陸

陸 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中土金土 (NLGCG), four-corner 7421₄, composition ⿰阝坴)

• 𦸐, 𥨁, 𥲎

• 陆 (Simplified Chinese)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1355, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41708
• Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4134, character 5
• Unihan data for U+9678
• Unihan data for U+F9D3

Historical forms of the character 陸
Shang		Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Shizhoupian script	Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ruɡ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ).

Perhaps related to Proto-Wa (*[ʔ]rok, "dry land") (Schuessler, 2007).

陸

1. land; continent; mainland

   登陸／登陆  ―  dēnglù  ―  to land; to go ashore

   陸路／陆路  ―  lùlù  ―  land route

2. land route; surface transport
3. Short for 中國大陸／中国大陆 (Zhōngguó dàlù, “mainland China”).

   陸生／陆生  ―  lùshēng  ―  student from mainland China studying in Taiwan

4. Short for 陸軍／陆军 (lùjūn, “army”).
5. a surname: Lu

   陸游／陆游  ―  Lù Yóu  ―  Lu You (Southern Song dynasty poet)

• (land route):

• (antonym(s) of “land”): 陸地／陆地 (lùdì)

陸

1. (financial) Alternative form of 六 (“six”)

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. land
2. (financial, archaic) six

• Go-on: ろく (roku)
• Kan-on: りく (riku, Jōyō)
• Kun: おか (oka, 陸)^{←をか (woka, 陸, historical)}; くが (kuga, 陸)
• Nanori: たち (tachi); みち (michi); む (mu); むつ (mutsu)

• (six): 六

Originally referred to "flat" in reference to flat land, in turn the core meaning of the kanji character.[1][2]

The alternative 碌 spelling is an example of ateji.[1][2][3][4]

First attested in the 羅葡日辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Dictionary”) of 1595.[1]

• (Tokyo) ろく [ròkú] (Heiban – [0])[2][4][5]
• IPA^(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

陸(ろく) • (roku) -na (adnominal 陸(ろく)な (roku na), adverbial 陸(ろく)に (roku ni))

1. [from 1595] flat, not steep
   • 1603, 日葡辞書 [Nippo Jisho, Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary]‎, page 212:

     Rocuna michi.

     Rocuna michi.

     Flat road.

2. [from roughly 1600] straightforward, uncomplicated, straight, correct
3. [from roughly 1600] (mostly used in negative expressions) correct, right, complete, sufficient, satisfactory, proper

   ろくでもない人物(じんぶつ)、ろくに休(やす)みも取(と)れない

   roku de mo nai jinbutsu, roku ni yasumi mo torenai

   a person who isn't right, a good-for-nothing / can't even fully take a break

4. [from late 1600s] peaceful, tranquil, serene (said of one's surroundings)
5. [from 1700] even-tempered, easygoing, relaxed

陸(ろく) • (roku) 

1. [from 1595] flatness
2. [from roughly 1600] straightforwardness, uncomplicatedness, straightness, correctness
3. [from roughly 1600] (mostly used in negative expressions) correctness, rightness, completeness, sufficientness, satisfactoriness, properness
4. [from late 1600s] peacefulness, tranquility, serenity (said of one's surroundings)
5. [from 1700] an even temper, easygoingness, relaxedness

Substitute spelling for 六 (roku, “six”),[6][7][2] likely borrowed from similar usage of written Chinese 陸／陆 (“six”).

• (Tokyo) ろく​ [ròkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

陸(ろく) • (roku) 

1. (financial, archaic) the number six, 6 (used only in legal documents, otherwise 六)

Legal uses arose due to the relative ease with which certain number kanji can be fraudulently altered to look like other number kanji. For instance, 一 (ichi, “one”) could be modified to look like 六 (roku, “six”), but it cannot be modified to look like 陸 (roku, “six”, in legal contexts).

• 大字 (daiji, “big character”, more-complicated kanji used as phonetic replacements for simpler numeric kanji, in order to prevent fraudulent modification)

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 陸 (MC ljuwk). First attested in Japanese as a standalone noun in a text from the mid-1400s.[8]

• (Tokyo) りく [rìkú] (Heiban – [0])[2][4][5]
• (Tokyo) りく​ [rìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2][4]
• IPA^(key): [ɾʲikɯ̟ᵝ]

陸(りく) • (riku) 

1. [from mid-1400s] land (as opposed to sea or other bodies of water)

   Synonyms: 陸地 (rikuchi), おか (oka), くにが (kuniga), くぬが (kunuga), くが (kuga)

(The following entry is uncreated: くぬが.)

From Middle Chinese 陸 (MC ljuwk).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɾjuk̚] ~ [juk̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [륙/육]

Wikisource 陸 (eumhun 뭍 륙 (mut ryuk), South Korea 뭍 육 (mut yuk))

1. Hanja form^? of 륙/육 (“(dry) land”). [affix]

陸 (eumhun 여섯 륙 (yeoseot ryuk), South Korea 여섯 육 (yeoseot yuk))

1. (financial) Alternative form of 六 (“Hanja form^? of 륙/육 (“six”).”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

陸: Hán Nôm readings: lục

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