卒
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
卒 (Kangxi radical 24, 十+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人人十 (YOOJ), four-corner 00408, composition ⿱𠅃十)
Derived characters
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 156, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2740
- Dae Jaweon: page 356, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 63, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5352
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
卒 | |
---|---|---|
2nd round simp. | 卆 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 卒 | |||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (卒) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
晬 | *ʔsuːds |
祽 | *ʔsuːds |
綷 | *ʔsuːds |
淬 | *sʰuːds |
啐 | *sʰuːds, *suːds, *sʰroːds, *ʔsud |
倅 | *sʰuːds, *ʔsuːd |
焠 | *sʰuːds |
碎 | *suːds |
誶 | *suːds, *suds, *zud |
濢 | *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds |
噿 | *ʔslulʔ |
臎 | *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds |
醉 | *ʔsuds |
翠 | *sʰuds |
悴 | *zuds |
萃 | *zuds |
瘁 | *zuds |
顇 | *zuds |
粹 | *suds |
睟 | *suds |
賥 | *suds |
卒 | *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud |
稡 | *ʔsuːd |
猝 | *sʰuːd |
椊 | *zuːd |
捽 | *zuːd, *zud |
崪 | *zuːd |
窣 | *suːd |
崒 | *zud |
踤 | *zud |
錊 | *ʔsuːɡ |
There were 5 forms of 卒 in Shang oracle bone script (Qiu, 1990; Xuan, 2012):
: same as 衣 (“clothes”) (> Western Zhou bronze script
);
: a crisscross 衣 - a completed clothing;
(卒): ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 衣 (“clothes”) with a mark - a completed clothing to be folded (> Warring States bronze script
; Chu slip and silk script
);
(𧙻): phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声) : 衣 (“clothes”) + 聿 (OC *b·lud) (hand (又) holding a brush);
,
: 𧙻 having 又 omitted.
The brush shape in form (5) was often placed upside down. Later the inverted brush shape was mistaken as 又 and then moved to the top as in Chu slip and silk script (𰠄) to avoid obscuration with 袁 (衣 + 又) (Xuan, 2012).
Etymology 1
From 遭 (OC *ʔsluː, “to meet”) + nominal suffix *-t (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 卒子 (“xiangqi black pawn”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 卒子 | |
Mandarin | Harbin | 卒兒 |
Yantai (Muping) | 小卒兒, 卒 | |
Jinan | 小卒兒 | |
Luoyang | 卒子, 小卒 | |
Xi'an | 卒子, 卒, 小卒 | |
Yinchuan | 卒 | |
Lanzhou | 卒子, 卒 | |
Xining | 卒, 卒子, 尕卒兒 | |
Ürümqi | 卒兒, 卒子, 卒娃子 | |
Wuhan | 卒子, 卒 | |
Guiyang | 卒子, 卒, 小卒子, 小卒 | |
Liuzhou | 卒崽, 卒 | |
Xuzhou | 小卒, 小卒子, 小卒兒, 卒頭子 | |
Yangzhou | 卒子, 小卒子 | |
Nanjing | 小卒, 卒子 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 卒 |
Dongguan | 卒 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 卒子, 卒 |
Lichuan | 卒 | |
Pingxiang | 卒仔, 卒 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 卒 |
Yudu | 卒子, 卒 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 卒 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 卒子 |
Xinzhou | 卒子, 黑卒子 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 卒仔 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 卒, 卒囝 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 卒仔, 卒 |
Quanzhou | 卒仔, 卒 | |
Zhangzhou | 卒仔, 卒 | |
Tainan | 卒仔 | |
Leizhou | 卒囝 | |
Haikou | 卒 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 卒崽, 卒 |
Wu | Shanghai | 卒 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 卒 | |
Suzhou | 卒 | |
Danyang | 卒, 卒卒 | |
Hangzhou | 卒卒兒 | |
Ningbo | 卒格, 卒格爛眼 | |
Wenzhou | 卒兒, 爛頭卒 | |
Jinhua | 卒 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 卒子, 卒 |
Loudi | 卒子, 卒 |
Coordinate terms
Compounds
- 一兵一卒
- 丟卒保車/丢卒保车 (diūzúbǎojū)
- 傔卒
- 傲卒多敗/傲卒多败
- 兵卒 (bīngzú)
- 勇夫悍卒
- 卒乘
- 卒仔
- 卒伍
- 卒子 (zúzi)
- 句卒
- 士卒 (shìzú)
- 宿將舊卒/宿将旧卒
- 小卒 (xiǎozú)
- 復卒/复卒
- 戍卒 (shùzú)
- 暴卒 (bàozú)
- 步卒 (bùzú)
- 烏合之卒/乌合之卒
- 無名小卒/无名小卒 (wúmíng xiǎozú)
- 獄卒/狱卒 (yùzú)
- 瓦合之卒
- 甲卒
- 禁卒
- 街卒
- 販夫走卒/贩夫走卒 (fànfūzǒuzú)
- 走卒 (zǒuzú)
- 身先士卒 (shēnxiānshìzú)
- 躬先士卒
- 輕卒銳兵/轻卒锐兵
- 過河卒子/过河卒子
- 邏卒/逻卒
- 部卒
- 集兵練卒/集兵练卒 (jí bīng liàn zú)
- 馬前卒/马前卒 (mǎqiánzú)
- 騶卒/驺卒
- 鬼卒
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from ST *(t/d)u-n/t? Related to 瘁/悴, 酋, 傮, 造, 秋?”)
Pronunciation
Definitions
卒
Compounds
Pronunciation
Pronunciation
References
- “卒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00437
Japanese
Readings
- Go-on: そち (sochi); しゅち (shuchi)
- Kan-on: そつ (sotsu, Jōyō); しゅつ (shutsu)
- Kun: にわかに (niwakani, 卒かに)←にはかに (nifakani, 卒かに, historical); おわる (owaru, 卒わる)←をはる (wofaru, 卒はる, historical); おえる (oeru, 卒える)←をへる (woferu, 卒へる, historical); ついに (tsuini, 卒に)←つひに (tufini, 卒に, historical)
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 卒 (MC tswot, “soldier”).
Historical readings |
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|
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [졸]
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 卒 (MC tswit, “finish”).
Historical readings |
---|
|
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [졸]
Hanja
Compounds
Vietnamese
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