tuomita
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *toomit'ak, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *dōmijaną (“to judge”), compare Swedish döma (“to sentence, to judge”) and Old High German tuomen (“to judge”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtuo̯mitɑˣ/, [ˈt̪uo̞̯mit̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uomitɑ
- Syllabification(key): tuo‧mi‧ta
Verb
tuomita
- (transitive, law) to convict someone (of = elative); to sentence someone, condemn someone (to = illative)
- (transitive, law) to try, hear, sit, adjudicate (a case)
- (transitive, religion) to judge
- Älkää tuomitko, ettei teitä tuomittaisi.
- Judge not, lest ye be judged.
- (transitive, figuratively) to judge, condemn, doom
- tuomita ennalta ― to prejudge
- tuomita tuhoon ― to doom (fix irrevocably the ill fate of)
- tuhoon tuomittu ― doomed (certain to suffer death, failure, or a similarly negative outcome)
- (transitive) to express strong disapproval of, denounce; to condemn, reprobate, objurgate, excoriate
- (transitive, sports) to referee; to umpire
- (transitive, sports) to call (to make a decision as a referee/umpire)
- Maali olisi pitänyt tuomita paitsioksi.
- The goal should have been called offside.
Conjugation
| Inflection of tuomita (Kotus type 69/valita, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | tuomitsen | en tuomitse | 1st sing. | olen tuominnut | en ole tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | tuomitset | et tuomitse | 2nd sing. | olet tuominnut | et ole tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | tuomitsee | ei tuomitse | 3rd sing. | on tuominnut | ei ole tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | tuomitsemme | emme tuomitse | 1st plur. | olemme tuominneet | emme ole tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | tuomitsette | ette tuomitse | 2nd plur. | olette tuominneet | ette ole tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | tuomitsevat | eivät tuomitse | 3rd plur. | ovat tuominneet | eivät ole tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | tuomitaan | ei tuomita | passive | on tuomittu | ei ole tuomittu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | tuomitsin | en tuominnut | 1st sing. | olin tuominnut | en ollut tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | tuomitsit | et tuominnut | 2nd sing. | olit tuominnut | et ollut tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | tuomitsi | ei tuominnut | 3rd sing. | oli tuominnut | ei ollut tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | tuomitsimme | emme tuominneet | 1st plur. | olimme tuominneet | emme olleet tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | tuomitsitte | ette tuominneet | 2nd plur. | olitte tuominneet | ette olleet tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | tuomitsivat | eivät tuominneet | 3rd plur. | olivat tuominneet | eivät olleet tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | tuomittiin | ei tuomittu | passive | oli tuomittu | ei ollut tuomittu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | tuomitsisin | en tuomitsisi | 1st sing. | olisin tuominnut | en olisi tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | tuomitsisit | et tuomitsisi | 2nd sing. | olisit tuominnut | et olisi tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | tuomitsisi | ei tuomitsisi | 3rd sing. | olisi tuominnut | ei olisi tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | tuomitsisimme | emme tuomitsisi | 1st plur. | olisimme tuominneet | emme olisi tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | tuomitsisitte | ette tuomitsisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte tuominneet | ette olisi tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | tuomitsisivat | eivät tuomitsisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat tuominneet | eivät olisi tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | tuomittaisiin | ei tuomittaisi | passive | olisi tuomittu | ei olisi tuomittu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | tuomitse | älä tuomitse | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | tuomitkoon | älköön tuomitko | 3rd sing. | olkoon tuominnut | älköön olko tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | tuomitkaamme | älkäämme tuomitko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | tuomitkaa | älkää tuomitko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | tuomitkoot | älkööt tuomitko | 3rd plur. | olkoot tuominneet | älkööt olko tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | tuomittakoon | älköön tuomittako | passive | olkoon tuomittu | älköön olko tuomittu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | tuominnen | en tuominne | 1st sing. | lienen tuominnut | en liene tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | tuominnet | et tuominne | 2nd sing. | lienet tuominnut | et liene tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | tuominnee | ei tuominne | 3rd sing. | lienee tuominnut | ei liene tuominnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | tuominnemme | emme tuominne | 1st plur. | lienemme tuominneet | emme liene tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | tuominnette | ette tuominne | 2nd plur. | lienette tuominneet | ette liene tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | tuominnevat | eivät tuominne | 3rd plur. | lienevät tuominneet | eivät liene tuominneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | tuomittaneen | ei tuomittane | passive | lienee tuomittu | ei liene tuomittu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | tuomita | present | tuomitseva | tuomittava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | tuominnut | tuomittu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | tuomitessa | tuomittaessa | agent3 | tuomitsema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | tuomitsematon | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | tuomiten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | tuomitsemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | tuomitsemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | tuomitsemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | tuomitsemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | tuomitsematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | tuomitseman | tuomittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | tuomitseminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Further reading
- “tuomita”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
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