U+90ED, 郭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90ED

[U+90EC]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+90EE]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 163, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜木弓中 (YDNL), four-corner 07427, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1273, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39474
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1771, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3780, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+90ED

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𨟍
𩫩
𩫏
𩫖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Originally written 𩫏.

Later was added to form an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : 𩫏 (tall building) + (city) – a city with tall buildings.

From clerical script, the 𩫏 became written as the unrelated through the process of libian.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/r-kawk ~ s/r-kwak (outer covering; skin, bark, rind) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

“to be none of someone's own business”
Contraction of (guān wǒ). See 關……屁事关……屁事 (guān...pìshì) for details.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • guóh - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • guók - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuo²¹/
Jinan /kuə²¹³/
Qingdao /kuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kuo²⁴/
Xi'an /kuo²¹/
Xining /ku⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuə¹³/
Lanzhou /kuə¹³/
Ürümqi /kuɤ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kuo²¹³/
Chengdu /kue³¹/
/ko³¹/
Guiyang /ko²¹/
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /kueʔ⁵/
Hefei /kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəʔ²/
Pingyao /kuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /koʔ⁵/
Suzhou /koʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /koʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ko²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ko⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ko²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kuɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuok̚¹/
Taoyuan /kok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɔk̚³/
Nanning /kʰɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /kwɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kɔk̚³²/
/keʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kua²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kueʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kɔk̚⁵/
/kue⁵⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (104)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kwak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kwɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwak̚/
Li
Rong
/kuɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/kuɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwok3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guō
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwak ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʷˁak/
English outer wall

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4752
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷaːɡ/

Definitions

  1. outer city wall
  2. (literary) (alt. form ) outline
  3. () (historical) Guo, a minor state that existed during the Zhou dynasty and was conquered by the state of Qi in 670 BCE.
  4. (Taiwan, Internet slang) to be none of someone's own business; to have nothing to do with someone
  5. a surname
       Guō Shǒujìng   Guo Shoujing (Yuan dynasty Chinese astronomer)

Descendants

  • English: Guo, Kuo, Kwok, Kuok, Quek, Kuek, Kwek
  • Tagalog: Kwek, Que

Compounds

  • 倚郭
  • 倚郭縣倚郭县
  • 傅郭
  • 北郭
  • 北郭先生
  • 北郭十友
  • 匡郭
  • 南郭 (nánguō)
  • 南郭先生
  • 南郭子綦
  • 南郭綦
  • 南郭處士南郭处士 (nánguō chǔshì)
  • 吳郭魚吴郭鱼 (wúguōyú)
  • 周郭
  • 四郭
  • 坊郭
  • 城郭 (chéngguō)
  • 城郭國城郭国
  • 夏五郭公
  • 外郭
  • 女郭
  • 尺郭
  • 山郭
  • 崖郭
  • 巴音郭楞 (Bāyīnguōléng)
  • 市郭
  • 帶郭带郭
  • 廛郭
  • 折巾郭
  • 月郭
  • 村郭
  • 李郭
  • 李郭仙
  • 李郭仙舟
  • 李郭同舟
  • 李郭同船
  • 李郭舟
  • 東郭东郭 (Dōngguō)
  • 東郭之疇东郭之畴
  • 東郭之跡东郭之迹
  • 東郭先生东郭先生 (dōng guō xiānshēng)
  • 東郭履东郭履
  • 東郭逡东郭逡
  • 柳郭
  • 棺郭
  • 機郭机郭
  • 水郭
  • 江郭
  • 治郭安邦
  • 溢郭
  • 溝郭沟郭
  • 石郭
  • 稜郭棱郭
  • 羅郭罗郭
  • 耳郭 (ěrguō)
  • 膚郭肤郭
  • 西郭
  • 許郭许郭
  • 謝郭谢郭
  • 負郭负郭
  • 負郭田负郭田
  • 負郭相君负郭相君
  • 賈郭贾郭
  • 赤郭
  • 車側郭門车侧郭门
  • 輪郭轮郭
  • 迎郭伋
  • 邊郭边郭
  • 邑郭
  • 邯鄲郭公邯郸郭公
  • 郊郭
  • 郛郭
  • 郡郭
  • 郭亮 (Guōliàng)
  • 郭伋待期
  • 郭公 (guōgōng)
  • 郭公塼郭公砖
  • 郭公夏五
  • 郭公真人
  • 郭公磚郭公砖
  • 郭前 (Guōqián)
  • 郭勒木德 (Guōlèmùdé)
  • 郭圍郭围
  • 郭塹郭堑
  • 郭家 (Guōjiā)
  • 郭家堡
  • 郭家金穴
  • 郭履
  • 郭巨
  • 郭巨埋兒郭巨埋儿
  • 郭巾
  • 郭景飛仙郭景飞仙
  • 郭李
  • 郭椒
  • 郭汾陽郭汾阳
  • 郭河 (Guōhé)
  • 郭泰巾
  • 郭泰碑銘郭泰碑铭
  • 郭況穴郭况穴
  • 郭泰船
  • 郭洛帶郭洛带
  • 郭璞之說郭璞之说
  • 郭申
  • 郭碑
  • 郭禿郭秃
  • 郭穴
  • 郭索
  • 郭細侯郭细侯
  • 郭舟
  • 郭華情罪郭华情罪
  • 郭術郭术
  • 郭邑
  • 郭郎
  • 郭郎子
  • 郭郛
  • 郭里 (Guōlǐ)
  • 郭門郭门
  • 郭隗宮郭隗宫
  • 郭隗尊
  • 郭隗臺郭隗台
  • 郭隗請始郭隗请始
  • 郭隗金
  • 郭雀兒郭雀儿
  • 郭順時郭顺时
  • 鄒郭邹郭 (Zōuguō)
  • 鄽郭
  • 重來郭伋重来郭伋
  • 銅郭铜郭
  • 錫林郭勒锡林郭勒 (Xīlínguōlè)
  • 鐵郭金城铁郭金城
  • 鐵郭銅關铁郭铜关
  • 附郭
  • 附郭縣附郭县
  • 陰郭阴郭
  • 青郭
  • 靖郭君
  • 靖郭氏
  • 靜郭君静郭君

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. Quarter (of a city)
  2. Enclosure

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
くるわ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
くるわ
[noun] [from late 1500s] a palisade, wall, moat, natural waterway, or other structure used to divide a specific area from its surroundings, such as a castle or fort
[noun] [probably from early 1600s] the area so bounded by such a structure
[noun] [from 1678] a red-light district, specifically one that is divided from the rest of the town by means of a wall or fence or similar structure
[noun] [from 1698] (poetry, haiku) in 俳諧 (haikai, vulgar haiku), the general realm of subject matter used for the opening line
Alternative spellings
曲輪,
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC kwak). Recorded as Middle Korean 곽〮 (kwák) (Yale: kwak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource (eumhun 둘레/성곽 (dulle/seonggwak gwak))

  1. Hanja form? of (outer city wall; girdle).
    Synonym: ( (gwak))
  2. Hanja form? of (a surname).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: quách[1][2][3][4][5][6]
: Nôm readings: quách[1][2][3][7], quắt[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of quách (sarcophagus, outer coffin; outer wall, as of a city or fort; jar containing human remains for reburial).
  2. chữ Hán form of Quách (a surname).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Trần (1999).
  5. Nguyễn (1974).
  6. Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. Hồ (1976).
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.