黒
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Translingual
| Japanese | 黒 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 黑 |
| Traditional | 黑 |
Glyph origin
Variant of 黑. Simplified from 黑, replacing two dots with one stroke. The modern Japanese usage is of reform (shinjitai) nature. Compare 毋, the shinjitai of 母.
Han character
| Stroke order (Japan) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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黒 (Kangxi radical 203, 黒+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田土火 (WGF) or 難田土火 (XWGF), composition ⿱里灬)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1518, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48040
- Dae Jaweon: page 2052, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4743, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9ED2
Chinese
| For pronunciation and definitions of 黒 – see 黑 (“black; dark; darkness; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 黑). |
Japanese
| 黒 | |
| 黑 |
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
- 暗黒 (ankoku, “dark; darkness”)
- 黒帯 (kurōbi, “black belt”)
- 黒字 (kuroji, “(accounting) being in the black”)
- 黒暗 (kokuan, “absolute darkness; absence of virtue”)
- 黒衣 (kokui, “black clothes”)
- 黒影 (kokuei, “silhouette, dark shadow”)
- 黒鉛 (kokuen, “graphite”)
- 黒色 (kokushoku, “the colour black”)
- 黒点 (kokuten, “black spot; sunspot”)
- 黒板 (kokuban, “blackboard”)
- 黒海 (Kokkai, “the Black Sea”)
- 白黒 (shirokuro, “black and white; monochrome”)
- 漆黒 (shikkoku, “jet-black”)
- 黒子 (hokuro, “(dermatology) a mole”)
- 真っ黒 (makkuro, “pitch black”)
- 黒山 (kuroyama, “black mountain”)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黒 |
| くろ Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 黑 (kyūjitai) |
⟨kuro1⟩ → /kuro/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE). In turn, from Proto-Japonic *kuro.
Via root morpheme *kur, cognates include:
- 涅 (kuri, “black mud from the bed of a body of water”)[1]
- 暗 (kura, “darkness; deception”), 蔵, 倉, 庫 (kura, “[dark] storehouse”), and 暗い (kurai, “dark”)
- classical verb 暮る (kuru), modern 暮れる (kureru, “to become dark; to near the end [of a day, of a year, of a life”), and 暗れる, 眩れる (kureru, “to become depressed, to become dreary of mood”)
Possibly also cognate with Ainu kur (“shadow”) and Korean 구름 (gureum, “cloud”); compare also Japanese 雲 (kumo, “cloud”), Korean 검— (geom-, “black”), and Ainu kunne (“black; dark”).
Noun
黒 • (kuro)
- black (color)
- Antonym: 白 (shiro)
- (go) a black stone; the person who plays black stones
- Synonym: 先手 (sente)
- a 女房詞 (nyōbō kotoba, “woman's word”) for 鍋 (nabe, “pot, pan”) or 釜 (kama, “pot, kettle”)
- (accounting) short for 黒字 (kuroji): black as an accounting term, indicating a profit
- (euphemistic) short for 黒幕 (kuromaku): a black curtain (someone influencing or controlling matters from behind the scenes)
- guilt; the guilty one, the guilty party
- (slang) anarchy as a belief system or philosophy
- Synonym: 無政府主義 (museifu shugi)
- (slang) an anarchist
- Synonym: 無政府主義者 (museifu shugi-sha)
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 黒黒, 黒々 (kuroguro)
- 黒い (kuroi, “black”, adjective)
- 黒み (kuromi, “blackness, black tinge”)
- 黒め (kurome)
- 黒和え, 黒韲え (kuro-ae)
- 玄人 (kurōto)
- 黒柏 (kuro kashiwa), 黒柏鶏 (kuro kashiwa-kei)
- 黒金, 鉄 (kurogane, “iron”)
- 黒髪 (kurokami)
- 黒川, 黒河 (kurokawa)
- 黒子, 黒衣 (kurogo)
- 黒字 (kuroji)
- 黒田 (kurota)
- 黒田 (Kuroda)
- 黒垂 (kurotare)
- 黒鶫 (kurotsugumi)
- 黒貂 (kuroten)
- 黒塗, 黒塗り (kuro-nuri)
- 黒猫 (kuroneko, “black cat”)
- 黒檜 (kurobi), 黒檜 (kurobe)
- 黒っぽい (kuroppoi, “blackish, dark”)
- 黒豚 (kurobuta, “Berkshire pig”)
- 黒幕 (kuromaku)
- 黒丸, 黒円 (kuromaru)
- 黒布, 黒海布, 黒菜 (kurome)
- 黒目, 黒眼 (kurome)
- 黒焼, 黒焼き (kuroyaki)
- 黒枠, 黒框 (kurowaku)
- 黒ん坊 (kuronbō): a deeply tanned person; (derogatory) a black person; a stagehand wearing black or dark clothing; a monk wearing black clothing; rotten black seeds, particularly grain that has rotted on the stalk
- 白黒 (shirakura, “this and that, so-and-so, such-and-such: unspecified items brought up for criticism”)
- 白黒 (shirokuro, “black and white; monochrome; panic or startled state; confusion; sex show”)
- 中黒 (nakaguro)
- 黒子 (hahakuso), 黒子 (hokuro, “mole”)
- 髭黒 (higekuro)
Related terms
Related terms
- 盲 (mekura, “blindness”)
- 涅 (kuri, “black mud from the bed of a body of water”)
- 呉 (kure): (obsolete) China (from sense of "where the sun sets")
- 暗 (kura, “darkness; deception, fraud”)
- 暗がり (kuragari): darkness
- 蔵, 倉, 庫 (kura, “(dark) storehouse”)
- 暗い (kurai, “dark”)
- 暮れる (kureru, “to become dark; to near the end (of a day, of a year, of a life)”)
- 暗れる, 眩れる (kureru, “to become depressed, to become dreary of mood”)
- 晦ます (kuramasu, “to conceal oneself, to abscond; to deceive, to fool”)
- 冥き途 (kurakimichi, “underworld, realm of the dead”)
- 暮れ六つ (kuremutsu): Edo-period term for a time of day, roughly 6 pm
- 暮れ方 (kuregata, “evening, sunset, nightfall”)
- 暮れ泥む (kurenazumu, “to grow dark slowly”)
See also
| 白 (shiro) | 灰色 (haiiro), 鼠色 (nezumiiro) (dated) |
黒 (kuro) |
| 赤 (aka); 深紅 (shinku), クリムゾン (kurimuzon), 紅色 (beniiro), 紅色 (kurenaiiro), 茜色 (akaneiro) |
オレンジ (orenji), 橙色 (daidaiiro); 茶色 (chairo), 褐色 (kasshoku) |
黄色 (kiiro); クリーム色 (kurīmuiro) |
| 黄緑 (kimidori) | 緑 (midori), 青 (ao) (dated) |
若緑 (wakamidori) |
| シアン (shian); 鴨の羽色 (kamo no hane iro) | 水色 (mizuiro) | 青 (ao) |
| 菫色 (sumireiro); 藍色 (aiiro), インジゴ (injigo) |
マゼンタ (mazenta), 赤紫 (akamurasaki); 紫 (murasaki) |
ピンク (pinku), 桃色 (momoiro) |
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Okinawan
Readings
- Kun: くるー (kurū, 黒)
Compounds
Compounds
- 黒砂糖 (kurujātā) 黒砂糖 (kuruzātā, “brown sugar (partially refined sugar)”)
- 黒猫 (kurumayā, “black cat”)
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 黒 (kuro) and Northern Amami-Oshima 黒 (kuru).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kuɾu/
Derived terms
Compounds
- 黒砂糖 (kurujātā) 黒砂糖 (kuruzātā, “brown sugar (partially refined sugar)”)
- 黒猫 (kurumayā, “black cat”)
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