mula
A-Pucikwar
Etymology
From Proto-Great Andamanese *mulə.
References
- Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 22 (2009)
Ayutla Mixtec
References
- Hills O., Roberto, et al. (2004) Diccionario lulu ña̱ sanyaꞌá xiinꞌ nya̱nya̱ = Pequeño diccionario ilustrado en el mixteco de Ayutla, Gro. (overall work in Ayutla Mixtec and Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 7
Catalan
Noun
mula f (plural mules)
- female equivalent of mul
- tree spurge
- Synonym: lleterassa
- callus
- garfish
- Synonym: agulla prima
Derived terms
Further reading
- “mula” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Corsican


Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/
Etymology 2
From its scientific name Mola mola.
Synonyms
References
- “mula” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmula]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
- Rhymes: -ula
Declension
See also
Dharug
Alternative forms
Noun
mula
- man
- 1793, Watkin Tench, A Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson:
- One of our party lifted with ease two of them from the ground, in spite of their efforts to prevent him, whereas in return, no one of them could move him. They called him ‘murree mulla’ (a large strong man).
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
References
- Troy, Jakelin (1994). “The Sydney Language”, Macquarie Aboriginal Words. Sydney: Macquarie Library, 66.
Franco-Provençal
References
Further information
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “mūlus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 6/3: Mobilis–Myxa, page 211
Galician
Verb
mula
- inflection of mulir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Gamilaraay
References
- (2006). “Gaay Garay Dhadhin, Gamilaraay and Yuwalaraay Picture Dictionary”
Hausa
Higaonon
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mula/
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Noun
mula (first-person possessive mulaku, second-person possessive mulamu, third-person possessive mulanya)
Further reading
- “mula” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/
- Rhymes: -ula
- Hyphenation: mù‧la
Anagrams
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmuː.la/, [ˈmuːɫ̪ä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/, [ˈmuːlä]
Declension
First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or -ābus).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | mūla | mūlae |
Genitive | mūlae | mūlārum |
Dative | mūlae | mūlīs mūlābus |
Accusative | mūlam | mūlās |
Ablative | mūlā | mūlīs mūlābus |
Vocative | mūla | mūlae |
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “mula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “mula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- mula in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/
Declension
Further reading
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “mula”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “mula”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): [mulə, -la, -laʔ]
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): [mula, -lə, -laʔ]
- Rhymes: -ula, -la, -a
Noun
mula (Jawi spelling مولا, informal 1st possessive mulaku, 2nd possessive mulamu, 3rd possessive mulanya)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Indonesian: mula
Verb
memulakan
Further reading
- “mula” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
- mule
- c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 38v:
- E dixo acab a abdias ue ala tr̃a por las fontanas todas de las tr̃as ⁊ por las torriẽtes quiçab trobaremos yerba ont biuan los cauallos elas mulas e nõ p̃damos las beſtias.
- And Ahab said to Obadiah, “Go into the land to every fountain throughout the land and to the brooks. Perhaps we will find grass on which the horses and mules can live, that we may not lose the beasts.”
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
mula f
- (Buddhism) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Declension
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Further reading
- mula in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin mūla. Displaced Old Galician-Portuguese mua.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.lɐ/
- Rhymes: -ulɐ
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
- female equivalent of mulo
- (figuratively, derogatory) a stupid person (regardless of sex)
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:idiota
Romanian
Conjugation
infinitive | a mula | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | mulând | ||||||
past participle | mulat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | mulez | mulezi | mulează | mulăm | mulați | mulează | |
imperfect | mulam | mulai | mula | mulam | mulați | mulau | |
simple perfect | mulai | mulași | mulă | mularăm | mularăți | mulară | |
pluperfect | mulasem | mulaseși | mulase | mulaserăm | mulaserăți | mulaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să mulez | să mulezi | să muleze | să mulăm | să mulați | să muleze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | mulează | mulați | |||||
negative | nu mula | nu mulați |
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mûla/
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Declension
References
- “mula” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mùːla/
Inflection
Feminine, a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | múla | ||
gen. sing. | múle | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
múla | múli | múle |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
múle | múl | múl |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
múli | múlama | múlam |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
múlo | múli | múle |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
múli | múlah | múlah |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
múlo | múlama | múlami |
Further reading
- “mula”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish mula, from Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus (“mule”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmu.la]
- (Castilian)
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
Hypernyms
Derived terms
Further reading
- “mula”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish

Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²mʉːla/
- Rhymes: -²ʉːla
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish mule, via German, from Latin mulus.
Noun
mula c
Declension
Declension of mula | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | mula | mulan | mulor | mulorna |
Genitive | mulas | mulans | mulors | mulornas |
Related terms
Etymology 2
From mule (“muzzle”).
Verb
mula (present mular, preterite mulade, supine mulat, imperative mula)
- (colloquial) to rub snow in someone's face
- 2006, “16-åring friad från snöbollsmisshandel [16-year-old released in court from snowball abuse]”, in Sydsvenskan:
- Kamraten sade i tingsrätten att han bara tog tag i 16-åringen och mulade honom med snö innan han släppte taget.
- His friend said in district court that he only grabbed the 16-year-old and rubbed snow in his face before letting go.
- (by extension, colloquial) to rub something in someone’s face
- 2008, P J Anders Linder, “En ding, ding, ding, ding värld? [A mad, mad, mad, mad world?]”, in Svenska Dagbladet:
- Bäst som Barack Obama stod och övade segergester framför hallspegeln ringde Reuters på dörren och mulade honom med gratulationstårtan.
- Just as Barack Obama stood in front of his hall mirror, practicing victory gestures, Reuters called on the door and rubbed a congratulatory cake in his face.
Usage notes
- This verb for rubbing snow in someone’s face is known for its many dialectal synonyms, and in a survey made in 2006 by the radio programme Språket i P1, they received 95 synonyms for this word based on 5800 replies, mula being the most common one.
Conjugation
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | mula | mulas | ||
Supine | mulat | mulats | ||
Imperative | mula | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | mulen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | mular | mulade | mulas | mulades |
Ind. plural1 | mula | mulade | mulas | mulades |
Subjunctive2 | mule | mulade | mules | mulades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | mulande | |||
Past participle | mulad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Synonyms
- bryna (Gotland, Värmland)
- gnosa (Västergötland)
- grosa (Västergötland)
- gura (Gothenburg)
- göra (Västergötland)
- kröna
- molla
- muddra (Roslagen)
- mulla (Uppland)
- myla (Östergötland)
- mylla (Småland)
- målla
- möla (Västergötland)
- mösa
- pesa (Finland Swedish)
- pula (Närke, Västmanland, Uppland, Hälsingland, Åland)
- purra (Jämtland, Gästrikland)
- sylta (Gothenburg)
- tryna (Värmland)
Etymology 3
From Romani.
Verb
mula
- (slang) (intransitive) to die
- (slang) (transitive) to kill somebody
References
- “Om 95 olika ord för att gnida in snö i ansiktet [About 95 different words for rubbing snow in someone’s face]”, in Språket i P1, Sveriges Radio, 2006 January 10, retrieved 23 October 2019
- mula in Svensk ordbok (SO)
Tagalog
Alternative forms
- mola — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /muˈlaʔ/, [mʊˈlaʔ]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Noun
mulâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- (formal, archaic) origin
- Synonyms: orihen, pinagmulan, pinanggalingan
Derived terms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/, [ˈmu.lɐ]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Spanish mula, from Medieval Latin mula (“slipper, shoe with a thick sole”), presumably from classical Latin mulleus, the dyed shoe of either the patricians or senators, from Ancient Greek μύλλος (múllos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/, [ˈmu.lɐ]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /muˈla/, [mʊˈla]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmulaʔ/, [ˈmu.lɐʔ]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la