aspicio

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From ad- (“to, towards, at”) +‎ speciō (“observe, look at”).

Pronunciation

Verb

aspiciō (present infinitive aspicere, perfect active aspexī, supine aspectum); third conjugation iō-variant

  1. to look at, towards, or upon; behold, gaze at or upon; view, see, examine, survey, inspect, investigate; regard, respect, admire, look to.
    Synonyms: īnspiciō, lūstrō, perlūstrō, recēnseō, circumspiciō, cōnspiciō, obeō, arbitror, cōnsīderō, reputō
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.283–285:
      “‘[...] Ut tē post multa tuōrum
      fūnera, post variōs hominumque urbisque labōrēs,
      dēfessī aspicimus! [...].’”
      “‘After so many of your [people have gone to their] deaths, after the disparate sufferings of citizen and city, how weary we look upon you!’”
  2. to consider, weigh, ponder
    Synonyms: ponderō, dubitō, dēlīberō, cōnsultō, trahō, cōnsīderō, pendō, reputō, circumspiciō, cōnsulō, putō, versō, videō
  3. to observe, notice, catch sight of, espy, perceive
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.567–569:
      “[...] līmina Vestae servantem / et tacitam sēcrētā in sēde latentem / Tyndarida aspiciō [...].”
      “[...] the thresholds of Vesta protecting [her], and [given that she was] hiding quietly in the temple – I catch sight of the forsaken daughter of Tyndareus [...].”
      (Patronymic: Helen was the daughter of Tyndareus.)

Conjugation
   Conjugation of aspiciō (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present aspiciō aspicis aspicit aspicimus aspicitis aspiciunt
imperfect aspiciēbam aspiciēbās aspiciēbat aspiciēbāmus aspiciēbātis aspiciēbant
future aspiciam aspiciēs aspiciet aspiciēmus aspiciētis aspicient
perfect aspexī aspexistī aspexit aspeximus aspexistis aspexērunt,
aspexēre
pluperfect aspexeram aspexerās aspexerat aspexerāmus aspexerātis aspexerant
future perfect aspexerō aspexeris aspexerit aspexerimus aspexeritis aspexerint
sigmatic future1 aspexō aspexis aspexit aspeximus aspexitis aspexint
passive present aspicior aspiceris,
aspicere		 aspicitur aspicimur aspiciminī aspiciuntur
imperfect aspiciēbar aspiciēbāris,
aspiciēbāre		 aspiciēbātur aspiciēbāmur aspiciēbāminī aspiciēbantur
future aspiciar aspiciēris,
aspiciēre		 aspiciētur aspiciēmur aspiciēminī aspicientur
perfect aspectus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect aspectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect aspectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present aspiciam aspiciās aspiciat aspiciāmus aspiciātis aspiciant
imperfect aspicerem aspicerēs aspiceret aspicerēmus aspicerētis aspicerent
perfect aspexerim aspexerīs aspexerit aspexerīmus aspexerītis aspexerint
pluperfect aspexissem aspexissēs aspexisset aspexissēmus aspexissētis aspexissent
sigmatic aorist1 aspexim aspexīs aspexīt aspexīmus aspexītis aspexint
passive present aspiciar aspiciāris,
aspiciāre		 aspiciātur aspiciāmur aspiciāminī aspiciantur
imperfect aspicerer aspicerēris,
aspicerēre		 aspicerētur aspicerēmur aspicerēminī aspicerentur
perfect aspectus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect aspectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — aspice — — aspicite —
future — aspicitō aspicitō — aspicitōte aspiciuntō
passive present — aspicere — — aspiciminī —
future — aspicitor aspicitor — — aspiciuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives aspicere aspexisse aspectūrum esse aspicī aspectum esse aspectum īrī
participles aspiciēns — aspectūrus — aspectus aspiciendus,
aspiciundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
aspiciendī aspiciendō aspiciendum aspiciendō aspectum aspectū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → English: aspect
  • → Italian: aspettare

References
  • “aspicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “aspicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • aspicio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • those to whom we owe our being: ei, propter quos hanc lucem aspeximus
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