ren

• IPA^(key): /ɹɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Learned borrowing from Latin rēn. Doublet of rein (“kidney”).

ren (plural renes)

1. (anatomy) A kidney.
   • 1759, Malcolm Flemyng, “Lecture XIX. On the kidneys and urinary bladder. Gravel; calculus.”, in An Introduction to Physiology, Being a Courſe of Lectures Upon the moſt important Parts of the Animal Œconomy: […], London: J. Nourse, →OCLC, page 259:

     Having treated laſt of the expulſion of the inteſtinal fæces, we come next to conſider thoſe organs, which ſeparate and throw off another principal excrementitious matter, to wit, urine. The firſt of which is the renes or kidneys.

   • 1810, William Tully, “On Aliment”, in Proceedings of the Presidents and Fellows of the Connecticut Medical Society, published 1884, page 326:

     We find, however, that the detrita, consisting principally of effete hydrogen and carbon, brought into the circulation by the absorbents, are constantly making their escape from the system by way of the renes, skin, and lungs, in the forms of water, and carbonic-acid.

   • 1858, William Tully, Materia Medica; Or, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, page 1195:

     It would probably have been considered an important omission if I had not mentioned Water as a substance excreted freely by the renes or kidneys.

   • 1893, Henry Power, Leonard William Sedgwick, The New Sydenham Society's Lexicon of Medicine and the Allied Sciences:

     Renal. Belonging to the ren or kidney.

• renal

Learned borrowing from Egyptian rn,

ren (plural rens)

1. (Egyptian mythology) One’s name, as part of the soul in ancient Egyptian mythology.
   • 1983, Norman Mailer, Ancient Evenings:

     For the Ren did not belong to the man, but came out of the Celestial Waters to enter an infant in the hour of his birth and might not stir again until it was time to go back.

• ner, NER, NRE, ern, -ern, RNE, ENR, -ner-, Ern

• rên, rêu, rêj, rê (Gheg)
• re (Standard Albanian)

The Tosk (Çamërisht, Arbëreshë/Arvanite) and also Old Albanian form of Standard Albanian re (“cloud, clouds”).

ren f

1. cloud(s)
2. haze, mist
3. overcast

• re f
• rij, ritë
• vrenjt
• vrenjtur
• vrëndë f
• vranësi f
• rend
• përrua m, përrue m
• përrenj m, përronj m

Borrowed from French renne.

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈrɛn]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈrən]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [ˈren]

ren m (plural rens)

1. reindeer

Clipping of English render.

• IPA^(key): /ɹɛːn⁵⁵/

ren

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, computer graphics) to render

   ren片 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  ren pin^3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to render a video

   • 2023, 新聞女王 [The Queen of News], episode 1, spoken by 徐曉薇 (何依婷 [Regina Ho]):

     Nelson，半個鐘頭內ren好個動畫。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
     Nelson，半个钟头内ren好个动画。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

     Nelson, bun³ go³ zung¹ tau⁴ noi⁶ ren hou² go³ dung⁶ waa^6-2. [Jyutping]

     Nelson, finish rendering the animation in half an hour.

ren

1. with (third person singular)

ren

1. to speak
2. to talk

• Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

• IPA^(key): /reːˀn/, [ˈʁæˀn]

From Old Norse hreinn m, from Proto-Germanic *hrainaz, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, Old English hrān.

ren c (singular definite renen, plural indefinite rener)

1. reindeer

   Synonym: rensdyr

• rensdyr

• “ren,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

From Old Norse rein f, from Proto-Germanic *rainō, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, German Rain (English rean is from Old Norse).

ren c (singular definite renen, plural indefinite rene or rener)

1. (rare, real estate, agriculture) a strip of unplowed land serving as a boundary between estates

   Synonym: agerren

• agerren

• “ren,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

From Old Norse hreinn (“clean”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, German rein, Gothic 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (hrains).

ren (neuter rent, plural and definite singular attributive rene)

1. clean (without dirt)
2. pure, mere, sheer(without any added elements)
3. pure (morally)

• “ren,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

• IPA^(key): /rɛn/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ren
• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Homophone: Ren

From Middle Dutch rinne, renne.

ren f (plural rennen, diminutive rennetje n)

1. A run; an enclosed area where small or mid-sized livestock such as poultry are kept.

• hoenderren
• kippenren
• konijnenren
• varkensren

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ren

1. inflection of rennen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative

From Old Galician-Portuguese ren, from Latin rēs nāta, neutral plural of rēs nātum, Latin no things.

• IPA^(key): /ˈreŋ/

ren

1. (now literary) nothing

   Synonym: nada

   Antonym: todo

• “ren” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “ren” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “ren” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “ren” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

From French rein (“kidney”).

• IPA^(key): /ɣɛ̃/

ren

1. kidney

ren (plural renes)

1. kidney

ren

1. Rōmaji transcription of れん

• rien

Uncertain. Several etymologies proposed:[1]

• From Proto-Italic *hrēn, cognate with Ancient Greek φρήν (phrḗn, “heart, midriff, mind”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrḗn (“an internal part of the body”).
• Earlier *srēn, cognate with Old Prussian straunay, Lithuanian strė́nos, srė́nos f pl (“loins”), Latvian striena (“loins”) and Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬥𐬀- (rāna-, “thigh”), from Proto-Indo-European *srḗn (“hip, loins”). Further disputed connection with Ancient Greek ῥάχις (rhákhis, “spine, chine”).[2]
• Cognate with Tocharian A āriñc, Tocharian B arañce (“heart”) and Hittite 𒄩𒄩𒊑 (ḫa-ḫa-ri- /⁠ḫaḫri-⁠/, “lungs ~ midriff ?”) (exact meaning uncertain), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂-ri-, *h₂eh₂-r-en- (“an internal organ”). Compare also Old Irish áru and Welsh aren (“kidney”).[3][4][5]

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /reːn/, [reːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ren/, [rɛn]

rēn m (genitive rēnis); third declension

1. (chiefly in the plural) kidney

Third-declension noun.

• rēnālis
• rēniculus
• rēnunculus

• “ren”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ren”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ren in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• ren in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

ren

1. Nonstandard spelling of rén.
2. Nonstandard spelling of rěn.
3. Nonstandard spelling of rèn.

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

ren

1. past of jean

• rein (Nynorsk also)

From Old Norse hreinn.

IPA^(key): /reːn/, [ɾeːn]

ren (neuter singular rent, definite singular and plural rene, comparative renere, indefinite superlative renest, definite superlative reneste)

1. clean
2. pure

• uren

• “ren” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

from Latin rēnes < rēn, from Proto-Italic *hrēn, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“an internal part of the body”).

• IPA^(key): /ren/

• (file)

ren m (plural rens)

1. (anatomy) kidney

• lomb
• ronhon

• arnelh (Gascon)

From Latin rem, accusative of rēs (“thing”). Compare Catalan res (“nothing”), French rien (“nothing”).

ren

1. (Provençal, Limousin) nothing

• res
• arren

• IPA^(key): /rɛŋ/

ren m

1. kidney

• IPA^(key): /rɛn/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: ren
• Homophone: Ren

Borrowed from North Germanic. Compare Norwegian Bokmål rein, Swedish ren.

ren m animal (female equivalent reniferzyca)

1. caribou, reindeer (Arctic and Subarctic-dwelling deer)

   Synonyms: karibu, renifer, renifer tundrowy

Learned borrowing from Latin rhenium.

ren m inan

1. rhenium

• ren in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ren in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Borrowed from French renne, from Swedish ren, from Old Norse hreinn.

• IPA^(key): /ren/

ren m (plural reni)

1. reindeer

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ.

• IPA^(key): /rên/

rȅn m (Cyrillic spelling ре̏н)

1. horseradish

• audio

  (file)

From Old Norse hreinn (noun).

ren c

1. reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)
   • 1949, “Rudolf med röda mulen [Rudolf with the red nose]”, Eric Sandström (lyrics), Johnny Marks (music):

     Rudolf med röda mulen, hette en helt vanlig ren, som blivit kall om mulen, därav kom dess röda sken. Rudolf fick alltid höra: "Se, han har sitt dimljus på!" Att han blev led åt detta, är en sak man kan förstå. Men en mörk julaftonskväll, tomtefar han sa: "Vill du inte Rudolf, säg, med din mule lysa mig?" Allt sen den dagen renen, tomtens egen släde drar. Rudolf med röda mulen, lyser väg åt tomtefar.

     Rudolf with the red nose, was the name of a [completely] ordinary reindeer, who had gotten a cold nose [had become cold about/around the nose], thence [thereof] came its red glow. Rudolf always got to hear: "Look, he has his fog light on!" That he got tired of this, is something one can understand. But one dark Christmas Eve night, Santa Claus, he said: "Don't you want to, Rudolf, say, with your nose, light my way [light me]?" Ever since that day the reindeer, Santa's own sleigh pulls. Rudolf with the red nose, lights Santa Claus's way [lights way for Santa Claus].

2. (chiefly in compounds) a strip of land around an edge (of a road or field or the like)

• härk c
• renko c
• rentjur c
• sarv c
• vaja c

• dikesren
• vägren
• åkerren

From Old Norse hreinn (“clean”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz.

ren (comparative renare, superlative renast)

1. clean (not dirty)

   En tvättmaskin gör kläder rena

   A washing machine makes clothes clean

   Jag har städat stugan, så nu är det rent och fint där inne

   I've cleaned the cabin, so now it's nice and clean in there

2. pure

   rent guld

   pure gold

   en ren lögn

   a pure lie

   ren idioti

   pure idiocy

   1. straight (without anything added)

      dricka vodka rent

      drink vodka straight

• oren
• smutsig

• ha rent mjöl i påsen
• ren och skär
• rena rama

• ren in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• ren in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• ren in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• ner

From English rain.

ren

1. rain
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:5:

     ...i no gat diwai na gras samting i kamap long graun yet, long wanem, em i no salim ren i kam daun yet. Na i no gat man bilong wokim gaden.

     →New International Version translation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zɛn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐɛŋ˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ɹɛŋ˧˧]

ren • (蓮, 𨕡)

1. threading

ren • (蓮, 𨕡)

1. to thread; lace; weave

ren

1. last year

Omar Ka (2018) Nanu Dégg Wolof, National African Language Resource Center, →ISBN, page 155

From Mandarin 人 (rén).

• IPA^(key): [ɻə̃]

ren

1. person

• Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun‎, University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN