fly

See also: Fly

English

Pronunciation
  • enPR: flī, IPA(key): /flaɪ/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪ

Etymology 1

From Middle English flye, flie, from Old English flȳġe, flēoge (“a fly”), from Proto-Germanic *fleugǭ (“a fly”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”). Cognate with Scots flee, Saterland Frisian Fljooge, Dutch vlieg, German Low German Fleeg, German Fliege, Danish flue, Norwegian Bokmål flue, Norwegian Nynorsk fluge, Swedish fluga, Icelandic fluga.

Noun
A fly (insect)

fly (plural flies)

  1. (zoology) Any insect of the order Diptera; characterized by having two wings (except for some wingless species), also called true flies.
    • 2012 January, Douglas Larson, “Runaway Devils Lake”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, page 46:
      Devils Lake is where I began my career as a limnologist in 1964, studying the lake’s neotenic salamanders and chironomids, or midge flies. […] The Devils Lake Basin is an endorheic, or closed, basin covering about 9,800 square kilometers in northeastern North Dakota.
  2. (non-technical) Especially, any of the insects of the family Muscidae, such as the common housefly (other families of Diptera include mosquitoes and midges).
    • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
      When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose. And the queerer the cure for those ailings the bigger the attraction. A place like the Right Livers' Rest was bound to draw freaks, same as molasses draws flies.
  3. Any similar but not closely related insect, such as a dragonfly, butterfly, or gallfly.
  4. (fishing) A lightweight fishing lure resembling an insect.
    • 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 152:
      I went on trying for fish along the western bank down the river, but only small trout rose at my flies, and a score was the total catch.
  5. (weightlifting) A chest exercise performed by moving extended arms from the sides to in front of the chest. (also flye)
  6. (swimming) The butterfly stroke (plural is normally flys).
  7. (obsolete) A witch's familiar.
  8. (obsolete) A parasite.
    • 1636, Philip Massinger, “The Bashful Lover”, in William Gifford, editor, The Plays of Philip Massinger‎, published 1845, act 1, scene 1, page 470:
      The fly that plays too near the flame burns in it.
  9. (preceded by definite article) A simple dance in which the hands are shaken in the air, popular in the 1960s.
  10. (finance) A butterfly (combination of four options).
Hyponyms
Derived terms
some may also be hyponyms
Translations
swimming: butterfly stroke — see butterfly stroke
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Further reading

Etymology 2

From Middle English flien, from Old English flēogan, from Proto-Germanic *fleuganą (compare Saterland Frisian fljooge, Dutch vliegen, Low German flegen, German fliegen, Danish flyve, Norwegian Nynorsk flyga), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (*plew-k-, “to fly”) (compare Lithuanian plaũkti ‘to swim’), enlargement of *plew- (“flow”). More at flee and flow.

Verb

fly (third-person singular simple present flies, present participle flying, simple past flew, past participle flown)

  1. (intransitive) To travel through the air, another gas, or a vacuum, without being in contact with a grounded surface.
    Birds of passage fly to warmer regions as it gets colder in winter.
    The Concorde flew from Paris to New York faster than any other passenger airplane.
    It takes about eleven hours to fly from Frankfurt to Hong Kong.
    The little fairy flew home on the back of her friend, the giant eagle.
  2. (transitive, intransitive, archaic, poetic) To flee, to escape (from).
    Fly, my lord! The enemy are upon us!
  3. (transitive, ergative) To cause to fly (travel or float in the air): to transport via air or the like.
    Charles Lindbergh flew his airplane The Spirit of St. Louis across the Atlantic ocean.
    Why don’t you go outside and fly kites, kids? The wind is just perfect.
    Birds fly their prey to their nest to feed it to their young.
    Each day the postal service flies thousands of letters around the globe.
    • 1879, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, composer, The Pirates of Penzance  […], Philadelphia: J.M. Stoddart & Co., published 1880, →OCLC:
      The brave black flag I fly.
    • 2013 September 7, “On a bright new wing”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8852:
      A solar-powered unmanned aerial system (a UAS, more commonly called a drone) could fly long, lonely missions that conventional aircraft would not be capable of.
    • 2015, Jeromy Hopgood, Dance Production: Design and Technology, page 44:
      This area, referred to as the fly loft, should typically be two and a half times taller than the proscenium opening in order to fly the scenery above the vertical sightlines of the first row of the audience.
  4. (intransitive) To travel or proceed very fast; to hasten.
    He flew down the hill on his bicycle.
    It's five o'clock already. Doesn't time fly?
    • 1645, John Milton, On Time:
      Fly, envious Time, till thou run out thy race.
    • 1870, William Cullen Bryant (translator), The Iliad (originally by Homer)
      The dark waves murmured as the ship flew on.
    • 2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41-10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport:
      After yet another missed penalty by Kvirikashvili from bang in front of the posts, England scored again, centre Tuilagi flying into the line and touching down under the bar.
  5. (intransitive) To move suddenly, or with violence; to do an act suddenly or swiftly.
    a door flies open
    a bomb flies apart
    • 1859 December 13, Charles Dickens, “The Mortals in the House”, in Charles Dickens, editor, The Haunted House. The Extra Christmas Number of All the Year Round […], volume II, London: […] C. Whiting, […], →OCLC, page 7, column 1:
      And in respect of the great necessity there is, my darling, for more employments being within the reach of Woman than our civilisation has as yet assigned to her, don’t fly at the unfortunate men, even those men who are at first sight in your way, as if they were the natural oppressors of your sex […]
  6. (intransitive) To proceed with great success.
    His career is really flying at the moment.
    One moment the company was flying high, the next it was on its knees.
  7. (intransitive, colloquial, of a proposal, project or idea) To be accepted, come about or work out.
    Let's see if that idea flies.
    You know, I just don't think that's going to fly. Why don't you spend your time on something better?
  8. (transitive, ergative) To display (a flag) on a flagpole.
  9. (transitive) To hunt with a hawk.
  10. (intransitive, entomology, of a type of moth or butterfly) To be in the winged adult stage.
    This species flies from late summer until frost.
Conjugation
Conjugation of fly
infinitive (to) fly
present tense past tense
1st-person singular fly flew
2nd-person singular fly, fliest†, flyest† flew, flewest†
3rd-person singular flies, flieth†, flyeth† flew
plural fly
subjunctive fly flew
imperative fly —
participles flying flown

†Archaic or obsolete.

Synonyms
Antonyms
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

fly (plural flys or flies)

  1. (obsolete) The action of flying; flight.
  2. An act of flying.
    There was a good wind, so I decided to give the kite a fly.
  3. (baseball) A fly ball.
  4. (American football) Short for fly route.
  5. A piece of canvas that covers the opening at the front of a tent.
  6. (India, obsolete) The sloping or roof part of the canvas of a tent.
    • 1810, Thomas H. Williamson, The East India Vade-Mecum, page 452:
      [T]he main part of the operation of pitching the tent, consisting of raising the flies, may be performed, and shelter afforded, without the walls, &c., being present.
    • 1816, The Grand Master, or Adventures of Qui Hi, page 152:
      The cavalcade drew up in line, / Pitch'd the marquee, and went to dine. / The bearers and the servants lie / Under the shelter of the fly.
    • 1885, Elizabeth Bacon Custer, Boots and Saddles:
      After I had changed my riding-habit for my one other gown, I came out to join the general under the tent-fly.
  7. (often plural) A strip of material (sometimes hiding zippers or buttons) at the front of a pair of trousers, pants, underpants, bootees, etc.
    Ha-ha! Your flies are undone!
    • February 2014 Y-Front Fly
      Y-Front is a registered trademark for a special front fly turned upside down to form a Y owned by Jockey® International. The first Y-Front® brief was created by Jockey® more than 70 years ago.
    • June 2014 The Hole In Men’s Underwear: Name And Purpose
      Briefs were given an opening in the front. The point of this opening (the ‘fly’) was to make it easier to pee with clothes on
  8. The free edge of a flag.
  9. The horizontal length of a flag.
  10. (weightlifting) An exercise that involves wide opening and closing of the arms perpendicular to the shoulders.
  11. The part of a vane pointing the direction from which the wind blows.
  12. (nautical) That part of a compass on which the points are marked; the compass card.
    • a. 1850, Robert Norman, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
      to the fly of the compass, which before was made equal, I was still constrained to put some small piece of wire on the south part there
  13. Two or more vanes set on a revolving axis, to act as a fanner, or to equalize or impede the motion of machinery by the resistance of the air, as in the striking part of a clock.
  14. Short for flywheel.
  15. (historical) A type of small, light, fast horse-drawn carriage that can be hired for transportation (sometimes pluralised flys).
    • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 74, in The History of Pendennis. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
      A fly carried him rapidly to Lady Clavering’s house from the station […]
    • 1859, Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White‎:
      Can I get a fly, or a carriage of any kind? Is it too late?
      I dismissed the fly a mile distant from the park, and getting my directions from the driver, proceeded by myself to the house.
    • 1861, Henry Mayhew, William Tuckniss, London Labour and the London Poor: A Cyclopœdia of the Condition and Earnings of Those that Will Work, Those that Cannot Work, and Those that Will Not Work, volume 3, page 359:
      A glass coach, it may be as well to observe, is a carriage and pair hired by the day, and a fly a one-horse carriage hired in a similar manner.
    • 1897, Bram Stoker, Dracula, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:
      As we left the house in my fly, which had been waiting, Van Helsing said:— ‘Tonight I can sleep in peace [...].’
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      “ […] She takes the whole thing with desperate seriousness. But the others are all easy and jovial—thinking about the good fare that is soon to be eaten, about the hired fly, about anything.”
    • 1924, Ford Madox Ford, Some Do Not… (Parade's End), Penguin, published 2012, page 54:
      And, driving back in the fly, Macmaster said to himself that you couldn't call Mrs. Duchemin ordinary, at least.
    • 1941 December, “Notes and News: Timetable features of the Past”, in Railway Magazine, page 570:
      Then we read at New Southgate and Colney Hatch, that "Cabs are on stand at station from 9 a.m. to departure of last down train. Private omnibuses, flys and other conveniences can be had at short notice on application to Messrs. Walker & Son." At country stations we are often told, "a fly may be obtained on application to Mrs. Brown of the Black Dog," or some other cheery information.
    • 2023 February 22, Stephen Roberts, “Reading... between the lines... to Wales”, in RAIL, number 977, page 59:
      Chepstow is good for excursions, and Bradshaw tells me I can get a fly to Tintern Abbey, although the fare structure seems particularly complicated. Alternatively, I could go for a simpler choice and just opt for "single horse, 1s", although I doubt I'd survive to tell the tale.
    Related terms: flyman
  16. In a knitting machine, the piece hinged to the needle, which holds the engaged loop in position while the needle is penetrating another loop; a latch.[1]
  17. The pair of arms revolving around the bobbin, in a spinning wheel or spinning frame, to twist the yarn.
  18. (weaving) A shuttle driven through the shed by a blow or jerk.[2]
  19. (printing, historical) The person who took the printed sheets from the press.
  20. (printing, historical) A vibrating frame with fingers, attached to a power printing press for doing the same work.
  21. One of the upper screens of a stage in a theatre.
  22. (cotton manufacture) waste cotton
Derived terms
Translations
fly ball — see fly ball

Verb

fly (third-person singular simple present flies, present participle flying, simple past and past participle flied)

  1. (intransitive, baseball) To hit a fly ball; to hit a fly ball that is caught for an out. Compare ground (verb) and line (verb).
    Jones flied to right in his last at-bat.
Translations

Etymology 3

Uncertain; probably from the verb or noun.

Adjective

fly (comparative flier or flyer, superlative fliest or flyest)

  1. (slang, dated) Quick-witted, alert, mentally sharp.
    • 1854, Charles Dickens, “Household Words”, in Arcadia‎, volume 7, page 381:
      be assured, O man of sin—pilferer of small wares and petty larcener—that there is an eye within keenly glancing from some loophole contrived between accordions and tin breastplates that watches your every movement, and is "fly,"— to use a term peculiarly comprehensible to dishonest minds—to the slightest gesture of illegal conveyancing.
  2. (slang) Well dressed, smart in appearance; in style, cool.
    He's pretty fly.
    • 1888, Frederick Thickstun Clark, A Mexican Girl‎, page 270:
      when Ortega got fixed up in his fly duds like that, an ord'nary man's overcoat wouldn't make 'im a pair o' socks.
    • 1998, “Pretty Fly (For a White Guy)”‎performed by The Offspring:
      Give it to me, baby! Uh huh, uh huh! And all the girlies say, I’m pretty fly for a white guy.
    • 2001 September, “Super Fly”, in Vibe‎, volume 9, number 9, page 252:
      Starring the light-skinned Ron O'Neal with his shoulder-length perm and fly threads, Super Fly exudes a sense of black pride as O'Neal bucks the dope game, dismisses his white girlfriend, and beats The Man at his own hustle.
    • 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 169:
      A fly sister rolled in with a suitcase full of hip-hop novels called The Glamorous Life, and an African brother with long dreads wanted to sell them some incense and some fake Jacob watches.
    • 2012, Lindy West, Dan Savage, Christopher Frizzelle, How to Be a Person: The Stranger's Guide to College, Sex, Intoxicants, Tacos, and Life Itself‎:
      How NOT to Facebook / […] no naked pictures, no deep emotions (awkward), no tagging a bunch of people in a picture of some fly Nikes, no making dinner plans (just use a PHONE).
    • 2013, Louisa Jepson, “‘At the moment it appears I have, like 7000 girlfriends’”, in Harry Styles: Every Piece of Me, London: Simon & Schuster UK Ltd, published 2014, →ISBN, page 209:
      Harry [Styles] and Grimmy had struck up quite a friendship with Rita [Ora] and a few weeks earlier had been seen at G-A-Y for her album launch. She tweeted a picture of the trio saying: ‘Thanks for coming my little fashionistas. Looking flyer than a mofo.’
    • 2019, “Balenciaga”, performed by Princess Nokia:
      I'm so fly, I don't even try / I get so high, I can touch the sky / Dress for myself, I don't dress for hype / I dress for myself, you dress for the likes
  3. (slang) Beautiful; displaying physical beauty.
    • 1979, “We Rap More Mellow”, performed by The Younger Generation:
      [Rahiem] My name brings peace and tranquility / So all the fly ladies' hearts can run free
    • 1991, “Busy Doin Nuthin”, in I Need a Haircut, performed by Biz Markie:
      Word is bond she looked divine, she looked as fly as can be
      I thought she was different cause she was by herself
      She looked real wholesome, and in good physical health
    • 1994, “Memory Lane (Sittin’ in da Park)”, in Illmatic, performed by Nas:
      I rap for listeners, blunt heads, fly ladies and prisoners
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 4

Related to German Flügel (“a wing”), Dutch vleugel (“a wing”), Swedish flygel (“a wing”).

Noun

fly (plural flies)

  1. (rustic, Scotland, Northern England) A wing.
    The bullet barely grazed the wild fowl's fly.

References
  1. Edward H[enry] Knight (1877) “Fly”, in Knight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volumes I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC.
  2. Edward H[enry] Knight (1877) “Fly”, in Knight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volumes I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC.

Danish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈflyˀ]

Etymology 1

An abbreviation of flyvemaskine, after Norwegian fly and Swedish flyg.

Noun

fly n (singular definite flyet, plural indefinite fly)

  1. airplane, aeroplane
    Synonyms: flyvemaskine, flyver
    Hypernym: luftfartøj
Inflection
Declension of fly
neuter
gender		 Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative fly flyet fly flyene
genitive flys flyets flys flyenes
Derived terms
  • flybrændstof
  • flykatastrofe
  • flyulykke
  • fragtfly
  • krigsfly
  • papirfly
  • spionfly

Etymology 2

From Old Norse flýja (“to flee”), from Proto-Germanic *fleuhaną, cognate with English flee, German fliehen, Dutch vlieden.

Verb

fly (present flyr or flyer, past tense flyede, past participle flyet)

  1. (archaic) to flee
  2. (archaic) to shun
Conjugation
Inflection of fly
present past
simple flyr or flyer ede
perfect har et havde et
passive flys or flyes —
participle ende et
imperative [Term?] —
infinitive fly —
auxiliary verb have —
gerund en —

Etymology 3

From Middle Low German vlī(g)en (“to stack, sort out”), cognate with Dutch vlijen (“to place”), from Proto-Germanic *flīhan, of unknown ultimate origin; possibly related to the root of *flaihijan (“to be sly, to flatter”), though the semantic gap is wide.[1]

Verb

fly (present flyr or flyer, past tense flyede, past participle flyet)

  1. (archaic) to hand, give
Conjugation
Inflection of fly
present past
simple flyr or flyer ede
perfect har et havde et
passive flys or flyes —
participle ende et
imperative [Term?] —
infinitive fly —
auxiliary verb have —
gerund en —

References
  1. van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “vlijen”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /flyː/

Etymology 1

Short form of flygemaskin

Noun

fly n (definite singular flyet, indefinite plural fly, definite plural flya or flyene)

  1. plane, aeroplane (UK), airplane (US), aircraft
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse fljúga.

Alternative forms

Verb

fly (imperative fly, present tense flyr, simple past fløy, past participle flydd or fløyet)

  1. to fly
Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /flyː/

Etymology 1

Clipping of flygemaskin (“flying machine”).

Noun

fly n (definite singular flyet, indefinite plural fly, definite plural flya)

  1. plane, aeroplane (UK), airplane (US), aircraft
    Skunda deg, elles misser du flyet ditt!
    Hurry up, or you'll miss your plane!
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse fljúga, from Proto-Germanic *fleuganą.

Alternative forms

Verb

fly (present tense flyr or flyg, past tense flaug, supine floge, past participle flogen, present participle flygande, imperative fly or flyg)

  1. (intransitive) to fly (to travel through air, another gas or a vacuum, without being in contact with a grounded surface)
  2. (transitive, ergative) to cause to fly: to transport via air or the like
  3. (intransitive) to run, move fast
  4. (intransitive, chiefly about farm animals) to be in heat, rutting
Derived terms
  • flygande festning
  • flygande hund
  • flygande mare
  • flygande tallerk
  • flygande tallerken
  • flygar
  • flygebane
  • flygeblad
  • flygedyktig
  • flygeferdig
  • flygefisk
  • flygefør
  • flygehud
  • flygeidé
  • flygeleiar
  • flygelem
  • flygemaskin
  • flygemaur
  • flygeregistrator
  • flygesand
  • flygeskrift
  • flygetid
  • flygetur
  • flygeøgle

Adjective

fly (masculine and feminine fly, neuter flytt, definite singular and plural flye, comparative flyare, indefinite superlative flyast, definite superlative flyaste)

  1. very steep

Noun

fly n (definite singular flyet, indefinite plural fly, definite plural flya)

  1. a very steep cliff

Etymology 3

From Old Norse flýja, from Proto-Germanic *fleuhaną.

Verb

fly (present tense flyr, past tense flydde, past participle flytt/flydd, passive infinitive flyast, present participle flyande, imperative fly)

  1. (intransitive) to escape; flee; run away
    Synonym: flykte
  2. (transitive) to escape from

Etymology 4

Clipping of flygande (“flying”), present participle of fly.

Adverb

fly

  1. (colloquial) Used as an intensifier for the word forbanna
    Han vart fly forbanna.
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Etymology 5

Compare with flye n (“flying insect”) and English fly.

Noun

fly f (definite singular flya, indefinite plural flyer, definite plural flyene)

  1. small (flying) insect
  2. (fishing) bait

Noun

fly f (definite singular flya, indefinite plural flyer, definite plural flyene)

  1. specks
    Synonyms: rusk, grann

Noun

fly f (definite singular flya, indefinite plural flyer, definite plural flyene)

  1. mountain plateau
    Synonyms: vidde, fjellvidde

Etymology 8

Uncertain, though may be related to flyta (“to float”).

Noun

fly n (definite singular flyet, indefinite plural fly, definite plural flya)

  1. sump

Etymology 9

Related to, or possibly a doublet of flø, from Old Norse flór.

Adjective

fly (masculine and feminine fly, neuter flytt, definite singular and plural flye, comparative flyare, indefinite superlative flyast, definite superlative flyaste)

  1. tepid

References
  • “fly” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • Ivar Aasen (1850) “fly”, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog‎ (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000

Anagrams

Scots

Adjective

fly

  1. (slang, chiefly Doric) sneaky
    • 2013 November 12, Charley Buchan, Karen Barrett-Ayres, “A Fly Cup”, in Doric Voices‎, Robert Gordon University, archived from the original on 6 May 2018:
      Noo then, fa's for a fly cup?
      Now then, who's for a sneaky cup?

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish flȳia, flȳa, from Old Norse flýja, from Proto-Germanic *fleuhaną.

Pronunciation
  • audio(file)

Verb

fly (present flyr, preterite flydde, supine flytt, imperative fly)

  1. to flee, to run away, to escape
    Fångarna försökte fly från fängelset.
    The prisoners tried to escape from jail.
    Med tårarna strömmande ned för sina kinder flydde hon undan de andra tjejernas glåpord.
    With tears streaming down her cheeks, she fled the taunting words of the other girls.
  2. to pass, to go by (of time)
    • 1964, Gunnel Vallquist, title of the new Swedish translation of Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu:
      På spaning efter den tid som flytt
      In Search of Lost Time
    • 1965, Sven-Ingvars, Börja om från början:
      Varför ska man sörja tider som har flytt?
      Why should one feel sorry for times that have passed?

Conjugation
Conjugation of fly (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive fly flys
Supine flytt flytts
Imperative fly —
Imper. plural1 flyn —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative flyr flydde flys flyddes
Ind. plural1 fly flydde flys flyddes
Subjunctive2 fly flydde flys flyddes
Participles
Present participle flyende
Past participle flydd
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

See also

References
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