este

See also: -este, Este, éste, ėste, ešte, esté, and -ește

English

Noun

este (usually uncountable, plural estes)

  1. Alternative form of est

Anagrams

Aragonese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin iste (“that”). Cognate to Spanish este (“this”).

Determiner

este

  1. this

Asturian

Etymology

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”).

Noun

este m (plural estes)

  1. east

Catalan

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin iste. Cf. Spanish este.

Pronunciation

Determiner

este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)

  1. (Valencia) this

Pronoun

este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)

  1. (Valencia) this (one), (in the plural) these (ones)

See also
Catalan demonstratives
Grade determiner pronoun locative
1st near aquest, este1 açò2, ço1 ací1
2nd neutral aqueix1, eixe1 això aquí, ahí2
3rd remote aquell allò allà, allí
1) Dialectal, archaic in other dialects
2) Valencian

Corsican
L'este.

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from French est. Cognates include Italian est and Spanish este.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɛste/
  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Noun

este m (uncountable)

  1. east

References
  • “este, est” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

Creek

Pronunciation
  • (Oklahoma) IPA(key): [ɪ́stɪ]
  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Noun

este

  1. person

Pronoun

este

  1. someone, one

References
  • J. B. Martin, M. McKane Mauldrin (2004) A dictionary of Creek/Muscogee, University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 33
  • J. B. Martin (2011) A grammar of Creek (Muscogee), University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 30

Elfdalian

Noun

este

  1. indefinite dative singular of est

Finnish

Etymology

estää (“to prevent, obstruct”) +‎ -e

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈesteˣ/, [ˈe̞s̠te̞(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -este
  • Syllabification(key): es‧te

Noun

este

  1. obstacle, barrier, hindrance, obstruction, impediment
    avioliiton este ― impediment to marriage
  2. (law) impediment, bar, excuse
    pätevä este ― valid impediment
  3. (athletics) hurdle

Declension
Inflection of este (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative este esteet
genitive esteen esteiden
esteitten
partitive estettä esteitä
illative esteeseen esteisiin
esteihin
singular plural
nominative este esteet
accusative nom. este esteet
gen. esteen
genitive esteen esteiden
esteitten
partitive estettä esteitä
inessive esteessä esteissä
elative esteestä esteistä
illative esteeseen esteisiin
esteihin
adessive esteellä esteillä
ablative esteeltä esteiltä
allative esteelle esteille
essive esteenä esteinä
translative esteeksi esteiksi
abessive esteettä esteittä
instructive — estein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of este (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative esteeni esteeni
accusative nom. esteeni esteeni
gen. esteeni
genitive esteeni esteideni
esteitteni
partitive estettäni esteitäni
inessive esteessäni esteissäni
elative esteestäni esteistäni
illative esteeseeni esteisiini
esteihini
adessive esteelläni esteilläni
ablative esteeltäni esteiltäni
allative esteelleni esteilleni
essive esteenäni esteinäni
translative esteekseni esteikseni
abessive esteettäni esteittäni
instructive — —
comitative — esteineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative esteesi esteesi
accusative nom. esteesi esteesi
gen. esteesi
genitive esteesi esteidesi
esteittesi
partitive estettäsi esteitäsi
inessive esteessäsi esteissäsi
elative esteestäsi esteistäsi
illative esteeseesi esteisiisi
esteihisi
adessive esteelläsi esteilläsi
ablative esteeltäsi esteiltäsi
allative esteellesi esteillesi
essive esteenäsi esteinäsi
translative esteeksesi esteiksesi
abessive esteettäsi esteittäsi
instructive — —
comitative — esteinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative esteemme esteemme
accusative nom. esteemme esteemme
gen. esteemme
genitive esteemme esteidemme
esteittemme
partitive estettämme esteitämme
inessive esteessämme esteissämme
elative esteestämme esteistämme
illative esteeseemme esteisiimme
esteihimme
adessive esteellämme esteillämme
ablative esteeltämme esteiltämme
allative esteellemme esteillemme
essive esteenämme esteinämme
translative esteeksemme esteiksemme
abessive esteettämme esteittämme
instructive — —
comitative — esteinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative esteenne esteenne
accusative nom. esteenne esteenne
gen. esteenne
genitive esteenne esteidenne
esteittenne
partitive estettänne esteitänne
inessive esteessänne esteissänne
elative esteestänne esteistänne
illative esteeseenne esteisiinne
esteihinne
adessive esteellänne esteillänne
ablative esteeltänne esteiltänne
allative esteellenne esteillenne
essive esteenänne esteinänne
translative esteeksenne esteiksenne
abessive esteettänne esteittänne
instructive — —
comitative — esteinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative esteensä esteensä
accusative nom. esteensä esteensä
gen. esteensä
genitive esteensä esteidensä
esteittensä
partitive estettään
estettänsä		 esteitään
esteitänsä
inessive esteessään
esteessänsä		 esteissään
esteissänsä
elative esteestään
esteestänsä		 esteistään
esteistänsä
illative esteeseensä esteisiinsä
esteihinsä
adessive esteellään
esteellänsä		 esteillään
esteillänsä
ablative esteeltään
esteeltänsä		 esteiltään
esteiltänsä
allative esteelleen
esteellensä		 esteilleen
esteillensä
essive esteenään
esteenänsä		 esteinään
esteinänsä
translative esteekseen
esteeksensä		 esteikseen
esteiksensä
abessive esteettään
esteettänsä		 esteittään
esteittänsä
instructive — —
comitative — esteineen
esteinensä

Derived terms
adjectives
compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese este, from Latin iste.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈestɪ]

Determiner

este m (feminine singular esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto)

  1. this
    Este libro é meu ― This book is mine

References
  • “este” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “este” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “este” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Further reading

Hungarian

Alternative forms
  • estve (folksy, archaic)

Etymology

The adverb sense is from the former est (“evening”) +‎ -vel (“with”) (a derivation similar to reggel or tavasszal). First the final -l wore off and the adverb estve (“in the evening”) was used for a long time[1] (still in use today in dialects), later the -v was dropped. The noun sense became independent from the compound word napeste (“the fall of the sun”). The noun est is from the es- stem of the verb esik (“to fall”) +‎ -t (noun-forming suffix). The es- stem is from Proto-Uralic *ećɜ- (“to fall”).[2][3]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈɛʃtɛ]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: es‧te
  • Rhymes: -tɛ

Adverb

este (not comparable)

  1. in the evening (from approximately 6 p.m. until going to bed; depends on working hours, daylight length, etc.)

Usage notes
Adverbs of temporal nouns     (see also: Appendix:Hungarian words of time)
no suffix (the noun
can act as an adverb)		nappal (“daytime”), reggel (“early morning”), délelőtt (“late morning”), délután (“afternoon”), este (“evening”), éjjel / éjszaka (“night”), and vasárnap (“Sunday”)
-kor (“at”)pirkadat / virradat (“dawn”), napkelte (“sunrise”), napnyugta (“sunset”), alkonyat (“dusk”), szürkület (“twilight”), éjfél (“midnight”), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét (“Easter”) etc.)
-ban/-ben (“in”)dél (“noon”), hajnal (“daybreak”), names of months (január–december) and hónap (“month”), évszak (“season”), év (“year”) and specific years, évtized (“decade”) and longer periods
-n/-on/-en/-ön (“on”)days of the week (hétfő–szombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje (“1st”), másodika (“2nd”) etc.), nap (“day”), hét (“week”), nyár (“summer”), and tél (“winter”)
-val/-vel (“with”, assimilated: -szal/-szel)tavasz (“spring”), ősz (“autumn, fall”)

Noun

este (plural esték)

  1. evening
    Synonym: (currently used in a narrower sense) est

Declension

For the terminative, estig is the most common form.

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative este esték
accusative estét estéket
dative estének estéknek
instrumental estével estékkel
causal-final estéért estékért
translative estévé estékké
terminative estéig estékig
essive-formal esteként estékként
essive-modal — —
inessive estében estékben
superessive estén estéken
adessive esténél estéknél
illative estébe estékbe
sublative estére estékre
allative estéhez estékhez
elative estéből estékből
delative estéről estékről
ablative estétől estéktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular		 estéé estéké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		 estééi estékéi
Possessive forms of este
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. estém estéim
2nd person sing. estéd estéid
3rd person sing. estéje estéi
1st person plural esténk estéink
2nd person plural estétek estéitek
3rd person plural estéjük estéik

Derived terms
Compound words
Expressions

Noun

este

  1. the fall (of someone or something)
    Synonyms: esése, dőlése
  2. (poetic) the downfall (of someone or something)

Declension

It most commonly occurs today in the form estében (“as he/she/it falls/fell”).

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative este —
accusative estét —
dative estének —
instrumental estével —
causal-final estéért —
translative estévé —
terminative estéig —
essive-formal esteként —
essive-modal — —
inessive estében —
superessive estén —
adessive esténél —
illative estébe —
sublative estére —
allative estéhez —
elative estéből —
delative estéről —
ablative estétől —
non-attributive
possessive - singular		 estéé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural		 estééi —
Possessive forms of este
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. estem —
2nd person sing. ested —
3rd person sing. este —
1st person plural estünk —
2nd person plural estetek —
3rd person plural estük —

References
  1. Compare Az estve (’The Evening’) by Mihály Csokonai (1794), with English translation
  2. este in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  3. est in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

Further reading
  • (evening): este in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • ([down]fall [of something]): este in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • este in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Karelian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Finnish este.

Noun

este (genitive estien, partitive estettu)

  1. obstacle

Latin

Etymology 1

Form of the verb edō (“I eat”).

Pronunciation

Verb

ēste

  1. second-person plural present active imperative of edō

Etymology 2

Form of the verb sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

Verb

este

  1. second-person plural present active imperative of sum

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English ēst, from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɛːst(ə)/, /ˈeːst(ə)/

Noun

este (plural estes or esten)

  1. grace, est, favour
  2. pleasure, enjoyment, fun
  3. delicacy, delicious food
Descendants
  • English: est, este (obsolete)
References

Adjective

este

  1. good, pleasant
References

Noun

este

  1. Alternative form of heste (“directive”)

Mirandese

Etymology

From Latin iste.

Pronoun

este m (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)

  1. this

Synonyms

See also
Mirandese demonstratives (edit)
Pronouns Adverbs
Singular Plural Neuter
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Proximal X este, aqueste esta, aquesta estes, aquestes estas, aquestas isto, aquisto eiqui, acá
de + X deste, daqueste desta, daquesta destes, daquestes destas, daquestas disto, daquisto deiqui
an + X neste, naqueste nesta, naquesta nestes, naquestes nestas, naquestas nisto, naquisto —
Medial X esse, aquesse essa, aquessa esses, aquesses essas, aquessas isso, aquisso alhi, eilhi
de + X desse, daquesse dessa, daquessa desses, daquesses dessas, daquessas disso, daquisso dalhi, deilhi
an + X nesse, naquesse nessa, naquessa nesses, naquesses nessas, naquessas nisso, naquisso —
Distal X aquel aqueilha aqueilhes aqueilhas aqueilho, aquilho alhi, alhá
de + X daquel daqueilha daqueilhes daqueilhas daqueilho, daquilho dalhi, dalhá
an + X naquel naqueilha naqueilhes naqueilhas naqueilho, naquilho —

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French est,[1][2] from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛs.t͡ʃi/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈɛʃ.t͡ʃi/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛs.te/

  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Noun

este m (uncountable)

  1. east (one of the four principal compass points)
    Synonyms: leste, nascente, oriente
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

Coordinate terms
noroeste norte nordeste
oeste
poente
ocidente		 leste
este
nascente
oriente
sudoeste sul sudeste

Adjective

este m or f (plural estes)

  1. eastern (of, situated in, or coming from the east)
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

Synonyms

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese este (displacing collateral form aqueste), from Latin iste.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈes.t͡ʃi/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈeʃ.t͡ʃi/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈes.te/

  • (Northeast Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈeʃ.tɪ/
  • Audio (São Paulo)(file)
  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Determiner

este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)

  1. this (indicates something or someone nearby)
  2. that (indicates something or someone just mentioned)
  3. this (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
  4. (of a unit of time) this (which is current)

Pronoun

este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto) (definite demonstrative pronoun)

  1. this one (indicates something or someone nearby)
  2. this one (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
  3. (of a unit of time) this (which is current)
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

See also
Portuguese demonstratives (edit)
Pronouns Adverbs
Singular Plural Neuter
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Proximal X este esta estes estas isto aqui, cá
de + X deste desta destes destas disto daqui
em + X neste nesta nestes nestas nisto —
Medial X esse essa esses essas isso aí
de + X desse dessa desses dessas disso daí
em + X nesse nessa nesses nessas nisso —
Distal X aquele aquela aqueles aquelas aquilo ali, lá, acolá
de + X daquele daquela daqueles daquelas daquilo dali
em + X naquele naquela naqueles naquelas naquilo —
a + X àquele àquela àqueles àquelas àquilo
Anaphoric X o a os as — —
de + X do da dos das
em + X no na nos nas
a + X ao à aos às

References
  1. “este” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
  2. “este” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Alternative forms
  • есте (Post-1930s (Moldavian) Cyrillic spelling)

Etymology

From Latin est with an epenthetic vowel, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Its similarity to Serbo-Croatian jeste is partially a coincidence.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈjes.te/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -este
  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Verb

este

  1. third-person singular present indicative of fi: he/she is
    Ea este o femeie foarte frumoasă.
    She is a very beautiful woman.

Synonyms

Spanish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈeste/ [ˈes.t̪e]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -este
  • Syllabification: es‧te

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin iste.

Determiner

este m sg (feminine esta, masculine plural estos, feminine plural estas)

  1. this

Pronoun

este m sg (demonstrative, feminine esta, neuter esto, feminine plural estas, masculine plural estos, neuter plural estos)

  1. Alternative spelling of éste
Usage notes
  • The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
See also
Spanish personal pronouns
nominative dative accusative disjunctive
first person singular yo me mí1
plural masculine2 nosotros nos nosotros
feminine nosotras nosotras
second person singular tuteo tú te ti1
voseo vos vos
formal3 usted le, se4 lo/la5 usted
plural familiar6 masculine2 vosotros os vosotros
feminine vosotras vosotras
formal/general3 ustedes les, se4 los/las5 ustedes
third person singular masculine2 él le, se4 lo él
feminine ella la ella
neuter ello7 lo ello
plural masculine2 ellos les, se4 los ellos
feminine ellas las ellas
reflexive — se sí1
  1. Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
  2. Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
  3. Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
  4. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
  5. Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
  6. Used primarily in Spain
  7. Used only in rare circumstances

Interjection

este

  1. uh, well (space filler in a conversation)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”), therefore related to English east and Spanish Austria.

Noun

este m (uncountable)

  1. east
    Synonym: oriente
    Antonyms: oeste, occidente
Coordinate terms

See also

Further reading

Anagrams

Tagalog

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʔeste/, [ˈʔɛs.tɛ]
  • Hyphenation: es‧te

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish este (“uh; um”, interjection/filler).

Particle

este (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)

  1. I mean
    Pupunta ako sa panaderya, este, restawran.
    I am going to the bakery, I mean, the restaurant.
Derived terms
  • este-este
  • umeste

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish este (“east”).

Noun

este (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)

  1. (uncommon) east (compass point)
    Synonyms: silangan, oryente
    • 1985, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Mga tula at tilamsik ng diwa:
      At, sa angkan naman ng ating First Lady, si Kokoy, na siyang governor ng Leyte, Ay embahador pa sa lahat ng parte - Sa este't oeste, sa sur at sa norte!
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Coordinate terms
    hilagang kanluran
    norweste    		 hilaga
    norte    		 hilagang silangan
    nordeste
    oksidente
    kanluran
    oeste    		 oryente
    silangan
    este
    salatan
    timog-kanluran    		 sur
    timog    		 timog-silangan
    Derived terms

    Further reading
    • “este”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

    Vietnamese
    Công thức cấu tạo tổng quát của este.

    Etymology

    Borrowed from French ester.

    Pronunciation
    • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔɛt̚˧˦ stɛ˧˧]
    • (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ stɛ˧˧]
    • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʔɛk̚˦˥ stɛ˧˧]
    • Phonetic: ét xteThe template Template:vi-IPA does not use the parameter(s): 
      2=ét-te
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    Noun

    este

    1. (organic chemistry) an ester

    Zazaki

    Etymology

    Related to Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi) (asthi)

    Noun

    este

    1. bone
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