tidur
See also: tíður
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay tidur, from Proto-Malayic *tidur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.
Cognates
Cognate with Minangkabau tidua, Kedah Malay tidoq, Urak Lawoi' ตีโนะ (tino’), Sundanese tunduh, Javanese turu, Tagalog tulog.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈti.dʊr/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -dʊr, -ʊr, -r
- Hyphenation: ti‧dur
Verb
tidur (involuntary/perfective tertidur, involuntary ketiduran, transitive locative tiduri)
- (intransitive) to sleep (to rest in a state of reduced consciousness)
- Kemarin sore aku tidur setelah bekerja.
- Yesterday at afternoon I slept after work.
- (intransitive) to fall asleep (to pass from a state of wakefulness into sleep)
- (of an inanimate object, intransitive, uncommon) to lie down (to assume a horizontal position)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of tidur (meng-, intransitive) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Root | tidur | ||||
| Active | Involuntary / Perfective |
Passive | Basic / Imperative |
Jussive | |
| Active | – | ketiduran, tertidur | – | tidur | tidurlah |
| Locative | meniduri | tertiduri | ditiduri | tiduri | tidurilah |
| Causative / Applicative1 | menidurkan | tertidurkan | ditidurkan | tidurkan | tidurkanlah |
| Causative | |||||
| Active | mempertidur | tepertidur | dipertidur | pertidur | pertidurlah |
| Locative | mempertiduri | tepertiduri | dipertiduri | pertiduri | pertidurilah |
| Causative / Applicative1 | mempertidurkan | tepertidurkan | dipertidurkan | pertidurkan | pertidurkanlah |
| 1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning. | |||||
Noun
tidur (uncountable)
- sleep (the state of reduced consciousness during which a human or animal rests in a daily rhythm)
- (of an inanimate object, uncommon) inactivity (the quality of being inactive)
- Synonym: ketidakaktifan
Derived terms
Affixed terms
Compound terms
- tidur cantik
- tidur paradoksial
Proverbs with the word tidur
- bersesak-sesak bagai ular tidur
- mata tidur, bantal terjaga
- minum serasa duri, makan serasa lilin, tidur tak lena, mandi tak basah
- tidur bertilam air mata; tidur bertilam pasir
- tidur di atas miang (enjelai)
- tidur tak lelap, makan tak kenyang
Idioms with the word tidur
- tidur di kasur
Further reading
- “tidur” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
From Proto-Malayic *tidur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ, (compare Sundanese tunduh, Tagalog tulog), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /tido(r)/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /tidʊ(r)/
- Rhymes: -ido(r), -do(r), -o(r)
Audio (MY) (file) - Rhymes: -ur
Noun
tidur (Jawi spelling تيدور, plural tidur-tidur, informal 1st possessive tidurku, 2nd possessive tidurmu, 3rd possessive tidurnya)
- sleep (state of reduced consciousness)
Derived terms
Descendants
- > Indonesian: tidur (inherited)
Further reading
- “tidur” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
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