病

病 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大一人月 (KMOB), four-corner 0012₇, composition ⿸疒丙)

• 𤶮, 𤶯, 𤻓

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 772, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22127
• Dae Jaweon: page 1182, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2664, character 13
• Unihan data for U+75C5

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *braŋs) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 丙 (OC *pqraŋʔ) – illness. Note that 丙 also means “fire”, hence connotations of “lying feverishly in bed”.

Cognate with 怲 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs, “to worry”) (Schuessler, 2007). This may be part of larger word family including 炳 (OC *praŋʔ, “bright”) with the basic meaning of “warm; hot” (ibid.). It has also been connected with 傷 (OC *hljaŋ) (Unger, 1986).

病

1. illness; sickness; disease
2. evil; ill
3. fault; flaw
4. to fall ill; to be sick; to be ill

   我姥姥病了。  ―  Wǒ lǎolao bìng le.  ―  My grandma got sick.

5. to worry; to be anxious

   • 子曰：「君子病無能焉，不病人之不己知也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：「君子病无能焉，不病人之不己知也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Jūnzǐ bìng wúnéng yān, bù bìng rén zhī bù jǐ zhī yě.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "The superior man is distressed by his lack of ability. He is not distressed by men's not knowing him."

6. to criticize; to denounce

   詬病／诟病  ―  gòubìng  ―  to criticize

• (illness):

• (to fall ill):

Others:

• → Zhuang: bingh

• “病”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. have a disease; disease
2. being stiff and not able to move
3. difficult
4. suffer
5. make one suffer

• Go-on: びょう (byō, Jōyō)^{←びやう (byau, historical)}
• Kan-on: へい (hei, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: やむ (yamu, 病む, Jōyō); やまい (yamai, 病, Jōyō)^{←やまひ (yamafi, 病, historical)}; うれい (urei, 病)^{←うれひ (urefi, 病, historical)}

• (Tokyo) や​まい [yáꜜmàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ja̠ma̠i]

/yamapi/ → */yamawi/ → /yamai/

連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei) of Old Japanese verb 病(や)まふ (yamafu, “to suffer from a disease”), a compound of 病(や)ま (yama), the 未然形(みぜんけい) (mizenkei) of 病(や)む (yamu, “to fall ill, to become sick”), + auxiliary verb ふ (fu, indicating repetition or ongoing state).

病(やまい) • (yamai) ^{←やまひ (yamafi)?}

1. disease, illness

   彼(かれ)は病(やまい)を患(わずら)った。

   Kare wa yamai o wazuratta.

   He is affected with disease.

2. a bad habit

   彼(かれ)は人(ひと)の物(もの)をとる病(やまい)がある。

   Kare wa hito no mono o toru yamai ga aru.

   He is light-fingered.

From Middle Chinese 病 (MC bjaengH, “disease, illness”).

病(びょう) • (-byō) 

1. disease, illness

病 (eumhun 병들 병 (byeongdeul byeong))

1. Hanja form^? of 병 (“illness; disease”).

病: Hán Nôm readings: bệnh, bạnh, nạch, bịnh

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