ler

See also: LER, lèr, lêr, and -ler

Danish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /leːˀr/, [ˈleˀɐ̯], [ˈleɐ̯ˀ]

Etymology 1

From Old Norse leir, from Proto-Germanic *laizą, cognate with Norwegian leir, Swedish ler. Probably from the Indo-European root *h₂leyH- (to smear).

Noun

ler n (singular definite leret, not used in plural form)

  1. clay
Declension
See also

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ler

  1. present tense of le

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere. Compare Portuguese ler.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈleɾ]

Verb

ler (first-person singular present leo, first-person singular preterite lín, past participle lido)
ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite lim or li, past participle lido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. to read

Conjugation

References

  • leer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • leer” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • ler” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • ler” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • ler” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Japanese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “whence r?”)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɾa̠ː]

Suffix

ler(ラー) • (-rā) 

  1. Alternative form of er (ā)

Derived terms

Japanese terms suffixed with ler

Mirandese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin legere.

Verb

ler

  1. to read

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /leːr/
  • Rhymes: -eːr

Verb

ler

  1. present of le

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

ler

  1. present of le

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

  • lez (likely a misspelling)

Etymology

Unknown. Likely from Proto-Celtic *liros.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈleɾ/

Noun

ler m

  1. sea, beach, shore

Usage notes

  • Do not confuse with leer (to read).

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *liros, either borrowed from an unknown substrate language or from Proto-Indo-European *leyH-.[1] Cognate with Welsh llŷr.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈl͈ʲer/

Noun

ler m or n (genitive lir)

  1. (masculine) sea, ocean
  2. (neuter) a lot, multitude, large number

Inflection

As a masculine noun meaning "sea, ocean":

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ler lerL lirL
Vocative lir lerL liruH
Accusative lerN lerL liruH
Genitive lirL ler lerN
Dative liurL leraib leraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

As a neuter noun meaning "a lot, large number, multitude":

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Vocative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Accusative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Genitive lirL ler lerN
Dative liurL leraib leraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: lear
  • Scottish Gaelic: lear

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
ler
also ller after a proclitic
ler
pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/
unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*liro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 241

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere (to read). Compare Galician ler and Spanish leer.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈle(ʁ)/ [ˈle(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈle(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈle(ʁ)/ [ˈle(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈle(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈleɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈle.ɾi/

  • Homophone: (Brazil)
  • Hyphenation: ler

Verb

ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite li, past participle lido)

  1. to read (to look at and interpret written information)
  2. to read (to speak aloud written information)
  3. (computing) to read (to fetch data from)
  4. (reflexive, of text) to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)

Conjugation

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ler.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Macanese:
  • Makalero: leh (to read)

Romansch

Etymology 1

From Latin legō, legere.

Verb

ler

  1. (Puter) to read
Alternative forms

Verb

ler

  1. (Sutsilvan) Alternative form of vuler

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From German leer.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lêːr/
  • Hyphenation: ler

Noun

lȇr m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑р)

  1. (regional, automotive) neutral

Declension

References

  • ler” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Swedish

Noun

ler c

  1. clay; Contraction of lera., in the expression ler och långhalm

Verb

ler

  1. present indicative of le

Anagrams

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.