
- […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
- (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Tal hàm [Jng./JI], Mnt. hàm "Wasser" [Jng. 1965, 171], […]
Tambas
References
- Roger Blench, Ron Comparative Wordlist
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑm/
Audio (file)
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [haːm˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [haːm˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [haːm˧˧]
See also
West Frisian
Etymology
Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hammō. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Further reading
- “ham (II)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Yola
Pronoun
ham
- Alternative form of him
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Ich drowe ham.
- I throw him.
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 36
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