calmar
English
Noun
calmar (plural calmars)
- A squid (the mollusk).
- 1792, George Louis Le Clerc, Barr's Buffon. Buffon's Natural History, page 126:
- During the summer, he studied calmars at Lisbon, but found no appearance of any roe, nor any reservoir which appeared to be destined for the reception of the seminal liquor; and it was in the middle of December, that he began to discern the first traces of a new vessel replete with a milty juice.
Catalan
Etymology
From calma.
Pronunciation
Verb
calmar (first-person singular present calmo, first-person singular preterite calmí, past participle calmat)
Conjugation
infinitive | calmar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calmant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | calmat | calmada | |||||
plural | calmats | calmades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | calmo | calmes | calma | calmem | calmeu | calmen | |
imperfect | calmava | calmaves | calmava | calmàvem | calmàveu | calmaven | |
future | calmaré | calmaràs | calmarà | calmarem | calmareu | calmaran | |
preterite | calmí | calmares | calmà | calmàrem | calmàreu | calmaren | |
conditional | calmaria | calmaries | calmaria | calmaríem | calmaríeu | calmarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | calmi | calmis | calmi | calmem | calmeu | calmin | |
imperfect | calmés | calmessis | calmés | calméssim | calméssiu | calmessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | calma | calmi | calmem | calmeu | calmin | |
negative (no) | — | no calmis | no calmi | no calmem | no calmeu | no calmin |
French
Etymology
From Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, ink pen”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kal.maʁ/
Audio (file)
Further reading
- “calmar”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ʁ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ɾ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ʁ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ɻ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /kalˈmaɾ/ [kaɫˈmaɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /kalˈma.ɾi/ [kaɫˈma.ɾi]
Verb
calmar (first-person singular present calmo, first-person singular preterite calmei, past participle calmado)
Conjugation
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Romanian
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalˈmar/
Declension
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalˈmaɾ/ [kalˈmaɾ]
Audio (Venezuela): (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: cal‧mar
Verb
calmar (first-person singular present calmo, first-person singular preterite calmé, past participle calmado)
- (transitive) to calm, to still (to limit and lessen in motion and disturbance)
- (transitive) to calm, soothe, assuage, to ease, to appease, to quell, to allay, to settle, to relieve (to make lessen in intensity)
- (transitive, figurative) to defuse (e.g. a situation or problem, tension or conflict, a crisis)
- (transitive, figurative) to quench, to quell (one's thirst)
- (transitive, figurative) to cool
- (transitive) to talk down, to talk off the ledge
- (intransitive) to subside, abate
- (intransitive) to steady (often used when talking to an animal one is riding like a horse)
- (reflexive) to calm down, to settle down, to quiet down, to calm oneself
- (reflexive) to cool off, to cool it, to chill, to chill out
- (reflexive) to subside
Conjugation
infinitive | calmar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calmando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | calmado | calmada | |||||
plural | calmados | calmadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | calmo | calmastú calmásvos |
calma | calmamos | calmáis | calman | |
imperfect | calmaba | calmabas | calmaba | calmábamos | calmabais | calmaban | |
preterite | calmé | calmaste | calmó | calmamos | calmasteis | calmaron | |
future | calmaré | calmarás | calmará | calmaremos | calmaréis | calmarán | |
conditional | calmaría | calmarías | calmaría | calmaríamos | calmaríais | calmarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | calme | calmestú calmésvos2 |
calme | calmemos | calméis | calmen | |
imperfect (ra) |
calmara | calmaras | calmara | calmáramos | calmarais | calmaran | |
imperfect (se) |
calmase | calmases | calmase | calmásemos | calmaseis | calmasen | |
future1 | calmare | calmares | calmare | calmáremos | calmareis | calmaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | calmatú calmávos |
calme | calmemos | calmad | calmen | ||
negative | no calmes | no calme | no calmemos | no calméis | no calmen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive calmar | |||||||
dative | calmarme | calmarte | calmarle, calmarse | calmarnos | calmaros | calmarles, calmarse | |
accusative | calmarme | calmarte | calmarlo, calmarla, calmarse | calmarnos | calmaros | calmarlos, calmarlas, calmarse | |
with gerund calmando | |||||||
dative | calmándome | calmándote | calmándole, calmándose | calmándonos | calmándoos | calmándoles, calmándose | |
accusative | calmándome | calmándote | calmándolo, calmándola, calmándose | calmándonos | calmándoos | calmándolos, calmándolas, calmándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative calma | |||||||
dative | cálmame | cálmate | cálmale | cálmanos | not used | cálmales | |
accusative | cálmame | cálmate | cálmalo, cálmala | cálmanos | not used | cálmalos, cálmalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative calmá | |||||||
dative | calmame | calmate | calmale | calmanos | not used | calmales | |
accusative | calmame | calmate | calmalo, calmala | calmanos | not used | calmalos, calmalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative calme | |||||||
dative | cálmeme | not used | cálmele, cálmese | cálmenos | not used | cálmeles | |
accusative | cálmeme | not used | cálmelo, cálmela, cálmese | cálmenos | not used | cálmelos, cálmelas | |
with first-person plural imperative calmemos | |||||||
dative | not used | calmémoste | calmémosle | calmémonos | calmémoos | calmémosles | |
accusative | not used | calmémoste | calmémoslo, calmémosla | calmémonos | calmémoos | calmémoslos, calmémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative calmad | |||||||
dative | calmadme | not used | calmadle | calmadnos | calmaos | calmadles | |
accusative | calmadme | not used | calmadlo, calmadla | calmadnos | calmaos | calmadlos, calmadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative calmen | |||||||
dative | cálmenme | not used | cálmenle | cálmennos | not used | cálmenles, cálmense | |
accusative | cálmenme | not used | cálmenlo, cálmenla | cálmennos | not used | cálmenlos, cálmenlas, cálmense |
Alternative forms
- acalmar (obsolete)
Derived terms
- calmante
- calmar los ánimos (“to calm things down”)
Further reading
- “calmar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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