䜌

See also: 龻

䜌	U+470C, 䜌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-470C

← 䜋
[U+470B]

CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A

䜍 →
[U+470D]

Translingual

Han character

䜌 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 女火卜口火 (VFYRF), composition ⿲糹訁糸)

Derived characters

戀(恋), 鑾(銮), 巒(峦), 灓(𰛪), 𨷻(𫔱), 攣(挛), 孌(娈), 彎(弯), 蠻(蛮), 㪻(𫿳), 孿(孪), 奱, 變(変/变), 矕(𰥠), 鸞(鵉/鸾), 欒(栾), 曫(𬁢), 㱍, 𥀺, 𠨫

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1180, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3461, character 8
Unihan data for U+470C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		䜌
alternative forms		𤔪𠧎𠧏龻／𰁜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 䜌
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	b·roːn, b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	b·roːn, b·ron, *b·rons
灓	b·roːn, b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	smroːns, smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	b·ronʔ, b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	pʰlons, klons

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 絲 + 言.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): luán (luan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luán
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luán
  - Wade–Giles: luan²
  - Yale: lwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
  - Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lyun⁴
  - Yale: lyùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lün⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: lwan, ljwen, ljwenH

Rime
Character	䜌	䜌	䜌
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	仙 (78)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	落官切	呂員切	力卷切
Baxter	lwan	ljwen	ljwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luɑn/	/liuᴇn/	/liuᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷɑn/	/lʷiɛn/	/lʷiɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/luɑn/	/ljuæn/	/ljuæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwan/	/lwian/	/lwian^H/
Li Rong	/luɑn/	/liuɛn/	/liuɛn^H/
Wang Li	/luɑn/	/lĭwɛn/	/lĭwɛn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/luɑn/	/li̯wɛn/	/li̯wɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luán	luán	luàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lyun⁴	lyun⁴	lyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.rˤo[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*b·roːn/, /*b·ron/, /*b·rons/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	䜌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luán
Middle Chinese	‹ lwan ›
Old Chinese	/*mə.rˁo[n]/
English	harness bells
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	䜌	䜌	䜌
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	8620	8629	8635
Phonetic component	䜌	䜌	䜌
Rime group	元	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	鑾	攣	戀
Old Chinese	/*b·roːn/	/*b·ron/	/*b·rons/

Definitions

䜌

^† chaotic
^† orderly
^† continuous

Japanese

Kanji

䜌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

chaos
distraction
confusion, confused
continuous, uninterrupted
to tie together
to manage

Readings

Go-on: れん (ren)
Kan-on: れん (ren)

Korean

Hanja

䜌 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)

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