錢

See also: 钱 and 銭
錢 U+9322, 錢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9322
← 錡
[U+9321] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 錣 →
[U+9323]

Translingual
Traditional 錢
Shinjitai 銭
Simplified 钱

Han character

錢 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金戈戈 (CII), four-corner 83153, composition ⿰釒戔)

Derived characters
  • 籛 𪷻 𮕒 𨪑 𬬌 𪩞 𧂂 𥃒 𥗛 𧔢 𪈇

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1311, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40563
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1812, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4217, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+9322

Chinese
trad. 錢
simp. 钱
alternative forms 銭

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (戔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
殘 *zlaːn, *zaːns
戔 *zlaːn
帴 *zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd
虥 *zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
盞 *ʔsreːnʔ
醆 *ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ
琖 *ʔsreːnʔ
剗 *sʰreːnʔ
棧 *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ
輚 *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
嶘 *zreːnʔ
錢 *ʔslenʔ, *zlen
俴 *ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ
籛 *ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn
淺 *sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn
濺 *ʔsens, *ʔseːn
踐 *zlenʔ
諓 *zlenʔ, *zlens
餞 *zlenʔ, *zlens
賤 *zlens
綫 *slens
箋 *ʔsleːn
牋 *ʔsleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslenʔ, *zlen) : semantic 金 (“metal; gold; money”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • chîⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • chiân/chên - literary;
  • chhiân - limited (e.g. in 一錢，二緣，三媠，四少年).
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 6zhi
        • MiniDict: zhi去
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3xxi
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑi²³/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: zienn2
        • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /t͡si̯ẽ¹³/
        • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯ẽ¹³/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 錢
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰian³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰian²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰiã⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡sʰiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰian⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiã²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰian⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰian⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰian³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰien²⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰie̞¹³/
/t͡ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
Suzhou /ziɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡ziẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰien¹¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰien¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰin²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰin²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰin²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sian³⁵/
/t͡sĩ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sieŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡siŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sĩ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡si³¹/
Rime
Character 錢
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 仙 (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 昨仙切
Baxter dzjen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ziᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ziɛn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zjæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zian/
Li
Rong		 /d͡ziɛn/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱi̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 cin4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 錢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzjen ›
Old
Chinese		 /*N-ts[a][n]/
English coin, money

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 錢
Reading # 2/2
No. 6003
Phonetic
component		 戔
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 錢
Old
Chinese		 /*zlen/

Definitions

錢

  1. money; cash
    我沒有錢。／我没有钱。  ―  Wǒ méiyǒu qián.  ―  I don't have money.
  2. currency; coins
    古錢／古钱  ―  gǔ qián  ―  ancient coin
    銅錢／铜钱  ―  tóngqián  ―  copper (coin)
  3. cost; fund; expense
    多少錢？／多少钱？  ―  Duōshao qián?  ―  How much does it cost?
    偌濟錢？／偌济钱？ [Hokkien]  ―  Gōa chē chîⁿ? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  How much does it cost?
    車錢／车钱  ―  chēqián  ―  transport cost
  4. coin-shaped object
    榆錢／榆钱  ―  yúqián  ―  fruit of an elm tree
  5. mace (unit of weight equivalent to one tenth of a 兩／两 (liǎng, “tael”) and equal to ten 分 (fēn, “candareen”))
  6. a surname. Qian, listed second in the Baijiaxing & the dynasty of the kings of Wuyue
    錢穆／钱穆  ―  Qián Mù  ―  Chien Mu (Chinese historian)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 錢 (“money”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 錢, 幣
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 錢, 鈔, 金錢, 錢財
Mandarin Beijing 錢, 錢兒
Taiwan 錢
Tianjin 錢
Yantai (Muping) 錢
Jinan 錢, 票子
Luoyang 錢兒, 金錢, 錢財
Wanrong 錢
Xi'an 錢, 尕
Lanzhou 尕
Xining 錢
Ürümqi 麻卡爾
Wuhan 錢, 角子
Chengdu 錢, 數數
Kunming 錢兒
Guilin 錢
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 錢
Yangzhou 錢, 鈔票
Nanjing 鈔票
Hefei 錢
Malaysia 錢
Singapore 錢
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 錢
Cantonese Guangzhou 錢, 銀, 銀紙, 水
Hong Kong 錢, 銀, 銀紙, 水, 錢銀, 鐳 slang, 銀兩
Macau 錢
Taishan 錢, 銀, 銀紙, 鐳
Taishan (Guanghai) 錢
Yangjiang 錢
Beihai 銀紙
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 錢
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 錢
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 錢
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鐳
Singapore (Guangfu) 鐳, 錢
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 錢, 鐳, tiền, 銀紙
Móng Cái 錢, tiền
Mandalay (Taishan) 錢, 鐳
Gan Nanchang 錢
Lichuan 錢
Pingxiang 錢
Hakka Meixian 錢
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 水, 沙水, 沙
Changting 錢
Wuping 錢
Liancheng 錢
Ninghua 錢
Yudu 錢
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 錢
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 錢
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 錢
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 錢
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 錢
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 錢
Kuching (Hepo) 鐳
Huizhou Jixi 鈔票, 洋錢
Jin Taiyuan 錢
Northern Min Jian'ou 錢
Songxi 錢
Zhenghe 錢
Jianyang 錢
Wuyishan 錢
Eastern Min Fuzhou 錢
Changle 錢
Lianjiang 錢
Fuqing 錢
Pingtan 錢
Yongtai 錢
Minqing 錢
Gutian 錢
Pingnan 錢
Luoyuan 錢
Fu'an 錢
Ningde 錢
Xiapu 錢
Zherong 錢
Shouning 錢
Zhouning 錢
Fuding 錢
Singapore (Fuqing) 錢
Southern Min Xiamen 錢, 鐳, 銀紙, 錢銀, 銀兩
Xiamen (Tong'an) 錢, 鐳
Quanzhou 錢, 鐳, 銀紙, 錢銀, 銀兩
Jinjiang 錢
Nan'an 錢
Shishi 錢
Hui'an 錢
Anxi 錢
Yongchun 錢
Dehua 錢
Zhangzhou 錢, 鐳, 阿字仔, 錢銀, 銀兩
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 錢
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 錢
Hua'an 鐳
Nanjing 鐳, 銀
Pinghe 錢
Zhangpu 錢
Yunxiao 鐳
Zhao'an 錢, 鐳
Dongshan 錢, 鐳
Taipei 錢
Kinmen 錢
Penang (Hokkien) 鐳, 錢, 銀
Singapore (Hokkien) 鐳, 錢, 銀
Manila (Hokkien) 錢
Longyan 錢
Zhangping 鐳
Datian 錢
Guilin (Biyange) 錢
Chaozhou 鐳, 銀
Shantou 錢, 銀
Shantou (Chenghai) 鐳, 銀
Jieyang 鐳, 銀
Haifeng 錢
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 鐳
Singapore (Teochew) 鐳, 錢
Batam (Teochew) 鐳, 錢
Pontianak (Teochew) 鐳
Leizhou 錢
Wenchang 錢
Singapore (Hainanese) 錢
Puxian Min Putian 錢
Xianyou 錢
Central Min Yong'an 錢
Sanyuan 錢
Shaxian 錢
Yanping (Wangtai) 錢
Shaojiang Min Shaowu 錢, 龍錢, 票兒
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 錢
Wu Shanghai 鈔票, 銅鈿, 洋鈿, 銅鈿銀子, 老洋, 板板, 血 figuratively, 分 slang, 米 slang
Shanghai (Chongming) 鈔票, 銅鈿
Suzhou 鈔票, 銅鈿, 票子
Wuxi 鈔票, 銅錢
Danyang 銅錢, 銅, 洋錢, 錢, 鈔票
Hangzhou 鈔票, 銅鈿, 洋鈿, 銅鈿銀子, 農年, 牙
Ningbo 銅鈿, 洋鈿, 銅鈿銀子, 銅鋃銀子, 鈿
Wenzhou 鈔票, 銅鈿, 番錢, 銅鈿銀, 銅鈿板, 銅板, 板
Jinhua 鈔票, 洋鈿, 鈿, 銅鈿, 銅鈿銀子
Xiang Changsha 錢
Shuangfeng 錢

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (錢):
  • → Japanese: 銭(せん) (sen, “mace”)
  • → Korean: 전(錢) (jeon, “mace”)
  • → Vietnamese: tiền (錢, “money”)

Others:

  • → English: Qian, Chien, Tsien, Chin
  • → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *dzi̯en (“money”)
  • → Thai: สิน (sǐn, “money”)
  • → Malay: ci (“mace”)
  • → Mongolian: цэн (cen)
  • → Zhuang: cienz (“money; coin; mace”)

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 錢
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 仙 (77)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 即淺切
Baxter tsjenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡siᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡siɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sjænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sianX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡siɛnX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡si̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zin2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 錢
Reading # 1/2
No. 5996
Phonetic
component		 戔
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 翦
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔslenʔ/

Definitions

錢

  1. † a kind of farm tool

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

 銭

Kyūjitai

 錢

Kanji
錢

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 銭)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

錢 (eumhun 돈 전 (don jeon))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

錢: Hán Việt readings: tiền[1][2][3]
錢: Nôm readings: tiền[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of tiền (“money”).

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
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