節

See also: 节 and 卩
節 U+7BC0, 節
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BC0
← 箿
[U+7BBF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 篁 →
[U+7BC1]

節 U+FA56, 節
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA56
← 突
[U+FA55] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 練 →
[U+FA57]
節 U+FAAD, 節
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAAD
← 窱
[U+FAAC] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 类 →
[U+FAAE]

Translingual

Han character

節 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹日戈中 (HAIL), four-corner 88727, composition ⿱𥫗即)

Derived characters

References

Chinese
trad. 節
simp. 节
alternative forms 卩 “tally”
𠁾

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 節
Warring States
Bronze inscriptions
Characters in the same phonetic series (即) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卪 *ʔsiːɡ
癤 *ʔsiːɡ
幯 *ʔsiːɡ
節 *ʔsiːɡ
蝍 *ʔsiːɡ, *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ
蠞 *ziːɡ
堲 *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ, *zɯɡ
唧 *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ
楖 *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsriɡ, *ʔsɯɡ
揤 *ziɡ, *ʔsɯɡ
櫛 *ʔsriɡ
瀄 *ʔsriɡ
擳 *ʔsriɡ
即 *ʔsɯɡ
鯽 *ʔsɯɡ, *ʔseɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsiːɡ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 即 (OC *ʔsɯɡ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsik.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chat - vernacular (“knot; to constrain; classifier”);
  • choeh/cheh - vernacular (“solar term; festival”);
  • chiat - literary.
    Note:
    • zag4 - literary;
    • zoih4 - vernacular.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 7ciq
          • MiniDict: cih入
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4jiq
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵/
      • Xiang
        • (Changsha)
          • Wiktionary: zie6
          • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /t͡si̯e̞²⁴/
          • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯e̞²⁴/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 節
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/ ～日
/t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/ ～骨眼兒
Tianjin /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕiə²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡siə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡siɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕie¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕie²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕie³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕie²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sieʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡siəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡seʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡siɛ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sie²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡siet̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡siet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sit̚³/
Nanning /t͡sit̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sit̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡siat̚³²/
/t͡sat̚³²/ 一～课
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡saiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sai²⁴/ 五一～
/t͡siɛ²⁴/ 動,～約
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡siak̚²/
/t͡sak̚²/
/t͡soiʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sit̚⁵/
/t͡se⁵⁵/
/tak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 節
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 屑 (87)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 子結切
Baxter tset
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡set̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡set̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sɛt̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡set̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡siet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡siet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jie
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zit3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 節
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jié
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tset ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tsˁik/
English joint

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 節
Reading # 1/1
No. 5713
Phonetic
component		 即
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 節
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsiːɡ/

Definitions

節

  1. knot; node
  2. joint
  3. segment
  4. link
  5. backbone; integrity; drive; spirit; ambition
  6. circumstances; details; particulars
  7. solar term (in the Chinese lunisolar calendar)
  8. time period; season; division
  9. festival; celebration; holiday; - Day
    聖誕節／圣诞节  ―  shèngdànjié  ―  Christmas
  10. etiquette; formality
  11. (of law or treaty) section
    第三章國家機構第一節全國人民代表大會第五十七條中華人民共和国全國人民代表大會 [MSC, trad.]
    第三章国家机构第一节全国人民代表大会第五十七条中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会 [MSC, simp.]
    Dìsān zhāng guójiā jīgòu Dìyī jié Quánguórénmíndàibiǎodàhuì Dì wǔshíqī tiáo Zhōnghuárénmíngònghéguó Quánguórénmíndàibiǎodàhuì [Pinyin]
    Chapter III The Structure of the State; Section 1 The National People's Congress; Article 57 The National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China (from the Constitution of the People's Republic of China)
  12. (historical) Short for 符節／符节 (fújié, “tally used as proof of authorization”).
  13. (music) beat; rhythm
  14. (unit of speed) knot
  15. Classifier for segments, such as batteries, lessons, train carriages, paragraphs, etc. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
  16. 60th hexagram (䷻) of the I Ching.
  17. to constrain; to limit; to control
  18. to save; to use sparingly
  19. a surname

Compounds

References

Japanese

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節
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(Adobe-Japan1)
節󠄅
節+&#xE0105;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
節󠄂
節+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
節󠄄
節+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
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See here for details.

Kanji
節

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 節)

  1. node
  2. joint; section
  3. season
  4. verse (part of a song), stanza (part of a poem)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
節
ふし
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
節 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese 節 (ふし, pusi); attested in the Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki of 794 as 布之.[2][3] In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pusi. Possibly derived from Old Japanese 節 (ふ, pu).

Pronunciation

Noun

節(ふし) • (fushi) 

  1. a knuckle, a joint
  2. melody
    A(エー) に節(ふし)をつける ― ē ni fushi o tsukeru ― set A to tune
  3. point
  4. section

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
節
せつ
Grade: 4
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
節 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

Noun

節(せつ) • (setsu) 

  1. occasion, time
  2. a person's principles
  3. paragraph, stanza, clause

References
  1. “節”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024
  2. “ふし 【節】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) Paid subscription required‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
  3. Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 633
  4. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  6. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 節 (MC tset).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 節 (eumhun 마디 절 (madi jeol))

  1. Hanja form? of 절 (“node; joint; incision”).
  2. Hanja form? of 절 (“verse; beat”).
  3. Hanja form? of 절 (“anniversary”).
  4. Hanja form? of 절 (“etiquette”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Okinawan

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 節(ふし) (fushi).

Noun

節(ぶし) (bushi) 

  1. a song, poem, or musical piece
  2. a term used in titles to denote a poetic or musical piece
    暁(あかちち)節(ぶし)
    akachichi bushi
    Dawn song (a traditional Okinawan musical piece)

References
  • “ぶし【節】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *pusi. Perhaps from pu below.

Noun

節 (pusi) (kana ふし)

  1. joint
    朝暮爾滿來潮之八隔浪爾靡珠藻乃節間毛惜命乎露霜之過麻之爾家礼
    ASA YO1PI1 ni MI1TIKURU SIPO NO2 YApe1NAMI1 ni NABI1KU TAMAMO no2 PUSI NO2 MA mo WOSIKI1 INO2TI wo TUYUSIMO NO2 SUGI2masinike1re
    In morning and evening, in the many waves of the full tide, the precious bowing seaweed's joint must also pass by the dew and frost's precious life!
  2. reasoning
    文理 合文也 又理者云布之又天文地理也
    Reasoning (lit. put in a reason or add to a reason), this process is called pusi, and also said of heaven and earth.
Descendants
  • Japanese: 節 (fushi)

Noun

節 (pu) (kana ふ)

  1. joint
    • 720, Nihon Shoki, poem 91, first variant:
      於彌能姑能耶賦能之魔柯枳始陀騰余瀰那爲我與釐拠魔耶黎夢之魔柯枳
      omi1 no2 ko1 no2 yapu no2 sibakaki1 sita to2yo2mi1 nawi ga yo2riko2ba yaremu sibakaki1
      The eight-fold fastening fence Of the Omi's child Should an earthquake come, shaking, Reverberating below, 'Twill be a ruined fastening fence.

Vietnamese

Han character

節: Hán Nôm readings: tiết

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