perder
Asturian
Related terms
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese perder, from Latin perdere, present active infinitive of perdō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [peɾˈðer]
Verb
perder (first-person singular present perdo, first-person singular preterite perdín, past participle perdido)
perder (first-person singular present perdo or perco, first-person singular preterite perdim or perdi, past participle perdido, reintegrationist norm)
- (transitive, intransitive) to lose
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to get lost
- (transitive, figurative) to waste or spoil
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, figurative) to waste or spoil
Conjugation
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
- perder a razón
- perder de vista
- perder o tempo
References
- “perder” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “perder” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “perder” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “perder” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “perder” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Further reading
- “perder”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
Interlingua
Conjugation
infinitive | perder | ||
---|---|---|---|
participle | present | perfect | |
perdente | perdite | ||
active | simple | perfect | |
present | perde | ha perdite | |
past | perdeva | habeva perdite | |
future | perdera | habera perdite | |
conditional | perderea | haberea perdite | |
imperative | perde | ||
passive | simple | perfect | |
present | es perdite | ha essite perdite | |
past | esseva perdite | habeva essite perdite | |
future | essera perdite | habera essite perdite | |
conditional | esserea perdite | haberea essite perdite | |
imperative | sia perdite |
Antonyms
- ganar (verb)
- conciliar se (verb)
Ladin
Alternative forms
Conjugation
- Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | perder, perde | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | avei | gerund | perdan | |||
past participle | perdù | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | ie | tu | el / ela | nos | vos | ei / eles |
present | perde | perdes | perd | perdon | perdeis | perd |
imperfect | perdove | perdoves | perdova | perdovan | perdovais | perdova |
future | perdaré | perdaras | perdarà | perdaron | perdareis | perdarà |
subjunctive | che ie | che tu | che el / ela | che nos | che vos | che ei / eles |
present | perde | perdes | perde | perdon | perdeis | perde |
imperfect | perdesse | perdesses | perdessa | perdessan | perdessais | perdessa |
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – |
— | perd | — | perdon | perdede | — |
Lombard
Alternative forms
- perd (Classical Milanese Orthography)
Pronunciation
- (Milanese) IPA(key): /pɛrd/
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese perder, from Latin perdere. The first person singular form in the present indicative and all forms of the present subjunctive and commands (except the second person informal affirmative commands) have an analogous change from D to C (expected "perdo" instead of "perco," for example).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /peʁˈde(ʁ)/ [peɦˈde(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /peɾˈde(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /peʁˈde(ʁ)/ [peʁˈde(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peɻˈde(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨɾˈdeɾ/ [pɨɾˈðeɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨɾˈde.ɾi/ [pɨɾˈðe.ɾi]
- Hyphenation: per‧der
Verb
perder (first-person singular present perco, first-person singular preterite perdi, past participle perdido)
- to lose (an object, a job, interest etc.)
- Perdi minha entrada.
- I've lost my ticket.
- to lose (to be defeated in a match, an election etc.)
- to miss (an opportunity, a train or bus etc.)
- Perdi meu trem.
- I missed my train.
- to waste (time)
- Synonym: desperdiçar
- Perdemos muito tempo.
- We wasted a lot of time.
- (Internet slang) to laugh a lot or to find something funny
- Perdi quando ela começou a cantar!
- I lost it when she started to sing!
- (reflexive) to get lost (to become lost)
Conjugation
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:perder.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Further reading
- “perder” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish perder, inherited from Latin perdere, whence also English perdition.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peɾˈdeɾ/ [peɾˈð̞eɾ]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: per‧der
Verb
perder (first-person singular present pierdo, first-person singular preterite perdí, past participle perdido)
Conjugation
infinitive | perder | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | perdiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | perdido | perdida | |||||
plural | perdidos | perdidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | pierdo | pierdestú perdésvos |
pierde | perdemos | perdéis | pierden | |
imperfect | perdía | perdías | perdía | perdíamos | perdíais | perdían | |
preterite | perdí | perdiste | perdió | perdimos | perdisteis | perdieron | |
future | perderé | perderás | perderá | perderemos | perderéis | perderán | |
conditional | perdería | perderías | perdería | perderíamos | perderíais | perderían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | pierda | pierdastú perdásvos2 |
pierda | perdamos | perdáis | pierdan | |
imperfect (ra) |
perdiera | perdieras | perdiera | perdiéramos | perdierais | perdieran | |
imperfect (se) |
perdiese | perdieses | perdiese | perdiésemos | perdieseis | perdiesen | |
future1 | perdiere | perdieres | perdiere | perdiéremos | perdiereis | perdieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | pierdetú perdévos |
pierda | perdamos | perded | pierdan | ||
negative | no pierdas | no pierda | no perdamos | no perdáis | no pierdan |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive perder | |||||||
dative | perderme | perderte | perderle, perderse | perdernos | perderos | perderles, perderse | |
accusative | perderme | perderte | perderlo, perderla, perderse | perdernos | perderos | perderlos, perderlas, perderse | |
with gerund perdiendo | |||||||
dative | perdiéndome | perdiéndote | perdiéndole, perdiéndose | perdiéndonos | perdiéndoos | perdiéndoles, perdiéndose | |
accusative | perdiéndome | perdiéndote | perdiéndolo, perdiéndola, perdiéndose | perdiéndonos | perdiéndoos | perdiéndolos, perdiéndolas, perdiéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pierde | |||||||
dative | piérdeme | piérdete | piérdele | piérdenos | not used | piérdeles | |
accusative | piérdeme | piérdete | piérdelo, piérdela | piérdenos | not used | piérdelos, piérdelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative perdé | |||||||
dative | perdeme | perdete | perdele | perdenos | not used | perdeles | |
accusative | perdeme | perdete | perdelo, perdela | perdenos | not used | perdelos, perdelas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative pierda | |||||||
dative | piérdame | not used | piérdale, piérdase | piérdanos | not used | piérdales | |
accusative | piérdame | not used | piérdalo, piérdala, piérdase | piérdanos | not used | piérdalos, piérdalas | |
with first-person plural imperative perdamos | |||||||
dative | not used | perdámoste | perdámosle | perdámonos | perdámoos | perdámosles | |
accusative | not used | perdámoste | perdámoslo, perdámosla | perdámonos | perdámoos | perdámoslos, perdámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative perded | |||||||
dative | perdedme | not used | perdedle | perdednos | perdeos | perdedles | |
accusative | perdedme | not used | perdedlo, perdedla | perdednos | perdeos | perdedlos, perdedlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative pierdan | |||||||
dative | piérdanme | not used | piérdanle | piérdannos | not used | piérdanles, piérdanse | |
accusative | piérdanme | not used | piérdanlo, piérdanla | piérdannos | not used | piérdanlos, piérdanlas, piérdanse |
Antonyms
- ganar (verb)
Derived terms
- al jugar y perder, pagar y callar
- donde Cristo perdió el boli
- echar a perder
- el que fue a Melipilla perdió su silla
- eslabón perdido
- ganapierde
- hablar de bueyes perdidos
- hasta perderse de vista
- jugar y nunca perder no puede ser
- llevar las de perder
- más se perdió en Cuba
- no perder comba
- no perder punto
- no perder ripio
- no se perderá
- perdedor (noun)
- perder aceite
- perder con buenas cartas
- perder el alma
- perder el color
- perder el comer
- perder el compás
- perder el culo
- perder el norte
- perder el oremus
- perder el tiempo
- perder el último tren
- perder fuelle
- perder gas
- perder la brújula
- perder la cabeza (“to lose one's mind”)
- perder la chaveta
- perder la cuenta
- perder los estribos
- perder los papeles
- perder peso
- perder un tornillo
- pérdida
- perdido
- perdimiento
- quien va a Sevilla pierde su silla
- tener las de perder
- tener mal perder
Further reading
- “perder”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014