dala
English
Noun
dala (plural dala)
- (historical) The currency of Hawaii between 1847 and 1898, equal to the United States dollar.
- 2018, Todd A. Watkins, Introduction to Microfinance:
- My mother kept a dollar bill in Hawaiian currency—a dala—given to her as a souvenir of her brother's service in the army.
See also
- dala dala (etymologically unrelated)
Azerbaijani
Etymology
From dative of dal.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɑˈɫɑ]
Audio (file)
Further reading
- “dala” in Obastan.com.
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈdala]
Participle
dala
- inflection of dát:
- feminine singular past active participle
- neuter plural past active participle
Galician
Alternative forms
Etymology
Cognate of French dalle (“slab”), probably from Old French rather than from Suevic or Gothic,[1] ultimately from Proto-Germanic *daljō (“dell”), from *dalą (“valley”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰel- (“an arch, vaulting, curve, curvature, cavity”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdala̝/
Noun
dala f (plural dalas)
References
- “adala” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “dala” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “dala” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- Rivas Quintas, Eligio (2015). Dicionario etimolóxico da lingua galega. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo. →ISBN, s.v. dala.
Hausa
Noun
dalā̀ f (plural dalōlī, possessed form dalàr̃)
Hiligaynon
Etymology
From Sanskrit धरति (dharati, “to hold”)[1] with the root धृ (dhṛ) but without the -ति (-ti) suffix, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰárati with the root *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, thematic present of *dʰer- (“to hold”). Compare Bikol Central dara, Cebuano dala,[2] Tagalog dala, Kapampangan dala, Assamese ধৰা (dhora), Bengali ধরা (dhora), Odia ଧରିବା (dhôriba).
References
- Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 278
- Jose G. Kuizon (1964) The Sanskrit Loan-Words in the Cebuano-Bisayan Language, Cebu City: University of San Carlos, page 120
Hiri Motu
Etymology
From Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈdɒlɒ]
- Hyphenation: da‧la
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | dala | — |
accusative | dalát | — |
dative | dalának | — |
instrumental | dalával | — |
causal-final | daláért | — |
translative | dalává | — |
terminative | daláig | — |
essive-formal | dalaként | — |
essive-modal | dalául | — |
inessive | dalában | — |
superessive | dalán | — |
adessive | dalánál | — |
illative | dalába | — |
sublative | dalára | — |
allative | dalához | — |
elative | dalából | — |
delative | daláról | — |
ablative | dalától | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
daláé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
daláéi | — |
Icelandic
Verb
dala (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative dalaði, supine dalað)
- to worsen, to deteriorate
Conjugation
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að dala | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
dalað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
dalandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég dala | við dölum | present (nútíð) |
ég dali | við dölum |
þú dalar | þið dalið | þú dalir | þið dalið | ||
hann, hún, það dalar | þeir, þær, þau dala | hann, hún, það dali | þeir, þær, þau dali | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég dalaði | við döluðum | past (þátíð) |
ég dalaði | við döluðum |
þú dalaðir | þið döluðuð | þú dalaðir | þið döluðuð | ||
hann, hún, það dalaði | þeir, þær, þau döluðu | hann, hún, það dalaði | þeir, þær, þau döluðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
dala (þú) | dalið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
dalaðu | daliði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að dalast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
dalast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
dalandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég dalast | við dölumst | present (nútíð) |
ég dalist | við dölumst |
þú dalast | þið dalist | þú dalist | þið dalist | ||
hann, hún, það dalast | þeir, þær, þau dalast | hann, hún, það dalist | þeir, þær, þau dalist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég dalaðist | við döluðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég dalaðist | við döluðumst |
þú dalaðist | þið döluðust | þú dalaðist | þið döluðust | ||
hann, hún, það dalaðist | þeir, þær, þau döluðust | hann, hún, það dalaðist | þeir, þær, þau döluðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
dalast (þú) | dalist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
dalastu | dalisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
dalaður | döluð | dalað | dalaðir | dalaðar | döluð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
dalaðan | dalaða | dalað | dalaða | dalaðar | döluð | |
dative (þágufall) |
döluðum | dalaðri | döluðu | döluðum | döluðum | döluðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
dalaðs | dalaðrar | dalaðs | dalaðra | dalaðra | dalaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
dalaði | dalaða | dalaða | döluðu | döluðu | döluðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
dalaða | döluðu | dalaða | döluðu | döluðu | döluðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
dalaða | döluðu | dalaða | döluðu | döluðu | döluðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
dalaða | döluðu | dalaða | döluðu | döluðu | döluðu |
Further reading
- “dala” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
Kapampangan
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Sanskrit धरति (dharati, “to hold”)[1] with the root धृ (dhṛ) but without the -ति (-ti) suffix, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰárati with the root *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, thematic present of *dʰer- (“to hold”). Compare Bikol Central dara, Cebuano dala,[2] Tagalog dala, Assamese ধৰা (dhora), Bengali ধরা (dhora), Odia ଧରିବା (dhôriba).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dəˈla/, [dəˈlä]
- Hyphenation: da‧la
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dəˈlaʔ/, [dəˈläʔ]
- Hyphenation: da‧la
Derived terms
- ikarala
- iparala
- madala
- makarala
- mangarala
- pangarala
- peparala
Noun
dalâ
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdalə/, [ˈdäː.lə]
- Hyphenation: da‧la
References
- Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 278
- Jose G. Kuizon (1964) The Sanskrit Loan-Words in the Cebuano-Bisayan Language, Cebu City: University of San Carlos, page 120
Latvian
Limos Kalinga
Northern Ndebele
Inflection
Adjective concord | ||
---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |
1st singular | engimdala | ngimdala |
2nd singular | omdala | umdala |
1st plural | esibadala | sibadala |
2nd plural | elibadala | libadala |
Class 1 | omdala | mdala |
Class 2 | abadala | badala |
Class 3 | omdala | mdala |
Class 4 | emidala | midala |
Class 5 | elidala | lidala |
Class 6 | amadala | madala |
Class 7 | esidala | sidala |
Class 8 | ezindala | zindala |
Class 9 | endala | indala |
Class 10 | ezindala | zindala |
Class 11 | oludala | ludala |
Class 14 | obudala | budala |
Class 15 | okudala | kudala |
Class 17 | okudala | kudala |
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Old English
Pangasinan
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀaq; cognate with Ilocano dara.
Phuthi
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
Relative concord, tone LH | ||
---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |
1st singular | legidala | gidala |
2nd singular | lodala | udala |
1st plural | lesidala | sidala |
2nd plural | lelidala | lidala |
Class 1 | lodala | udala |
Class 2 | labadala | badala |
Class 3 | lodala | udala |
Class 4 | ledala | idala |
Class 5 | lelidala | lidala |
Class 6 | ladala | adala |
Class 7 | lesidala | sidala |
Class 8 | letidala | tidala |
Class 9 | ledala | idala |
Class 10 | letidala | tidala |
Class 14 | lobudala | budala |
Class 15 | lokudala | kudala |
Class 17 | lokudala | kudala |
Southern Ndebele
Inflection
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
Sranan Tongo
Swedish
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
dala (present dalar, preterite dalade, supine dalat, imperative dala)
- to move down, sink
- to go down (e.g. of stock)
Conjugation
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | dala | dalas | ||
Supine | dalat | dalats | ||
Imperative | dala | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | dalen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | dalar | dalade | dalas | dalades |
Ind. plural1 | dala | dalade | dalas | dalades |
Subjunctive2 | dale | dalade | dales | dalades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | dalande | |||
Past participle | dalad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
References
Tagalog
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Sanskrit धरति (dharati, “to hold”)[1] with the root धृ (dhṛ) but without the -ति (-ti) suffix, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰárati with the root *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, thematic present of *dʰer- (“to hold”). Compare Kapampangan dala, Bikol Central dara, Cebuano dala,[2] Tausug dā, Assamese ধৰা (dhora), Bengali ধরা (dhora), Odia ଧରିବା (dhôriba).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /daˈla/ [dɐˈla]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: da‧la
Noun
dalá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)
Derived terms
- dala-dala
- dala-dalahan
- dala-dalahin
- dalang-galit
- dalang-hiya
- dalang-sabi
- dalang-tao
- dalhan
- dalhin
- ipadala
- ipagdala
- madala
- magdala
- magdalang-tao
- magpadala
- nagdadalang-tao
- padala
- padalahang-liham
- padalhan
- pagdadala
- pagdadalang-tao
- pagdadalhan
- pagpapadala
- tagadala
- tagapagdala
Adjective
dalá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)
- carried along; brought; taken away
- (figurative) brought about; caused (by something aforementioned)
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈdala/ [ˈda.lɐ]
- Rhymes: -ala
- Syllabification: da‧la
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Malay jera (“deterred; warned by experience”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zəʀa.[4]
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /daˈlaʔ/ [dɐˈlaʔ]
- Rhymes: -aʔ
- Syllabification: da‧la
Adjective
dalâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)
Derived terms
- dalaan
- dalain
- madala
Noun
dalâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)
References
- Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 278
- Jose G. Kuizon (1964) The Sanskrit Loan-Words in the Cebuano-Bisayan Language, Cebu City: University of San Carlos, page 120
- Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 70 & 278
- Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2010–) “*zeRa”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
Venetian
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdala/
- Rhymes: -ala
Conjugation
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | dala i, dalaf i | dali di | dalith o/e/hi, daliff e/hi | dalwn ni | dalwch chi | dalan nhw |
conditional | dalwn i, dalswn i | dalet ti, dalset ti | dalai fo/fe/hi, dalsai fo/fe/hi | dalen ni, dalsen ni | dalech chi, dalsech chi | dalen nhw, dalsen nhw |
preterite | dalais i, dales i | dalaist ti, dalest ti | dalodd o/e/hi | dalon ni | daloch chi | dalon nhw |
imperative | — | dala | — | — | dalwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈdala/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈdaːla/, /ˈdala/
Wolio
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɗala/
References
- Anceaux, Johannes C. (1987) Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia), Dordrecht: Foris
Xhosa
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
Adjective concord | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |||
positive | negative | positive | negative | |
1st singular | endimdala | endingemdala | ndimdala | andimdala |
2nd singular | omdala | ongemdala | umdala | awumdala |
1st plural | esibadala | esingebadala | sibadala | asibadala |
2nd plural | enibadala | eningebadala | nibadala | anibadala |
Class 1 | omdala | ongemdala | mdala | akamdala |
Class 2 | abadala | abangebadala | badala | ababadala |
Class 3 | omdala | ongemdala | mdala | awumdala |
Class 4 | emidala | engemidala | midala | ayimidala |
Class 5 | elidala | elingelidala | lidala | alilidala |
Class 6 | amadala | angemadala | madala | awamadala |
Class 7 | esidala | esingesidala | sidala | asisidala |
Class 8 | ezindala | ezingezindala | zindala | azizindala |
Class 9 | endala | engendala | indala | ayiyindala |
Class 10 | ezindala | ezingezindala | zindala | azizindala |
Class 11 | oludala | olungeludala | ludala | aluludala |
Class 14 | obudala | obungebudala | budala | abubudala |
Class 15 | okudala | okungekudala | kudala | akukudala |
Class 17 | okudala | okungekudala | kudala | akukudala |
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
Adjective concord, tone H | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |||
positive | negative | positive | negative | |
1st singular | engimdala | engingemdala | ngimdala | angimdala |
2nd singular | omdala | ongemdala | umdala | awumdala |
1st plural | esibadala | esingebadala | sibadala | asibadala |
2nd plural | enibadala | eningebadala | nibadala | anibadala |
Class 1 | omdala | ongemdala | mdala | akamdala |
Class 2 | abadala | abangebadala | badala | ababadala |
Class 3 | omdala | ongemdala | mdala | awumdala |
Class 4 | emidala | engemidala | midala | ayimidala |
Class 5 | elidala | elingelidala | lidala | alilidala |
Class 6 | amadala | angemadala | madala | awamadala |
Class 7 | esidala | esingesidala | sidala | asisidala |
Class 8 | ezindala | ezingezindala | zindala | azizindala |
Class 9 | endala | engendala, engeyindala | indala, yindala | ayiyindala |
Class 10 | ezindala | ezingezindala | zindala | azizindala |
Class 11 | oludala | olungeludala | ludala | aluludala |
Class 14 | obudala | obungebudala | budala | abubudala |
Class 15 | okudala | okungekudala | kudala | akukudala |
Class 17 | okudala | okungekudala | kudala | akukudala |
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukudala | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukudala | ukungadali | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | dala | -dale | |||||||
Plural | dalani | -daleni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyadala, ngidala | engidalayo, engidala | ngidala | angidali | engingadali | ngingadali | |||
2nd singular | uyadala, udala | odalayo, odala | udala | awudali | ongadali | ungadali | |||
1st plural | siyadala, sidala | esidalayo, esidala | sidala | asidali | esingadali | singadali | |||
2nd plural | niyadala, nidala | enidalayo, enidala | nidala | anidali | eningadali | ningadali | |||
Class 1 | uyadala, udala | odalayo, odala | edala | akadali | ongadali | engadali | |||
Class 2 | bayadala, badala | abadalayo, abadala | bedala | abadali | abangadali | bengadali | |||
Class 3 | uyadala, udala | odalayo, odala | udala | awudali | ongadali | ungadali | |||
Class 4 | iyadala, idala | edalayo, edala | idala | ayidali | engadali | ingadali | |||
Class 5 | liyadala, lidala | elidalayo, elidala | lidala | alidali | elingadali | lingadali | |||
Class 6 | ayadala, adala | adalayo, adala | edala | awadali | angadali | engadali | |||
Class 7 | siyadala, sidala | esidalayo, esidala | sidala | asidali | esingadali | singadali | |||
Class 8 | ziyadala, zidala | ezidalayo, ezidala | zidala | azidali | ezingadali | zingadali | |||
Class 9 | iyadala, idala | edalayo, edala | idala | ayidali | engadali | ingadali | |||
Class 10 | ziyadala, zidala | ezidalayo, ezidala | zidala | azidali | ezingadali | zingadali | |||
Class 11 | luyadala, ludala | oludalayo, oludala | ludala | aludali | olungadali | lungadali | |||
Class 14 | buyadala, budala | obudalayo, obudala | budala | abudali | obungadali | bungadali | |||
Class 15 | kuyadala, kudala | okudalayo, okudala | kudala | akudali | okungadali | kungadali | |||
Class 17 | kuyadala, kudala | okudalayo, okudala | kudala | akudali | okungadali | kungadali | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngidalile, ngidalē | engidalile, engidalē | ngidalile, ngidalē | angidalanga | engingadalanga | ngingadalanga | |||
2nd singular | udalile, udalē | odalile, odalē | udalile, udalē | awudalanga | ongadalanga | ungadalanga | |||
1st plural | sidalile, sidalē | esidalile, esidalē | sidalile, sidalē | asidalanga | esingadalanga | singadalanga | |||
2nd plural | nidalile, nidalē | enidalile, enidalē | nidalile, nidalē | anidalanga | eningadalanga | ningadalanga | |||
Class 1 | udalile, udalē | odalile, odalē | edalile, edalē | akadalanga | ongadalanga | engadalanga | |||
Class 2 | badalile, badalē | abadalile, abadalē | bedalile, bedalē | abadalanga | abangadalanga | bengadalanga | |||
Class 3 | udalile, udalē | odalile, odalē | udalile, udalē | awudalanga | ongadalanga | ungadalanga | |||
Class 4 | idalile, idalē | edalile, edalē | idalile, idalē | ayidalanga | engadalanga | ingadalanga | |||
Class 5 | lidalile, lidalē | elidalile, elidalē | lidalile, lidalē | alidalanga | elingadalanga | lingadalanga | |||
Class 6 | adalile, adalē | adalile, adalē | edalile, edalē | awadalanga | angadalanga | engadalanga | |||
Class 7 | sidalile, sidalē | esidalile, esidalē | sidalile, sidalē | asidalanga | esingadalanga | singadalanga | |||
Class 8 | zidalile, zidalē | ezidalile, ezidalē | zidalile, zidalē | azidalanga | ezingadalanga | zingadalanga | |||
Class 9 | idalile, idalē | edalile, edalē | idalile, idalē | ayidalanga | engadalanga | ingadalanga | |||
Class 10 | zidalile, zidalē | ezidalile, ezidalē | zidalile, zidalē | azidalanga | ezingadalanga | zingadalanga | |||
Class 11 | ludalile, ludalē | oludalile, oludalē | ludalile, ludalē | aludalanga | olungadalanga | lungadalanga | |||
Class 14 | budalile, budalē | obudalile, obudalē | budalile, budalē | abudalanga | obungadalanga | bungadalanga | |||
Class 15 | kudalile, kudalē | okudalile, okudalē | kudalile, kudalē | akudalanga | okungadalanga | kungadalanga | |||
Class 17 | kudalile, kudalē | okudalile, okudalē | kudalile, kudalē | akudalanga | okungadalanga | kungadalanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngādala | engādala | ngādala | angidalanga | engingadalanga | ngingadalanga | |||
2nd singular | wādala | owādala | wādala | awudalanga | ongadalanga | ungadalanga | |||
1st plural | sādala | esādala | sādala | asidalanga | esingadalanga | singadalanga | |||
2nd plural | nādala | enādala | nādala | anidalanga | eningadalanga | ningadalanga | |||
Class 1 | wādala | owādala | ādala | akadalanga | ongadalanga | engadalanga | |||
Class 2 | bādala | abādala | bādala | abadalanga | abangadalanga | bengadalanga | |||
Class 3 | wādala | owādala | wādala | awudalanga | ongadalanga | ungadalanga | |||
Class 4 | yādala | eyādala | yādala | ayidalanga | engadalanga | ingadalanga | |||
Class 5 | lādala | elādala | lādala | alidalanga | elingadalanga | lingadalanga | |||
Class 6 | ādala | ādala | ādala | awadalanga | angadalanga | engadalanga | |||
Class 7 | sādala | esādala | sādala | asidalanga | esingadalanga | singadalanga | |||
Class 8 | zādala | ezādala | zādala | azidalanga | ezingadalanga | zingadalanga | |||
Class 9 | yādala | eyādala | yādala | ayidalanga | engadalanga | ingadalanga | |||
Class 10 | zādala | ezādala | zādala | azidalanga | ezingadalanga | zingadalanga | |||
Class 11 | lwādala | olwādala | lwādala | aludalanga | olungadalanga | lungadalanga | |||
Class 14 | bādala | obādala | bādala | abudalanga | obungadalanga | bungadalanga | |||
Class 15 | kwādala | okwādala | kwādala | akudalanga | okungadalanga | kungadalanga | |||
Class 17 | kwādala | okwādala | kwādala | akudalanga | okungadalanga | kungadalanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingadala | — | ngingadala | ngingedale | — | ngingedale | |||
2nd singular | ungadala | — | ungadala | ungedale | — | ungedale | |||
1st plural | singadala | — | singadala | singedale | — | singedale | |||
2nd plural | ningadala | — | ningadala | ningedale | — | ningedale | |||
Class 1 | angadala | — | engadala | angedale | — | engedale | |||
Class 2 | bangadala | — | bengadala | bangedale | — | bengedale | |||
Class 3 | ungadala | — | ungadala | ungedale | — | ungedale | |||
Class 4 | ingadala | — | ingadala | ingedale | — | ingedale | |||
Class 5 | lingadala | — | lingadala | lingedale | — | lingedale | |||
Class 6 | angadala | — | engadala | angedale | — | engedale | |||
Class 7 | singadala | — | singadala | singedale | — | singedale | |||
Class 8 | zingadala | — | zingadala | zingedale | — | zingedale | |||
Class 9 | ingadala | — | ingadala | ingedale | — | ingedale | |||
Class 10 | zingadala | — | zingadala | zingedale | — | zingedale | |||
Class 11 | lungadala | — | lungadala | lungedale | — | lungedale | |||
Class 14 | bungadala | — | bungadala | bungedale | — | bungedale | |||
Class 15 | kungadala | — | kungadala | kungedale | — | kungedale | |||
Class 17 | kungadala | — | kungadala | kungedale | — | kungedale | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizodala | engizodala | ngizodala | angizudala | engingezudala | ngingezudala | |||
2nd singular | uzodala | ozodala | uzodala | awuzudala | ongezudala | ungezudala | |||
1st plural | sizodala | esizodala | sizodala | asizudala | esingezudala | singezudala | |||
2nd plural | nizodala | enizodala | nizodala | anizudala | eningezudala | ningezudala | |||
Class 1 | uzodala | ozodala | ezodala | akazudala | ongezudala | engezudala | |||
Class 2 | bazodala | abazodala | bezodala | abazudala | abangezudala | bengezudala | |||
Class 3 | uzodala | ozodala | uzodala | awuzudala | ongezudala | ungezudala | |||
Class 4 | izodala | ezodala | izodala | ayizudala | engezudala | ingezudala | |||
Class 5 | lizodala | elizodala | lizodala | alizudala | elingezudala | lingezudala | |||
Class 6 | azodala | azodala | ezodala | awazudala | angezudala | engezudala | |||
Class 7 | sizodala | esizodala | sizodala | asizudala | esingezudala | singezudala | |||
Class 8 | zizodala | ezizodala | zizodala | azizudala | ezingezudala | zingezudala | |||
Class 9 | izodala | ezodala | izodala | ayizudala | engezudala | ingezudala | |||
Class 10 | zizodala | ezizodala | zizodala | azizudala | ezingezudala | zingezudala | |||
Class 11 | luzodala | oluzodala | luzodala | aluzudala | olungezudala | lungezudala | |||
Class 14 | buzodala | obuzodala | buzodala | abuzudala | obungezudala | bungezudala | |||
Class 15 | kuzodala | okuzodala | kuzodala | akuzudala | okungezudala | kungezudala | |||
Class 17 | kuzodala | okuzodala | kuzodala | akuzudala | okungezudala | kungezudala | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyodala | engiyodala | ngiyodala | angiyudala | engingeyudala | ngingeyudala | |||
2nd singular | uyodala | oyodala | uyodala | awuyudala | ongeyudala | ungeyudala | |||
1st plural | siyodala | esiyodala | siyodala | asiyudala | esingeyudala | singeyudala | |||
2nd plural | niyodala | eniyodala | niyodala | aniyudala | eningeyudala | ningeyudala | |||
Class 1 | uyodala | oyodala | eyodala | akayudala | ongeyudala | engeyudala | |||
Class 2 | bayodala | abayodala | beyodala | abayudala | abangeyudala | bengeyudala | |||
Class 3 | uyodala | oyodala | uyodala | awuyudala | ongeyudala | ungeyudala | |||
Class 4 | iyodala | eyodala | iyodala | ayiyudala | engeyudala | ingeyudala | |||
Class 5 | liyodala | eliyodala | liyodala | aliyudala | elingeyudala | lingeyudala | |||
Class 6 | ayodala | ayodala | eyodala | awayudala | angeyudala | engeyudala | |||
Class 7 | siyodala | esiyodala | siyodala | asiyudala | esingeyudala | singeyudala | |||
Class 8 | ziyodala | eziyodala | ziyodala | aziyudala | ezingeyudala | zingeyudala | |||
Class 9 | iyodala | eyodala | iyodala | ayiyudala | engeyudala | ingeyudala | |||
Class 10 | ziyodala | eziyodala | ziyodala | aziyudala | ezingeyudala | zingeyudala | |||
Class 11 | luyodala | oluyodala | luyodala | aluyudala | olungeyudala | lungeyudala | |||
Class 14 | buyodala | obuyodala | buyodala | abuyudala | obungeyudala | bungeyudala | |||
Class 15 | kuyodala | okuyodala | kuyodala | akuyudala | okungeyudala | kungeyudala | |||
Class 17 | kuyodala | okuyodala | kuyodala | akuyudala | okungeyudala | kungeyudala | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngidale | ngingadali | |||||||
2nd singular | udale | ungadali | |||||||
1st plural | sidale | singadali | |||||||
2nd plural | nidale | ningadali | |||||||
Class 1 | adale | angadali | |||||||
Class 2 | badale | bangadali | |||||||
Class 3 | udale | ungadali | |||||||
Class 4 | idale | ingadali | |||||||
Class 5 | lidale | lingadali | |||||||
Class 6 | adale | angadali | |||||||
Class 7 | sidale | singadali | |||||||
Class 8 | zidale | zingadali | |||||||
Class 9 | idale | ingadali | |||||||
Class 10 | zidale | zingadali | |||||||
Class 11 | ludale | lungadali | |||||||
Class 14 | budale | bungadali | |||||||
Class 15 | kudale | kungadali | |||||||
Class 17 | kudale | kungadali | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngadala | ngangadala, angadala, angangadala | |||||||
2nd singular | wadala | wangadala, awadala, awangadala | |||||||
1st plural | sadala | sangadala, asadala, asangadala | |||||||
2nd plural | nadala | nangadala, anadala, anangadala | |||||||
Class 1 | wadala | wangadala, akadala, akangadala | |||||||
Class 2 | badala | bangadala, abadala, abangadala | |||||||
Class 3 | wadala | wangadala, awadala, awangadala | |||||||
Class 4 | yadala | yangadala, ayadala, ayangadala | |||||||
Class 5 | ladala | langadala, aladala, alangadala | |||||||
Class 6 | adala | angadala, awadala, awangadala | |||||||
Class 7 | sadala | sangadala, asadala, asangadala | |||||||
Class 8 | zadala | zangadala, azadala, azangadala | |||||||
Class 9 | yadala | yangadala, ayadala, ayangadala | |||||||
Class 10 | zadala | zangadala, azadala, azangadala | |||||||
Class 11 | lwadala | lwangadala, alwadala, alwangadala | |||||||
Class 14 | badala | bangadala, abadala, abangadala | |||||||
Class 15 | kwadala | kwangadala, akwadala, akwangadala | |||||||
Class 17 | kwadala | kwangadala, akwadala, akwangadala |
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-dala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-dala”
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “dala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “dala (8-3-8.9)”