隘

隘 U+9698, 隘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9698
← 隗
[U+9697] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 隙 →
[U+9699]

Translingual

Alternative forms

The traditional form found in the Kangxi dictionary with a 八 component instead of a 丷 is preserved in Japanese kanji and Korean hanja.

Han character

隘 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓中廿金廿 (NLTCT), four-corner 78217, composition ⿰阝益)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1358, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41791
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1862, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4152, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+9698

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 隘
alternative forms 𨽴
塧
阨
阸

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (益) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
隘 *qreːɡs
賹 *qreːɡs
搤 *qreːɡs, *qreːɡ
縊 *qleːɡs, *qleɡs
螠 *qleɡs
謚 *ɢliɡs, *qleɡ
諡 *ɢliɡs
蠲 *kʷliːŋ
溢 *liɡ
鎰 *liɡ
齸 *lig, *qleg
貖 *qreːɡ
益 *qleɡ
嗌 *qleɡ
膉 *qleɡ
鷁 *ŋɡleːɡ
艗 *ŋɡleːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qreːɡs) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 益 (OC *qleɡ).

Pronunciation 1

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Rime
Character 隘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 烏懈切
Baxter 'eaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔˠɛH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔᵚæH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔaɨjH/
Li
Rong		 /ʔɛH/
Wang
Li		 /aiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔaiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 aai3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 隘
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 ài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔɛH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qˁ<r>[i]k-s/
English a narrow pass

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 隘
Reading # 1/1
No. 15067
Phonetic
component		 益
Rime
group		 賜
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 隘
Old
Chinese		 /*qreːɡs/

Definitions

隘

  1. narrow; confined
    隘路  ―  àilù  ―  narrow passage
  2. strategic pass that is dangerous or difficult to access

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (隘):
  • → Vietnamese: ải (隘)

Pronunciation 2

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 隘
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 è
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔɛk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qˁ<r>[i]k/

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

隘

  1. to isolate
  2. to block; to defend

References

Japanese

Kanji
隘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. narrow

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
隘
あい
Hyōgaiji
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 隘 (MC 'eaH).

Affix

隘(あい) • (ai) 

  1. narrow; confined
    隘(あい)路(ろ) ― airo ― bottleneck
    狭(きょう)隘(あい) ― kyōai ― narrow

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 隘 (MC 'eaH). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄋᆡᆨ (oyk) (Yale: oyk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 隘 (eumhun 좁을 애 (jobeul ae))

  1. Hanja form? of 애 (“narrow”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Tày

Noun

隘 (ái)

  1. Nôm form of ái (“strategic pass”).
    书𫢍發每隘
    Slư cần phát mọi ái
    Their letter has reached far and wide

References
  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

隘: Hán Nôm readings: ải, ỏi

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References
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