dubito

See also: dubitò

Ido

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

dubito (plural dubiti)

  1. doubt
Related terms

Italian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdu.bi.to/
  • Rhymes: -ubito
  • Hyphenation: dù‧bi‧to

Etymology 1

Deverbal from dubitare (“to doubt”) +‎ -o. Cognate with Piedmontese dùbit.

Noun

dubito m (plural dubiti) (archaic, literary)

  1. doubt
    Synonym: dubbio

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

dubito

  1. first-person singular present indicative of dubitare

Latin

Etymology

Somewhat uncertain, but likely as a frequentative of dubō (attested only as a gloss by Paulus/Festus), denominative of *dubos (“in doubt”, adj.), from Proto-Indo-European *dwi- (“two-”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”). See dubius for details. For the relation to "two" cf. Ancient Greek δισσός (dissós, “twofold; doubtful”), δοιάζω (doiázō, “to be in two minds”) and German Zweifel (“doubt”).

Pronunciation

Verb

dubitō (present infinitive dubitāre, perfect active dubitāvī, supine dubitātum); first conjugation

  1. to waver (in opinion), be uncertain, doubt, question, be in doubt
    Synonyms: errō, vagor, fluitō, pendeō
    Antonym: cōnstō
  2. to waver (in coming to a decision), hesitate, delay
    Synonyms: retardō, tardō, moror, cūnctor, prōtrahō, trahō, differō
    Antonyms: ruō, accurrō, currō, festīnō, prōvolō, properō, corripiō, affluō, mātūrō
  3. to reflect upon, ponder, consider, deliberate
    Synonyms: reflectō, perpendō, ponderō, dēlīberō, putō, pendō, cōnsīderō, reputō, cōnsulō, replicō, cōnsultō, circumspiciō, videō, trahō, versō

Conjugation
   Conjugation of dubitō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present dubitō dubitās dubitat dubitāmus dubitātis dubitant
imperfect dubitābam dubitābās dubitābat dubitābāmus dubitābātis dubitābant
future dubitābō dubitābis dubitābit dubitābimus dubitābitis dubitābunt
perfect dubitāvī dubitāvistī,
dubitāstī1		 dubitāvit,
dubitāt1		 dubitāvimus,
dubitāmus1		 dubitāvistis,
dubitāstis1		 dubitāvērunt,
dubitāvēre,
dubitārunt1
pluperfect dubitāveram,
dubitāram1		 dubitāverās,
dubitārās1		 dubitāverat,
dubitārat1		 dubitāverāmus,
dubitārāmus1		 dubitāverātis,
dubitārātis1		 dubitāverant,
dubitārant1
future perfect dubitāverō,
dubitārō1		 dubitāveris,
dubitāris1		 dubitāverit,
dubitārit1		 dubitāverimus,
dubitārimus1		 dubitāveritis,
dubitāritis1		 dubitāverint,
dubitārint1
passive present dubitor dubitāris,
dubitāre		 dubitātur dubitāmur dubitāminī dubitantur
imperfect dubitābar dubitābāris,
dubitābāre		 dubitābātur dubitābāmur dubitābāminī dubitābantur
future dubitābor dubitāberis,
dubitābere		 dubitābitur dubitābimur dubitābiminī dubitābuntur
perfect dubitātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect dubitātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect dubitātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present dubitem dubitēs dubitet dubitēmus dubitētis dubitent
imperfect dubitārem dubitārēs dubitāret dubitārēmus dubitārētis dubitārent
perfect dubitāverim,
dubitārim1		 dubitāverīs,
dubitārīs1		 dubitāverit,
dubitārit1		 dubitāverīmus,
dubitārīmus1		 dubitāverītis,
dubitārītis1		 dubitāverint,
dubitārint1
pluperfect dubitāvissem,
dubitāssem1		 dubitāvissēs,
dubitāssēs1		 dubitāvisset,
dubitāsset1		 dubitāvissēmus,
dubitāssēmus1		 dubitāvissētis,
dubitāssētis1		 dubitāvissent,
dubitāssent1
passive present dubiter dubitēris,
dubitēre		 dubitētur dubitēmur dubitēminī dubitentur
imperfect dubitārer dubitārēris,
dubitārēre		 dubitārētur dubitārēmur dubitārēminī dubitārentur
perfect dubitātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect dubitātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — dubitā — — dubitāte —
future — dubitātō dubitātō — dubitātōte dubitantō
passive present — dubitāre — — dubitāminī —
future — dubitātor dubitātor — — dubitantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives dubitāre dubitāvisse,
dubitāsse1		 dubitātūrum esse dubitārī dubitātum esse dubitātum īrī
participles dubitāns — dubitātūrus — dubitātus dubitandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
dubitandī dubitandō dubitandum dubitandō dubitātum dubitātū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants

References
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “dubius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180
  • Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “dubius”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 375
  1. “dǒuten, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Further reading
  • “dubito”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “dubito”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dubito in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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