doubter
English
Noun
doubter (plural doubters)
- One who doubts.
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 275:
- I have a great deal of sympathy with scientific doubters, and with those who test psychicism up hill and down dale and are not satisfied.
Related terms
Translations
Translations
|
French
Conjugation
Conjugation of doubter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | doubter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | doubtant /du.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | doubté /du.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | doubte /dut/ |
doubtes /dut/ |
doubte /dut/ |
doubtons /du.tɔ̃/ |
doubtez /du.te/ |
doubtent /dut/ |
| imperfect | doubtais /du.tɛ/ |
doubtais /du.tɛ/ |
doubtait /du.tɛ/ |
doubtions /du.tjɔ̃/ |
doubtiez /du.tje/ |
doubtaient /du.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | doubtai /du.te/ |
doubtas /du.ta/ |
doubta /du.ta/ |
doubtâmes /du.tam/ |
doubtâtes /du.tat/ |
doubtèrent /du.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | doubterai /du.tʁe/ |
doubteras /du.tʁa/ |
doubtera /du.tʁa/ |
doubterons /du.tʁɔ̃/ |
doubterez /du.tʁe/ |
doubteront /du.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | doubterais /du.tʁɛ/ |
doubterais /du.tʁɛ/ |
doubterait /du.tʁɛ/ |
doubterions /du.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
doubteriez /du.tə.ʁje/ |
doubteraient /du.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | doubte /dut/ |
doubtes /dut/ |
doubte /dut/ |
doubtions /du.tjɔ̃/ |
doubtiez /du.tje/ |
doubtent /dut/ |
| imperfect2 | doubtasse /du.tas/ |
doubtasses /du.tas/ |
doubtât /du.ta/ |
doubtassions /du.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
doubtassiez /du.ta.sje/ |
doubtassent /du.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | doubte /dut/ |
— | doubtons /du.tɔ̃/ |
doubtez /du.te/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Middle French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old French douter, with the b added back to reflect the Latin etymology.
Verb
doubter
- to doubt
- (reflexive, se doubter de or s'en doubter) to doubt (something)
- c. 1369, Jean Froissart, Chroniques:
- ils avoient tort se ils s'en doubtoient
- They were wrong if they doubted it
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of doubter
| infinitive | simple | doubter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | doubtant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | doubté | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | doubte | doubtes | doubte | doubtons | doubtez | doubtent |
| imperfect | doubtois, doubtoys | doubtois, doubtoys | doubtoit, doubtoyt | doubtions, doubtyons | doubtiez, doubtyez | doubtoient, doubtoyent | |
| past historic | doubta | doubtas | doubta | doubtasmes | doubtastes | doubterent | |
| future | doubterai, doubteray | doubteras | doubtera | doubterons | doubterez | doubteront | |
| conditional | doubterois, doubteroys | doubterois, doubteroys | doubteroit, doubteroyt | doubterions, doubteryons | doubteriez, doubteryez | doubteroient, doubteroyent | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | doubte | doubtes | doubte | doubtons | doubtez | doubtent |
| imperfect | doubtasse | doubtasses | doubtast | doubtassions | doubtassiez | doubtassent | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | doubte | — | doubtons | doubtez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). | |||||||
Descendants
- French: douter
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | doubter | avoir doubté | |||||
| gerund | en doubtant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | doubtant | ||||||
| past participle | doubté | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | doubte | doubtes | doubte | doubtons | doubtez | doubtent |
| imperfect | doubtoie, doubteie, doubtoe, doubteve | doubtoies, doubteies, doubtoes, doubteves | doubtoit, doubteit, doubtot, doubteve | doubtiiens, doubtiens | doubtiiez, doubtiez | doubtoient, doubteient, doubtoent, doubtevent | |
| preterite | doubtai | doubtas | doubta | doubtames | doubtastes | doubterent | |
| future | doubterai | doubteras | doubtera | doubterons | doubteroiz, doubtereiz, doubterez | doubteront | |
| conditional | doubteroie, doubtereie | doubteroies, doubtereies | doubteroit, doubtereit | doubteriiens, doubteriens | doubteriiez, doubteriez | doubteroient, doubtereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | doubte | doubtes | doubte | doubtons | doubtez | doubtent |
| imperfect | doubtasse | doubtasses | doubtast | doubtissons, doubtissiens | doubtissoiz, doubtissez, doubtissiez | doubtassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | doubte | — | doubtons | doubtez | — | ||
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