envergar

Catalan

Etymology

From en- +‎ verga +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

Verb

envergar (first-person singular present envergo, first-person singular preterite enverguí, past participle envergat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencian) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

  1. (transitive, nautical) to bend (a sail) (to tie to a yard or the like)
  2. (transitive) to shore up (a vine) with a rod
  3. (transitive) to hit violently

Conjugation
    Conjugation of envergar (first conjugation, g-gu alternation)
infinitive envergar
gerund envergant
past participle masculine feminine
singular envergat envergada
plural envergats envergades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present envergo envergues enverga enverguem envergueu enverguen
imperfect envergava envergaves envergava envergàvem envergàveu envergaven
future envergaré envergaràs envergarà envergarem envergareu envergaran
preterite enverguí envergares envergà envergàrem envergàreu envergaren
conditional envergaria envergaries envergaria envergaríem envergaríeu envergarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present envergui enverguis envergui enverguem envergueu enverguin
imperfect envergués enverguessis envergués enverguéssim enverguéssiu enverguessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — enverga envergui enverguem envergueu enverguin
negative (no) — no enverguis no envergui no enverguem no envergueu no enverguin

Derived terms

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

From en- +‎ vergar, from en- +‎ verga (“rod, twig”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.veʁˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.veɦˈɡa(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.veʁˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.veɦˈɡa(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.veɾˈɡa(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.veɾˈɡa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.veʁˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.veʁˈɡa(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.veʁˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.veʁˈɡa(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.veɻˈɡa(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.veɻˈɡa(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.vɨɾˈɡaɾ/ [ẽ.vɨɾˈɣaɾ]
    • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.bɨɾˈɡaɾ/ [ẽ.bɨɾˈɣaɾ]
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.vɨɾˈɡa.ɾi/ [ẽ.vɨɾˈɣa.ɾi]

  • Hyphenation: en‧ver‧gar

Verb

envergar (first-person singular present envergo, first-person singular preterite enverguei, past participle envergado)

  1. (transitive) to curve (bend, crook)
    Synonym: curvar
  2. (transitive) to don; to wear (a piece of clothing)
    Synonyms: trajar, vestir

Conjugation
    Conjugation of envergar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal envergar
Personal envergar envergares envergar envergarmos envergardes envergarem
Gerund
envergando
Past participle
Masculine envergado envergados
Feminine envergada envergadas
Indicative
Present envergo envergas enverga envergamos envergais envergam
Imperfect envergava envergavas envergava envergávamos envergáveis envergavam
Preterite enverguei envergaste envergou envergamos1, envergámos2 envergastes envergaram
Pluperfect envergara envergaras envergara envergáramos envergáreis envergaram
Future envergarei envergarás envergará envergaremos envergareis envergarão
Conditional envergaria envergarias envergaria envergaríamos envergaríeis envergariam
Subjunctive
Present envergue envergues envergue enverguemos envergueis enverguem
Imperfect envergasse envergasses envergasse envergássemos envergásseis envergassem
Future envergar envergares envergar envergarmos envergardes envergarem
Imperative
Affirmative enverga envergue enverguemos envergai enverguem
Negative (não) não envergues não envergue não enverguemos não envergueis não enverguem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Derived terms

Spanish

Etymology

From en- +‎ verga (“yard”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /embeɾˈɡaɾ/ [ẽm.beɾˈɣ̞aɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: en‧ver‧gar

Verb

envergar (first-person singular present envergo, first-person singular preterite envergué, past participle envergado)

  1. (nautical) to attach a sail to the yardarm

Conjugation
    Conjugation of envergar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive envergar
gerund envergando
past participle masculine feminine
singular envergado envergada
plural envergados envergadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present envergo envergastú
envergásvos		 enverga envergamos envergáis envergan
imperfect envergaba envergabas envergaba envergábamos envergabais envergaban
preterite envergué envergaste envergó envergamos envergasteis envergaron
future envergaré envergarás envergará envergaremos envergaréis envergarán
conditional envergaría envergarías envergaría envergaríamos envergaríais envergarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present envergue enverguestú
enverguésvos2		 envergue enverguemos enverguéis enverguen
imperfect
(ra)		 envergara envergaras envergara envergáramos envergarais envergaran
imperfect
(se)		 envergase envergases envergase envergásemos envergaseis envergasen
future1 envergare envergares envergare envergáremos envergareis envergaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative envergatú
envergávos		 envergue enverguemos envergad enverguen
negative no envergues no envergue no enverguemos no enverguéis no enverguen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of envergar (g-gu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive envergar
dative envergarme envergarte envergarle, envergarse envergarnos envergaros envergarles, envergarse
accusative envergarme envergarte envergarlo, envergarla, envergarse envergarnos envergaros envergarlos, envergarlas, envergarse
with gerund envergando
dative envergándome envergándote envergándole, envergándose envergándonos envergándoos envergándoles, envergándose
accusative envergándome envergándote envergándolo, envergándola, envergándose envergándonos envergándoos envergándolos, envergándolas, envergándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative enverga
dative envérgame envérgate envérgale envérganos not used envérgales
accusative envérgame envérgate envérgalo, envérgala envérganos not used envérgalos, envérgalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative envergá
dative envergame envergate envergale enverganos not used envergales
accusative envergame envergate envergalo, envergala enverganos not used envergalos, envergalas
with formal second-person singular imperative envergue
dative envérgueme not used envérguele, envérguese envérguenos not used envérgueles
accusative envérgueme not used envérguelo, envérguela, envérguese envérguenos not used envérguelos, envérguelas
with first-person plural imperative enverguemos
dative not used enverguémoste enverguémosle enverguémonos enverguémoos enverguémosles
accusative not used enverguémoste enverguémoslo, enverguémosla enverguémonos enverguémoos enverguémoslos, enverguémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative envergad
dative envergadme not used envergadle envergadnos envergaos envergadles
accusative envergadme not used envergadlo, envergadla envergadnos envergaos envergadlos, envergadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative enverguen
dative envérguenme not used envérguenle envérguennos not used envérguenles, envérguense
accusative envérguenme not used envérguenlo, envérguenla envérguennos not used envérguenlos, envérguenlas, envérguense

Derived terms

Further reading
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