quivis

Latin

Etymology

From quī +‎ vīs.

Pronoun

quīvīs (feminine quaevīs, neuter quidvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

  1. whoever you will, anyone, anything
  2. whatever (you will), whatsoever

Declension

Relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative quīvīs quaevīs quidvīs quīvīs1 quaevīs
Genitive cuiusvīs1 quōrunvīs
quōrumvīs		 quārunvīs
quārumvīs		 quōrunvīs
quōrumvīs
Dative cuivīs1 quibusvīs
quīsvīs1
Accusative quenvīs
quemvīs		 quanvīs
quamvīs		 quidvīs quōsvīs quāsvīs quaevīs
Ablative quōvīs quāvīs quōvīs quibusvīs
quīsvīs1

1In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).

Determiner

quīvis (feminine quaevīs, neuter quodvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

  1. whichever, whatever (person or thing)

Usage notes
  • The pronoun is used in place of a noun, while the determiner is used in place of an adjective (e.g. whichever man, whatever speech). The declensions differ only in the neuter nominative/accusative singular: quidvīs as a pronoun, quodvīs as a determiner.

Declension

Relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative quīvis quaevīs quodvīs quīvīs1 quaevīs
Genitive cuiusvīs1 quōrunvīs
quōrumvīs		 quārunvīs
quārumvīs		 quōrunvīs
quōrumvīs
Dative cuivīs1 quibusvīs
quīsvīs1
Accusative quenvīs
quemvīs		 quanvīs
quamvīs		 quodvīs quōsvīs quāsvīs quaevīs
Ablative quōvīs quāvīs quōvīs quibusvīs
quīsvīs1

1In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).

Latin correlatives (edit)
typedemonstrativeanaphoricidentityinterrogative/
relative		indefinitenegativeother
proximalmedialdistalrelativeindefiniteuniversalfree choicenegative polarity
basic hiciste, isticille, illicisipse, īdemquis/quīquisquis, quīcumquequis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiamquisquequīvis, quīlibetquisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquamnēmō, nihil, nūllusalius
dual uterutercumquealteruteruterqueutervīs, uterlibetneuteralter
place hīcistīcillīcibī̆ibī̆demubī̆ubiubi, ubī̆cumquealicubī, uspiamubīqueubivīs, ubilibetusquamnusquam, nūllibīalibī, aliās
source hincistincillincindeindidemundeundecumque, undeundealicundeundique°undelibetaliunde
destination hūc, °hōrsumistūc, °istōrsumillūc, °illōrsumeōeōdemquō, quōrsumquōquō, quōcumquealiquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsumquōvīs, quōlibetquōquamnusquam, nūllōrsumaliō, aliōrsum
method,
means,
path,
place		 hācistācillāceāeādemquāquāquā, quācumquealiquāquāquequāvīs, quālibetnēquāquam, haudquāquamaliā
manner hōc modōistō modōillō modōita, sīc,
eō modō		item, itidemut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodumutut, utcumque, quōmodocumquequī, quōdam modō, aliquō modōutiquequōmodolibetūllō modōnūllō modōaliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time num, nuncōlimtum, tuncsimulquandō, ‡cumcumque, quandōcumque, quandōquequondam, aliquandōquandōquequandōlibetumquamnumquamaliās
quantity tam†tamen, †tandemquam†quamquamaliquamquamvīs, quamlibet
size tantustantusdemquantusquantuscumquealiquantusquantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality tālisquālisquālis, quāliscumquealiquālisquālislibet
number tottotidemquotquotquot, quotcumquealiquotquotlibet
order totusquotusquotuscumquealiquotusquotuslibet
repetition totiēnsquotiēnsquotiēnscumquealiquotiēnsquotiēnslibet
multiplication totuplexquotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated
° Rare
‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

See also

References
  • “quivis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “quivis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • quivis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • all learned men: omnes docti, quivis doctus, doctissimus quisque

Portuguese

Noun

quivis

  1. plural of quivi
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.