銃

See also: 铳

銃	U+9283, 銃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9283

← 銂
[U+9282]

CJK Unified Ideographs

銄 →
[U+9284]

Translingual

Han character

銃 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金卜戈山 (CYIU) or 難難金卜戈 (XXCYI), four-corner 8011₃, composition ⿰釒充)

Derived characters

𧀏

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1304, character 3

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40359

Dae Jaweon: page 1806, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4202, character 7

Unihan data for U+9283

Chinese

trad.		銃
simp.		铳

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (充) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
統	*tʰuːŋs
充	*l̥ʰjuŋ
珫	*tʰjuŋ
茺	*tʰjuŋ
銃	*tʰjuŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰjuŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 充 (OC *l̥ʰjuŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chòng (chong⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cung³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhung

(Meixian, Guangdong): cung⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): ché̤ṳng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhèng

(Teochew, Peng'im): cêng³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chòng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻung⁴
  - Yale: chùng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chonq
  - Palladius: чун (čun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cung³
  - Yale: chung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhung
  - Hakka Romanization System: cung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ché̤ṳng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰøyŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhèng
  - Tâi-lô: tshìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhexng
  - IPA (Singapore): /t͡sʰeŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cêng³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshèng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰeŋ²¹³/

Middle Chinese: tsyhuwngH

Rime
Character	銃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	充仲切
Baxter	tsyhuwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨuŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiuŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiuŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰuwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiuŋ^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭuŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯uŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cung³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰjuŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	銃
Reading #	1/1
No.	1494
Phonetic component	充
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	銃
Old Chinese	/*tʰjuŋs/

Definitions

銃

blunderbuss
(Eastern Min, Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) gun; firearm (Classifier: 支 mn)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 槍 (“gun; firearm”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		槍, 槍械, 槍支
Mandarin	Beijing	槍
	Taiwan	槍
	Tianjin	槍
	Tangshan	槍
	Cangzhou	槍
	Baoding	槍
	Shijiazhuang	槍
	Chifeng	槍
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	槍
	Harbin	槍
	Shenyang	槍
	Yantai (Muping)	槍
	Qingdao	槍
	Jinan	槍
	Luoyang	槍
	Wanrong	槍
	Zhengzhou	槍
	Xi'an	槍
	Yinchuan	槍
	Lanzhou	槍
	Xining	槍
	Ürümqi	槍
	Wuhan	槍
	Chengdu	槍
	Chongqing	槍
	Guiyang	槍
	Kunming	槍
	Guilin	槍
	Liuzhou	槍
	Xuzhou	槍
	Yangzhou	槍
	Nanjing	槍
	Hefei	槍
	Nantong	槍
	Singapore	槍
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	槍
Cantonese	Guangzhou	槍
	Hong Kong	槍, 炮, 鐵
	Taishan	槍
	Dongguan	槍
	Singapore (Guangfu)	槍
Gan	Lichuan	槍
Gan	Pingxiang	槍
Hakka	Meixian	槍
	Yudu	槍
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	銃仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	銃仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	銃仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	銃
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	銃
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	銃
Huizhou	Jixi	槍
Huizhou	Shexian	槍
Jin	Taiyuan	槍
	Xinzhou	槍
	Linhe	槍
	Jining	槍
	Hohhot	槍
	Zhangjiakou	槍
	Handan	槍
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	槍, 銃
Eastern Min	Matsu	槍
Southern Min	Xiamen	銃, 銃支
	Quanzhou	銃, 銃支
	Jinjiang	銃
	Zhangzhou	銃, 銃支
	Zhangpu	銃
	Tainan	銃
	Penang (Hokkien)	銃
	Singapore (Hokkien)	銃, 銃支
	Manila (Hokkien)	銃
	Shantou	槍
	Jieyang	銃, 槍
	Haikou	槍
Puxian Min	Putian	銃
Puxian Min	Xianyou	銃
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	槍
Wu	Shanghai	槍
	Shanghai (Chongming)	槍
	Suzhou	槍
	Danyang	槍
	Hangzhou	槍
	Jinhua	槍
Xiang	Changsha	槍
Xiang	Loudi	槍

Compounds

出銃／出铳
吹銃／吹铳
夢夢銃銃／梦梦铳铳
手銃／手铳 (shǒuchòng)
打瞌銃／打瞌铳
拳銃／拳铳
放手銃／放手铳
機關銃／机关铳
炮銃／炮铳
銃創／铳创
銃劍／铳剑
銃子／铳子
銃殺／铳杀
飯匙銃／饭匙铳
鳥嘴銃／鸟嘴铳
鳥銃／鸟铳 (niǎochòng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (銃):

→ Japanese: 銃(じゅう) (jū)
→ Korean: 총(銃) (chong)
→ Vietnamese: súng (銃)

Others:

→ Zhuang: cungq (“gun”)

Japanese

Kanji

銃

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

gun

Readings

Go-on: しゅ (shu)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}
Kan-on: しゅう (shū)^{←しゆう (syuu, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: じゅう (jū, Jōyō)^{←じゆう (zyuu, historical)}
Kun: つつ (tsutsu, 銃)

Compounds

拳(けん)銃(じゅう) (kenjū): handgun
小(しょう)銃(じゅう) (shōjū): rifle
機(き)関(かん)銃(じゅう) (kikanjū): machine gun
銃(じゅう)創(そう) (jūsō): a bullet wound
銃(じゅう)傷(しょう) (jūshō): a bullet wound
銃(じゅう)撃(げき) (jūgeki): shooting at someone

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
銃
じゅう Grade: S
kan’yōon

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じゅう [júꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝː]

Noun

銃(じゅう) • (jū) ^{←じゆう (zyuu)^?}

gun (firearm)
銃(じゅう)を撃(う)つ
jū o utsu
to fire a gun

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
銃
つつ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

銃(つつ) • (tsutsu)

gun, firearm
捧(ささ)げ銃(つつ)
sasage tsutsu
present arms
- 1898, Doppo Kunikida, Shikagari [Hunting Deer]‎:
  
  かれこれするうちに昼時分(ひるじぶん)になったが鹿(しか)らしいものも来(こ)ない、たちまち谷(たに)を一(ひと)つ越(こ)えたすぐむこうの山(やま)の尾(お)で銃(つつ)の音(おと)がしたと思(おも)うと白(しろ)い煙(けむ)が見(み)えた。
  Karekore suru uchi ni hirujibun ni natta ga shika rashii mono mo konai, tachimachi tani o hitotsu koeta sugu mukō no yama no o de tsutsu no oto ga shita to omou to shiroi kemu ga mieta.
  (please add an English translation of this example)

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

銃 • (chong) (hangeul 총)

gun, rifle, firearm

Vietnamese

Han character

銃: Hán Nôm readings: súng[1][2][3][4][5][6], xúng[7]

gun, firearm

References

Génibrel (1898).
Bonet (1899).
Thiều Chửu (1942).
Nguyễn Quốc Hùng (1974).
Trần (1999).
Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Trần (2004).

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[genibrel-2] Génibrel (1898).

[bonet-3] Bonet (1899).

[Thiều_Chửu_(1942)-4] Thiều Chửu (1942).

[Nguyễn_Quốc_Hùng_(1974)-5] Nguyễn Quốc Hùng (1974).

[Trần_(1999)-6] Trần (1999).

[tdcntd-7] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[Trần_(2004)-8] Trần (2004).