estorbar
Galician
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese estorvar, probably from the earlier destorvar, from Latin disturbāre, present active infinitive of disturbō,[1] or less likely from Latin exturbō, exturbāre (“drive out”). Compare Portuguese estorvar, Spanish estorbar, also Catalan and Occitan destorbar, Old French destorbar. Possibly a doublet of disturbar, a borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [estoɾˈβaɾ]
Verb
estorbar (first-person singular present estorbo, first-person singular preterite estorbei, past participle estorbado)
- (transitive) to obstruct, hinder, impede
- 1344, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 192:
- que prometades a seer hy boo herdeyro et que me ajudedes et me non estoruedes
- that you promise to be hence a good heir and that you will help me and won't hinder me
- que prometades a seer hy boo herdeyro et que me ajudedes et me non estoruedes
- 1344, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 192:
- (intransitive) to be in the way
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | ||||||
Personal | ||||||
Gerund | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | ||||||
Feminine | ||||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | ||||||
Imperfect | ||||||
Preterite | ||||||
Pluperfect | ||||||
Future | ||||||
Conditional | ||||||
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | ||||||
Imperfect | ||||||
Future | ||||||
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | ||||||
Negative (non) | non estorbes | non estorbe | non estorbemos | non estorbedes | non estorben |
Derived terms
References
- “destorvar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “estoru” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “estorbar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “estorbar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “estorbar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “estorbar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish, probably from the earlier destorvar, from Latin disturbāre,[1] or less likely from Latin exturbāre (“drive out”). Compare Portuguese estorvar, also Catalan destorbar, Occitan destorbar, Old French destorbar. Possibly a doublet of disturbar, a borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /estoɾˈbaɾ/ [es.t̪oɾˈβ̞aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: es‧tor‧bar
Verb
estorbar (first-person singular present estorbo, first-person singular preterite estorbé, past participle estorbado)
Conjugation
infinitive | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | |||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | |||||||
plural | |||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | vos |
tú||||||
imperfect | |||||||
preterite | |||||||
future | |||||||
conditional | |||||||
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | vos2 |
tú||||||
imperfect (ra) |
|||||||
imperfect (se) |
|||||||
future1 | |||||||
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | vos |
tú||||||
negative | no estorbes | no estorbe | no estorbemos | no estorbéis | no estorben |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive | |||||||
dative | , | , | |||||
accusative | , , | , , | |||||
with gerund | |||||||
dative | , | , | |||||
accusative | , , | , , | |||||
with informal second-person singular tú imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | , | not used | , | ||||
with informal second-person singular vos imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | , | not used | , | ||||
with formal second-person singular imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | , | not used | ||||
accusative | not used | , , | not used | , | |||
with first-person plural imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | not used | , | , | ||||
with informal second-person plural imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | not used | , | , | ||||
with formal second-person plural imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | not used | , | ||||
accusative | not used | , | not used | , , |
Derived terms
- estorbador
- estorboso
Related terms
See also
References
- Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “estorbar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014