See also:
U+7CDE, 糞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDE

[U+7CDD]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7CDF]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 119, +11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 90801, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3158, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+7CDE

Chinese

trad.
simp.
alternative forms
 
𨤝
𥻔
𥽒
𨤘
𥻰
𨤝
𥻔
𥽒
𨤘
𥻰
𥻪
𡐢
𥼇
𥼈
𥹻
𢍨
𥻎
𤲲
𡊅 partial
𡊄 partial

Glyph origin

Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + + optional (zhǒu).

Small seal: pictogram (象形) : + 𠦒 + .

The current glyph is from the small seal script.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (excrement) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, dung).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • pùn - vernacular;
  • hùn - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter pjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun
/piunH/
Shao
Rongfen
/piuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/punH/
Li
Rong
/piuənH/
Wang
Li
/pĭuənH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fan3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fèn
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjunH ›
Old
Chinese
/*p[u]r-s/
English manure, dirt

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3197
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯns/

Definitions

  1. excrement; faeces; dung
  2. manure
  3. (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to
  4. (literary, or in compounds) to clear away

Synonyms

  • (excrement):
  • (to apply manure to):

See also

Compounds

Descendants

  • Vietnamese: phân

References

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
くそ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *kuso.

Cognate with 臭い (kusai, stinky, smelly), 腐る (kusaru, to rot, to become stinky).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

(くそ) • (kuso) 

  1. (colloquial) feces, excrement
  2. (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash
Derived terms
Idioms
  • (くそ)(やく)にも()たぬ (kuso no yaku ni mo tatanu, not even good for shit); see also (やく)() (yaku ni tatsu, to be useful, to play a role)

Interjection

(くそ) • (kuso) 

  1. (often vulgar) shit, crap
Usage notes
  • This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

Prefix

(くそ) • (kuso-) 

  1. (derogatory) pejorative prefix
    (くそ)(じじ)
    kusojijī
    damn geezer

Suffix

(くそ) • (-kuso) 

  1. crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.
    下手(へた)(くそ)
    hetakuso
    crappy (bad at something), to be shit at doing something
    襤褸(ぼろ)(くそ)
    borokuso
    broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
ふん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

/pun//fun/

From Middle Chinese (MC pjunH).

Pronunciation

Noun

(ふん) or (フン) • (fun) 

  1. droppings, dung
    ふれあい(どう)(ぶつ)(えん)モルモット()けるストレス(ふん)(ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって(すい)(てい)する(こころ)
    fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi
    Non-invasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display
Usage notes
  • This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
  • This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji .

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
ばば
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling

Appears to derive from baby talk.[1][2] Compare English poopoo and Mandarin 㞎㞎 (bǎba).

Pronunciation

Noun

(ばば) • (baba) 

  1. (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
  2. (childish) something unclean
Derived terms

References

  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (ttong bun))

  1. Hanja form? of (dung).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: phẩn, phân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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