兜

兜 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹女竹山 (HVHU), four-corner 7721₇).

• 㨮, 篼, 蔸, 𣘛, 𩮷

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1386
• Dae Jaweon: page 265, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 273, character 16
• Unihan data for U+515C

Historical forms of the character 兜
Small seal script s06217 Transcribed ancient scripts L33694 L12173 L12174 L12175
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𠑹 (“cover”) + 皃 (“head”): a helmet.

Baxter and Sagart (2014) suggests a connection to 頭 (OC *[m-t]ˤo, “head”). See there for more.

兜

1. helmet; hood
2. helmet-shaped
3. armor
4. to wrap in a bag; to encase; to carry in a wrap
5. bag; pouch; plastic bag
6. pocket
7. to pocket; to keep; to retain; to acquire dishonestly
8. to reach
9. to move around; to move in a circle

   兜嚟兜去 [Cantonese]  ―  dau¹ lai⁴ dau¹ heoi³ [Jyutping]  ―  to pace around; to walk around here and there

10. to canvass; to solicit

    兜生意  ―  dōu shēngyi  ―  to solicit business

11. to take responsibility for
12. to relate in detail
13. to peddle; to hawk
14. (Hokkien) home

    • 恁兜的爸母誰來飼？ [Hokkien, trad.]
      恁兜的爸母谁来饲？ [Hokkien, simp.]

      From: 梁智強，李國煌, 少年英雄

      Lín tau ê pē-bú siâng lâi chhī? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

      Who will provide for your parents at home?

15. (Hokkien) nearby
16. (Singapore Hokkien) place; side; location

    這兜／这兜 [Hokkien]  ―  chit-tau [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  this place; this side; this location

17. (Cantonese) flat or shallow container; flat or shallow bowl

    揸兜 [Cantonese]  ―  zaa¹ dau¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to beg on the streets (literally "to hold a shallow bowl")

    入啲餸落個兜 [Cantonese, trad.]
    入啲𩠌落个兜 [Cantonese, simp.]

    jap⁶ di¹ sung³ lok⁶ go³ dau¹ [Jyutping]

    put the food into the container

18. (Cantonese) to contain; to hold in a container; to hold with one's hand(s) in a horizontal positional

    快啲搵個嘢嚟兜住啲水，等佢唔好再滴落嚟！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    快啲揾个嘢嚟兜住啲水，等佢唔好再滴落嚟！ [Cantonese, simp.]

    faai³ di¹ wan² go³ je⁵ lai⁴ dau¹ zyu⁶ di¹ seoi², dang² keoi⁵ m⁴ hou² zoi³ dik⁶ lok⁶ lai⁴! [Jyutping]

    Quickly find something that could hold the water, so that it won't drip ever again!

19. (Cantonese) to make a detour; to bypass; to deviate
20. (Cantonese, of routes or journeys) indirect; lengthy; with detours or deviations
21. (Cantonese) to explain one's way out of a bad situation

    你講到咁離譜，而家點兜都兜唔返。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    你讲到咁离谱，而家点兜都兜唔返。 [Cantonese, simp.]

    nei⁵ gong² dou³ gam³ lei⁴ pou², ji⁴ gaa¹ dim² dau¹ dou¹ dau¹ m⁴ faan¹. [Jyutping]

    You've gone too far with what you said. There's no way to get it right.

22. (Cantonese) Classifier for things put in a flat or shallow container.

    兩兜冷飯／两兜冷饭 [Cantonese]  ―  loeng⁵ dau¹ laang⁵ faan⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  two containers of leftover rice

23. (Cantonese) to scoop with a flat or shallow container
24. (Cantonese) to hit with one's limbs, in a curved trajectory; to slap (someone); to kick

    兜巴星 [Cantonese]  ―  dau¹ baa¹ sing¹ [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• (pocket): 口袋 (kǒudai), 衣袋 (yīdài), 衣兜 (yīdōu)
• (bag): (Hokkien) 袋仔 (tē-á)
• (to move in a circle): 繞／绕 (rào)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

兜

1. (Hakka) some; a few; a little; a bit (an indefinite amount)
2. (Hakka) Plural marker for pronouns.

• (plural marker for pronouns): 們／们 (men); (Cantonese) 哋; (Hakka, Literal) 等; (Min Nan) 儂

• (Min Nan pronunciation audio) “Entry #6941”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

• Go-on: つ (tsu); と (to)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kun: かぶと (kabuto, 兜)

兜 (kabuto): a traditional Japanese helmet.

From Old Japanese. Found in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE with the reading kaputo.[1]

Derivation currently unknown.

• A surface analysis might suggest a derivation from 被る (kaburu, “to wear something on the head”). However, that reading derives from older form kagafuru and does not appear until 850,[1] some time after the first appearance of kabuto.

• An alternative analysis might suggest a compound of 頭 (kabu, “head”, kun'yomi and native Japanese term) +‎ 兜 (to, “helmet”, on'yomi and borrowing from Chinese). However, the “head” sense with the kabu reading does not appear until near the end of the Muromachi period.[1]

• Word-medial bilabial plosives usually underwent lenition, shifting along the lines of /p/ → /f/ → /w/, then vanishing altogether except where the following vowel was /a/. This lenition often did not happen at morpheme boundaries in compound words. The persistence of the /b/ in kabuto might thus suggest that this term was originally a compound of ka + puto. The ka element is uncertain, possibly the か (ka-) intensifying prefix added to adjectives; Old Japanese puto would be the stem and root of modern 太い (futoi, “thick; fat; stout”), possibly in reference to the protective strength provided by a helmet. This puto would then have undergone rendaku (連濁) to become buto.

Compare the phonology of adjective か細い (kabosoi, “very slender”), composed of this ka- prefix and adjective 細い (hosoi, ancient pososi) and demonstrating a similar retention of the bilabial plosive and rendaku (連濁).

• (Tokyo) か​ぶと [káꜜbùtò] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠bɯ̟ᵝto̞]

兜(かぶと) • (kabuto) 

1. helmet

• 兜(かぶと)合(あ)わせ (kabutoawase, “frot”)

兜 (eum 두 (du))

1. (투구 두, tugu-): helmet (especially, made of iron)

• 冑 (주, ju)

• 甲 (갑, gap) armor

兜: Hán Nôm readings: đâu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.