tuma

See also: Tuma, tüma, Tüma, and Tûma

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah.

Noun

tuma

  1. body louse

Dongxiang

Etymology

From Turkic *turma (“radish”), from an Iranian language. Perhaps already borrowed into Proto-Mongolic as *turma.

Compare Mongolian тоором (toorom), Turkish turp (“radish”), Persian ترب (torob, “radish”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tʰuˈmɑ/

Noun

tuma

  1. carrot

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tuma, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *tuŋa, although -ŋ- > -m- would be irregular. Cognates include Erzya тов (tov, “kernel”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtumɑ/, [ˈt̪umɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -umɑ
  • Syllabification(key): tu‧ma

Noun

tuma

  1. (cytology) nucleus, cell nucleus (large organelle found in cells which contains genetic material)

Declension
Inflection of tuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative tuma tumat
genitive tuman tumien
partitive tumaa tumia
illative tumaan tumiin
singular plural
nominative tuma tumat
accusative nom. tuma tumat
gen. tuman
genitive tuman tumien
tumainrare
partitive tumaa tumia
inessive tumassa tumissa
elative tumasta tumista
illative tumaan tumiin
adessive tumalla tumilla
ablative tumalta tumilta
allative tumalle tumille
essive tumana tumina
translative tumaksi tumiksi
abessive tumatta tumitta
instructive — tumin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of tuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tumani tumani
accusative nom. tumani tumani
gen. tumani
genitive tumani tumieni
tumainirare
partitive tumaani tumiani
inessive tumassani tumissani
elative tumastani tumistani
illative tumaani tumiini
adessive tumallani tumillani
ablative tumaltani tumiltani
allative tumalleni tumilleni
essive tumanani tuminani
translative tumakseni tumikseni
abessive tumattani tumittani
instructive — —
comitative — tumineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tumasi tumasi
accusative nom. tumasi tumasi
gen. tumasi
genitive tumasi tumiesi
tumaisirare
partitive tumaasi tumiasi
inessive tumassasi tumissasi
elative tumastasi tumistasi
illative tumaasi tumiisi
adessive tumallasi tumillasi
ablative tumaltasi tumiltasi
allative tumallesi tumillesi
essive tumanasi tuminasi
translative tumaksesi tumiksesi
abessive tumattasi tumittasi
instructive — —
comitative — tuminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tumamme tumamme
accusative nom. tumamme tumamme
gen. tumamme
genitive tumamme tumiemme
tumaimmerare
partitive tumaamme tumiamme
inessive tumassamme tumissamme
elative tumastamme tumistamme
illative tumaamme tumiimme
adessive tumallamme tumillamme
ablative tumaltamme tumiltamme
allative tumallemme tumillemme
essive tumanamme tuminamme
translative tumaksemme tumiksemme
abessive tumattamme tumittamme
instructive — —
comitative — tuminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tumanne tumanne
accusative nom. tumanne tumanne
gen. tumanne
genitive tumanne tumienne
tumainnerare
partitive tumaanne tumianne
inessive tumassanne tumissanne
elative tumastanne tumistanne
illative tumaanne tumiinne
adessive tumallanne tumillanne
ablative tumaltanne tumiltanne
allative tumallenne tumillenne
essive tumananne tuminanne
translative tumaksenne tumiksenne
abessive tumattanne tumittanne
instructive — —
comitative — tuminenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative tumansa tumansa
accusative nom. tumansa tumansa
gen. tumansa
genitive tumansa tumiensa
tumainsarare
partitive tumaansa tumiaan
tumiansa
inessive tumassaan
tumassansa		 tumissaan
tumissansa
elative tumastaan
tumastansa		 tumistaan
tumistansa
illative tumaansa tumiinsa
adessive tumallaan
tumallansa		 tumillaan
tumillansa
ablative tumaltaan
tumaltansa		 tumiltaan
tumiltansa
allative tumalleen
tumallensa		 tumilleen
tumillensa
essive tumanaan
tumanansa		 tuminaan
tuminansa
translative tumakseen
tumaksensa		 tumikseen
tumiksensa
abessive tumattaan
tumattansa		 tumittaan
tumittansa
instructive — —
comitative — tumineen
tuminensa

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Fula

Adverb

tuma

  1. when, at the time that
    Tuma o arti woo, mi yeetoto mo.
    When he is back, I will tell him

References

Higaonon

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah.

Noun

tuma

  1. head louse

Javanese

Romanization

tuma

  1. Romanization of ꦠꦸꦩ.

Kari'na

Etymology

Compare Wayana tuma, Akawaio tuma, Macushi tuma, Pemon tuma.

Pronunciation
  • (Venezuela) IPA(key): [tummwa]
  • (Suriname) IPA(key): [tuːma]

Noun

tuma (possessed tumary)

  1. pot, cooking pot, kettle
  2. food prepared in such a pot, pepperpot

References
  • Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 392
  • Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “tuma”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 471; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎, Paris, 1956, page 461

Kituba

Verb

tuma

  1. to order

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah.

Pronunciation

Noun

tuma (Jawi spelling توما, plural tuma-tuma, informal 1st possessive tumaku, 2nd possessive tumamu, 3rd possessive tumanya)

  1. mite

Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • bertuma [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Descendants
  • Indonesian: tuma

Further reading

Niuean

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *tuma (“louse”).

Noun

tuma

  1. body louse, Pediculus humanus
    Hypernym: kutu
    Kua kai he tuma haana a tefutefu mata
    His eyebrow is infested with lice.

References
  • “tuma” in Tohi Vagahau Niuē (Niuean Language Dictionary).

Old Javanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah.

Noun

tuma

  1. head louse

Descendants

Rwanda-Rundi

Verb

-túma (infinitive gutúma, perfective -túmye)

  1. to send

Sicilian

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from the same ancient root of tumeō (“I swell”), which could derive from *tum- (“to swell”) + *-eh₂ (“feminine ending”) (used for feminine result nouns from verbs). Compare Latin tumor, tumidus.

Semantically related to Italian toma, even though the suggested etymology from tomus does not fit the phonology of Sicilian. The other italic counterparts - Neapolitan tuma and Piedmontese tùma both meaning cheese - suggest that the italianized form expunged the local/regional tonic vowel to a more "refined" one, like the French tome.The italianization process in fact typically, at an onomastic level, shaped differently many Sicilian names (like Sicilian Carusu or Gulisanu).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtu.ma/ (Standard)
  • Hyphenation: tù‧ma

Noun

tuma

  1. A semi-hard Sicilian cheese
    1. (chiefly) a certain degree of maturing of Sicilian pecorino cheese
    2. (rare) a cheese
      Synonyms: furmaggiu, frumaju, tumazzu, primusali

Derived terms

Descendants

See also
  • cagghiu
  • ricotta
  • tummari
  • tumuri
  • tùmminu
  • vùḍḍiri

Sidamo
Tuma.

Etymology

Original meaning garlic, compare Hadiyya tuma (“garlic”). Ultimately from Arabic ثوم (ṯūm, “garlic”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtuma/

Noun

tuma m (plural tumma f)

  1. onion

References
  • Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 38

Swahili

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-tuma (infinitive kutuma)

  1. to send

Conjugation
Conjugation of -tuma
Positive present -natuma
Subjunctive -tume
Negative -tumi
Imperative singular tuma
Infinitives
Positive kutuma
Negative kutotuma
Imperatives
Singular tuma
Plural tumeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutuma
Positive past positive subject concord + -lituma
Negative past negative subject concord + -kutuma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natuma)
Singular Plural
1st person ninatuma/natuma tunatuma
2nd person unatuma mnatuma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatuma wanatuma
other classes positive subject concord + -natuma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tumi)
Singular Plural
1st person situmi hatutumi
2nd person hutumi hamtumi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatumi hawatumi
other classes negative subject concord + -tumi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatuma
Negative future negative subject concord + -tatuma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tume)
Singular Plural
1st person nitume tutume
2nd person utume mtume
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atume watume
other classes positive subject concord + -tume
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -situme
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetuma
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetuma
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalituma
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalituma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atuma)
Singular Plural
1st person natuma twatuma
2nd person watuma mwatuma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atuma watuma
m-mi(III/IV) watuma yatuma
ji-ma(V/VI) latuma yatuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatuma vyatuma
n(IX/X) yatuma zatuma
u(XI) watuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwatuma
pa(XVI) patuma
mu(XVIII) mwatuma
Perfect positive subject concord + -metuma
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshatuma
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatuma
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kituma
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipotuma
Consecutive katuma / positive subject concord + -katuma
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katume
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nituma -tutuma
2nd person -kutuma -watuma/-kutumeni/-watumeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtuma -watuma
m-mi(III/IV) -utuma -ituma
ji-ma(V/VI) -lituma -yatuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kituma -vituma
n(IX/X) -ituma -zituma
u(XI) -utuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kutuma
pa(XVI) -patuma
mu(XVIII) -mutuma
Reflexive -jituma
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tuma- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -tumaye -tumao
m-mi(III/IV) -tumao -tumayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -tumalo -tumayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tumacho -tumavyo
n(IX/X) -tumayo -tumazo
u(XI) -tumao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -tumako
pa(XVI) -tumapo
mu(XVIII) -tumamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tuma)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yetuma -otuma
m-mi(III/IV) -otuma -yotuma
ji-ma(V/VI) -lotuma -yotuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotuma -vyotuma
n(IX/X) -yotuma -zotuma
u(XI) -otuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kotuma
pa(XVI) -potuma
mu(XVIII) -motuma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms
  • Verbal derivations:
  • Nominal derivations:

Tagalog

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah, from Proto-Austronesian *CuməS. Compare Kavalan tumes, Cebuano tuma, Tetum katuma, tuma.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtuma/, [ˈtu.mɐ]
  • Hyphenation: tu‧ma

Noun

tuma (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜋ)

  1. tiny insect found on dirty clothes and fabrics (like a louse)
  2. pubic louse
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