岡

See also: 𫝍 and 冈
岡 U+5CA1, 岡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CA1
← 岠
[U+5CA0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 岢 →
[U+5CA2]

Translingual

Han character

岡 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月廿山 (BTU), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵𦉰山)

Derived characters

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 308, character 39
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7962
  • Dae Jaweon: page 608, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 100, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5CA1

Chinese
trad. 岡
simp. 冈*
alternative forms 崗／岗

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (岡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
岡 *klaːŋ
崗 *klaːŋ
剛 *klaːŋ
掆 *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
鋼 *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
綱 *klaːŋ
犅 *klaːŋ
堈 *klaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ) : phonetic 网 (OC *mlaŋʔ) + semantic 山 (“mountain”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-gaŋ (“hill, ridge, mountain”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007), cognate with Tibetan སྒང (sgang, “ridge; mound”), Burmese ခင် (hkang, “ridge”), Burmese အခေါင် (a.hkaung, “summit”), Lahu qhɔ³³ (“mountain”), Sulung gɹaŋ³³ (“mountain”), Proto-Tamangic *ᴬgaŋ ("hill, mountain").

STEDT also proposes cognacy with 京 (OC *kraŋ, “artificial mound, capital”) and 鯨 (OC *ɡraŋ, “whale”).

Pronunciation

Note: geng1 - used in 黃岡.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghai)
      • Wugniu: 1kaon
      • MiniDict: kaon平
      • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1kaan
      • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɑ̃⁵³/
Rime
Character 岡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古郎切
Baxter kang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gong1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 岡
Reading # 1/1
No. 3711
Phonetic
component		 岡
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 岡
Old
Chinese		 /*klaːŋ/
Notes 說文從山網聲

Definitions

岡

  1. ridge or crest of a mountain
  2. mountain; hill

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji
岡

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. hill

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
岡
おか
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 岡 – see the following entry.
【おか】
[noun] hill
[proper noun] a surname
[noun] [from 1310] land, ground (as opposed to the sea or other bodies of water)
[noun] [from 1708] the bathing area next to an お風呂 (ofuro, “traditional Japanese soaking tub”), often raised relative to the tub basin
[noun] [from 1873] the raised portion of a 硯 (suzuri, “inkstone”) where one grinds the stick of India ink (as opposed to the 池 (ike, literally “pond”) or 海 (umi, literally “sea”), the small depressed basin area where one pours in the water)
Alternative spellings
丘, 陸
(This term, 岡, is an alternative spelling (only in proper nouns) of the above term.)

Korean

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 岡 (MC kang). Recorded as Middle Korean 崗/가ᇰ (kang) (Yale: kang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 岡 (eumhun 산등성이 강 (sandeungseong'i gang))

  1. Hanja form? of 강 (“hill”).

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
  • Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 1.

Vietnamese

Han character

岡: Hán Nôm readings: cương

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