竅

See also: 窍
竅 U+7AC5, 竅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AC5
← 竄
[U+7AC4] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 竆 →
[U+7AC6]

Translingual

Han character

竅 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 十金竹尸大 (JCHSK), four-corner 30248, composition ⿱穴敫)

Derived characters
  • 𨇶

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 869, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25680
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1298, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2744, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7AC5

Chinese
trad. 竅
simp. 窍

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (敫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
礉 *kʰreːw, *kʰreːwɢs
邀 *qlew, *kleːw
憿 *kleːw
徼 *kleːw, *kleːwɢs
儌 *kleːwʔ, *kleːwʔ
璬 *kleːwʔ
皦 *kleːwʔ
繳 *kleːwʔ, *kljewɢ, *ɡreːɡ
敫 *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ
譥 *kleːwɢs
激 *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ
噭 *kleːwɢs
獥 *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
鸄 *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
墽 *kʰleːw
竅 *kʰleːwɢs
覈 *ɡleːd, *ɡreːɡ
燩 *kʰreːwɢ, *kʰleːwɢ
檄 *ɡleːwɢ
薂 *ɡleːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰleːwɢs) : semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ).

Etymology

Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ချောက် (hkyauk, “chasm, gulf”); alternative or additionally, 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) is k-prefixed nominal derivation of 窕 (OC *l'eːwʔ) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • khiàu - literary;
  • khiò - vernacular.
    Note:
    • kiao3 - Shantou;
    • kiou3 - Chaozhou.
    Rime
    Character 竅
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
    Final (韻) 蕭 (93)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) IV
    Fanqie 苦弔切
    Baxter khewH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang    		 /kʰeuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun    		 /kʰeuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen    		 /kʰeuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank    		 /kʰɛwH/
    Li
    Rong    		 /kʰeuH/
    Wang
    Li    		 /kʰieuH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren    		 /kʰieuH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex    		 qiào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex    		 hiu3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 竅
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)    		 qiào
    Middle
    Chinese    		 ‹ khewH ›
    Old
    Chinese    		 /*[k]ʰˁewk-s/
    English hole, opening

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 竅
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6399
    Phonetic
    component    		 敫
    Rime
    group    		 豹
    Rime
    subdivision    		 2
    Corresponding
    MC rime    		 竅
    Old
    Chinese    		 /*kʰleːwɢs/

    Definitions

    竅

    1. hole, aperture

    Compounds

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji
    竅

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings
    • On (unclassified): きょう (kyō)
    • Kun: あな (ana)

    Korean

    Hanja

    竅 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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