-eo
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.o/ (stress falls on the preceding syllable)
- Hyphenation: -e‧o
Suffix
-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee)
Usage notes
- Some adjectives in -eo are borrowed directly from Latin and exhibit fossilized characteristics which are otherwise lost in the root noun:
- corpo (“body”) → corporeo (“bodily, corporeal”) (cfr. Latin corpor-, oblique stem of corpus)
- legno (“wood”) → ligneo (“wooden, made from wood”) (cfr. Latin lignum)
- oro (“gold”) → aureo (“golden, made of gold”) (cfr. Latin aurum)
- Ercole (“Hercules”) → erculeo (“Herculean, pertaining to Hercules”) (cfr. Latin Herculēs)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Latin -aeus, from Ancient Greek -αῖος (-aîos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɛ.o/
- Rhymes: -ɛo
- Hyphenation: -è‧o
Suffix
-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee) -eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ei, feminine -ea)
Derived terms
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /e.oː/, [eoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /e.o/, [eo] (stressed on the antepenult)
Etymology 1
From Proto-Italic *-ēō, from earlier *-ējō, from verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti (stative suffix) in which the first person singular always ended in *-éh₁yoh₂.
Conjugation
Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | -eō | -ēs | -et | -ēmus | -ētis | -ent |
imperfect | -ēbam | -ēbās | -ēbat | -ēbāmus | -ēbātis | -ēbant | |
future | -ēbō | -ēbis | -ēbit | -ēbimus | -ēbitis | -ēbunt | |
perfect | -uī | -uistī | -uit | -uimus | -uistis | -uērunt, -uēre | |
pluperfect | -ueram | -uerās | -uerat | -uerāmus | -uerātis | -uerant | |
future perfect | -uerō | -ueris | -uerit | -uerimus | -ueritis | -uerint | |
sigmatic future1 | -ō, ēssō |
-is, ēssis |
-it, ēssit |
-imus, ēssimus |
-itis, ēssitis |
-int, ēssint | |
passive | present | -eor | -ēris, -ēre |
-ētur | -ēmur | -ēminī | -entur |
imperfect | -ēbar | -ēbāris, -ēbāre |
-ēbātur | -ēbāmur | -ēbāminī | -ēbantur | |
future | -ēbor | -ēberis, -ēbere |
-ēbitur | -ēbimur | -ēbiminī | -ēbuntur | |
perfect | -itus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | -itus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | -itus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
sigmatic future1 | -or, ēssor |
-eris, ēsseris |
-itur, ēssitur |
— | — | — | |
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | -eam | -eās | -eat | -eāmus | -eātis | -eant |
imperfect | -ērem | -ērēs | -ēret | -ērēmus | -ērētis | -ērent | |
perfect | -uerim | -uerīs | -uerit | -uerīmus | -uerītis | -uerint | |
pluperfect | -uissem | -uissēs | -uisset | -uissēmus | -uissētis | -uissent | |
sigmatic aorist1 | -im, ēssim |
-īs, ēssīs |
-īt, ēssīt |
-īmus, ēssīmus |
-ītis, ēssītis |
-int, ēssint | |
passive | present | -ear | -eāris, -eāre |
-eātur | -eāmur | -eāminī | -eantur |
imperfect | -ērer | -ērēris, -ērēre |
-ērētur | -ērēmur | -ērēminī | -ērentur | |
perfect | -itus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | -itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | -ē | — | — | -ēte | — |
future | — | -ētō | -ētō | — | -ētōte | -entō | |
passive | present | — | -ēre | — | — | -ēminī | — |
future | — | -ētor | -ētor | — | — | -entor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | -ēre | -uisse | -itūrum esse | -ērī | -itum esse | -itum īrī | |
participles | -ēns | — | -itūrus | — | -itus | -endus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
-endī | -endō | -endum | -endō | -itum | -itū |
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Italic *-eō, from causative/frequentative verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (causative suffix) in which the first person singular ended in *-éyoh₂.
Suffix
-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem
- (no longer productive) Forms causative verbs from primary (third conjugation and some fourth conjugation) verbs.
Conjugation
Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | -eō | -ēs | -et | -ēmus | -ētis | -ent |
imperfect | -ēbam | -ēbās | -ēbat | -ēbāmus | -ēbātis | -ēbant | |
future | -ēbō | -ēbis | -ēbit | -ēbimus | -ēbitis | -ēbunt | |
perfect | -uī | -uistī | -uit | -uimus | -uistis | -uērunt, -uēre | |
pluperfect | -ueram | -uerās | -uerat | -uerāmus | -uerātis | -uerant | |
future perfect | -uerō | -ueris | -uerit | -uerimus | -ueritis | -uerint | |
sigmatic future1 | -ō, ēssō |
-is, ēssis |
-it, ēssit |
-imus, ēssimus |
-itis, ēssitis |
-int, ēssint | |
passive | present | -eor | -ēris, -ēre |
-ētur | -ēmur | -ēminī | -entur |
imperfect | -ēbar | -ēbāris, -ēbāre |
-ēbātur | -ēbāmur | -ēbāminī | -ēbantur | |
future | -ēbor | -ēberis, -ēbere |
-ēbitur | -ēbimur | -ēbiminī | -ēbuntur | |
perfect | -itus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | -itus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | -itus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
sigmatic future1 | -or, ēssor |
-eris, ēsseris |
-itur, ēssitur |
— | — | — | |
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | -eam | -eās | -eat | -eāmus | -eātis | -eant |
imperfect | -ērem | -ērēs | -ēret | -ērēmus | -ērētis | -ērent | |
perfect | -uerim | -uerīs | -uerit | -uerīmus | -uerītis | -uerint | |
pluperfect | -uissem | -uissēs | -uisset | -uissēmus | -uissētis | -uissent | |
sigmatic aorist1 | -im, ēssim |
-īs, ēssīs |
-īt, ēssīt |
-īmus, ēssīmus |
-ītis, ēssītis |
-int, ēssint | |
passive | present | -ear | -eāris, -eāre |
-eātur | -eāmur | -eāminī | -eantur |
imperfect | -ērer | -ērēris, -ērēre |
-ērētur | -ērēmur | -ērēminī | -ērentur | |
perfect | -itus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | -itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | -ē | — | — | -ēte | — |
future | — | -ētō | -ētō | — | -ētōte | -entō | |
passive | present | — | -ēre | — | — | -ēminī | — |
future | — | -ētor | -ētor | — | — | -entor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | -ēre | -uisse | -itūrum esse | -ērī | -itum esse | -itum īrī | |
participles | -ēns | — | -itūrus | — | -itus | -endus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
-endī | -endō | -endum | -endō | -itum | -itū |
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
References
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Spanish
Suffix
-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -eos, feminine plural -eas)
- -eous; forms adjectives meaning resembling or having characteristics of the related term
Suffix
-eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eos)
- forms nouns from verbs suffixed with -ear, means 'action and effect'
Derived terms
Further reading
- “-eo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014