tosa

See also: tosâ and ťösă

English

Etymology

From Japanese 土佐 (Tosa), according to the former Tosa province on the island of Shikoku where the dog was originally bred.

Noun

tosa (plural tosas)

  1. A Japanese breed of fighting dog

Synonyms
  • tosa inu (lit. "Tosa dog")

Translations

Anagrams

Amis
Amis cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : tosa
    Ordinal : sakatatosa

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

Numeral

tosa

  1. two

Catalan

Etymology

Nominalization of the feminine past participle of tondre.

Pronunciation

Noun

tosa f (plural toses)

  1. shearing
    La tosa de les ovelles generava una gran quantitat de llana.
    The shearing of the sheep generates a large quantity of wool.
  2. the time of sheepshearing, a traditional occasion for celebration

Synonyms

Further reading

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Noun

tosa

  1. mole.

Faroese

Etymology

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk tosa (“rustle, whisper, talk slowly and singingly with low voice”) and tusa (“rustle, whisper”)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [tʰɔːsa] [1]

Verb

tosa (third person singular past indicative tosaði, supine tosað)

  1. to talk, to speak
    Tosa tygum enskt? ― Do you speak English?

Conjugation
Conjugation of tosa (group v-30)
infinitive tosa
supine tosað
participle (a6)1 tosandi tosaður
present past
first singular tosi tosaði
second singular tosar tosaði
third singular tosar tosaði
plural tosa tosaðu
imperative
singular tosa!
plural tosið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

See also

References
  1. Árnason, Kristján (2011) The Phonology of Icelandic and Faroese (The Phonology of the World's Languages), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 116

Further reading

"tosa" at Sprotin.fo

Finnish

Etymology

< Japanese 土佐 (Tosa), see the English etymology section above

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtosɑ/, [ˈt̪o̞s̠ɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -osɑ
  • Syllabification(key): to‧sa

Noun

tosa

  1. tosa (Japanese breed of fighting dog)

Declension
Inflection of tosa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative tosa tosat
genitive tosan tosien
partitive tosaa tosia
illative tosaan tosiin
singular plural
nominative tosa tosat
accusative nom. tosa tosat
gen. tosan
genitive tosan tosien
tosainrare
partitive tosaa tosia
inessive tosassa tosissa
elative tosasta tosista
illative tosaan tosiin
adessive tosalla tosilla
ablative tosalta tosilta
allative tosalle tosille
essive tosana tosina
translative tosaksi tosiksi
abessive tosatta tositta
instructive — tosin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of tosa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tosani tosani
accusative nom. tosani tosani
gen. tosani
genitive tosani tosieni
tosainirare
partitive tosaani tosiani
inessive tosassani tosissani
elative tosastani tosistani
illative tosaani tosiini
adessive tosallani tosillani
ablative tosaltani tosiltani
allative tosalleni tosilleni
essive tosanani tosinani
translative tosakseni tosikseni
abessive tosattani tosittani
instructive — —
comitative — tosineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tosasi tosasi
accusative nom. tosasi tosasi
gen. tosasi
genitive tosasi tosiesi
tosaisirare
partitive tosaasi tosiasi
inessive tosassasi tosissasi
elative tosastasi tosistasi
illative tosaasi tosiisi
adessive tosallasi tosillasi
ablative tosaltasi tosiltasi
allative tosallesi tosillesi
essive tosanasi tosinasi
translative tosaksesi tosiksesi
abessive tosattasi tosittasi
instructive — —
comitative — tosinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tosamme tosamme
accusative nom. tosamme tosamme
gen. tosamme
genitive tosamme tosiemme
tosaimmerare
partitive tosaamme tosiamme
inessive tosassamme tosissamme
elative tosastamme tosistamme
illative tosaamme tosiimme
adessive tosallamme tosillamme
ablative tosaltamme tosiltamme
allative tosallemme tosillemme
essive tosanamme tosinamme
translative tosaksemme tosiksemme
abessive tosattamme tosittamme
instructive — —
comitative — tosinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tosanne tosanne
accusative nom. tosanne tosanne
gen. tosanne
genitive tosanne tosienne
tosainnerare
partitive tosaanne tosianne
inessive tosassanne tosissanne
elative tosastanne tosistanne
illative tosaanne tosiinne
adessive tosallanne tosillanne
ablative tosaltanne tosiltanne
allative tosallenne tosillenne
essive tosananne tosinanne
translative tosaksenne tosiksenne
abessive tosattanne tosittanne
instructive — —
comitative — tosinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative tosansa tosansa
accusative nom. tosansa tosansa
gen. tosansa
genitive tosansa tosiensa
tosainsarare
partitive tosaansa tosiaan
tosiansa
inessive tosassaan
tosassansa		 tosissaan
tosissansa
elative tosastaan
tosastansa		 tosistaan
tosistansa
illative tosaansa tosiinsa
adessive tosallaan
tosallansa		 tosillaan
tosillansa
ablative tosaltaan
tosaltansa		 tosiltaan
tosiltansa
allative tosalleen
tosallensa		 tosilleen
tosillensa
essive tosanaan
tosanansa		 tosinaan
tosinansa
translative tosakseen
tosaksensa		 tosikseen
tosiksensa
abessive tosattaan
tosattansa		 tosittaan
tosittansa
instructive — —
comitative — tosineen
tosinensa

Synonyms
  • tosa inu

Anagrams

Icelandic

Verb

tosa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tosaði, supine tosað)

  1. to pull
    Synonym: toga

Conjugation
tosa — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að tosa
supine
(sagnbót)		 tosað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 tosandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég tosa við tosum present
(nútíð)		 ég tosi við tosum
þú tosar þið tosið þú tosir þið tosið
hann, hún, það tosar þeir, þær, þau tosa hann, hún, það tosi þeir, þær, þau tosi
past
(þátíð)		 ég tosaði við tosuðum past
(þátíð)		 ég tosaði við tosuðum
þú tosaðir þið tosuðuð þú tosaðir þið tosuðuð
hann, hún, það tosaði þeir, þær, þau tosuðu hann, hún, það tosaði þeir, þær, þau tosuðu
imperative
(boðháttur)		 tosa (þú) tosið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
tosaðu tosiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
tosast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að tosast
supine
(sagnbót)		 tosast
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 tosandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég tosast við tosumst present
(nútíð)		 ég tosist við tosumst
þú tosast þið tosist þú tosist þið tosist
hann, hún, það tosast þeir, þær, þau tosast hann, hún, það tosist þeir, þær, þau tosist
past
(þátíð)		 ég tosaðist við tosuðumst past
(þátíð)		 ég tosaðist við tosuðumst
þú tosaðist þið tosuðust þú tosaðist þið tosuðust
hann, hún, það tosaðist þeir, þær, þau tosuðust hann, hún, það tosaðist þeir, þær, þau tosuðust
imperative
(boðháttur)		 tosast (þú) tosist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
tosastu tosisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
tosaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)		 singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 tosaður tosuð tosað tosaðir tosaðar tosuð
accusative
(þolfall)		 tosaðan tosaða tosað tosaða tosaðar tosuð
dative
(þágufall)		 tosuðum tosaðri tosuðu tosuðum tosuðum tosuðum
genitive
(eignarfall)		 tosaðs tosaðrar tosaðs tosaðra tosaðra tosaðra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 tosaði tosaða tosaða tosuðu tosuðu tosuðu
accusative
(þolfall)		 tosaða tosuðu tosaða tosuðu tosuðu tosuðu
dative
(þágufall)		 tosaða tosuðu tosaða tosuðu tosuðu tosuðu
genitive
(eignarfall)		 tosaða tosuðu tosaða tosuðu tosuðu tosuðu

Further reading

Italian

Verb

tosa

  1. inflection of tosare:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtuza/

Noun

tosa f (oblique plural tosas, nominative singular tosa, nominative plural tosas)

  1. young woman, girl
    • c. 1130, Marcabru, pastorela:
      «Toza, fi·m eu, res faitissa, / Dol ai gran del ven que·us fissa.»
      ‘Girl,’ I said, ‘beautiful thing, I have great concern about the wind which is biting you.’

Pali

Alternative forms
Alternative forms
  • 𑀢𑁄𑀲 (Brahmi script)
  • तोस (Devanagari script)
  • তোস (Bengali script)
  • තොස (Sinhalese script)
  • တောသ or တေႃသ (Burmese script)
  • โตส or โตสะ (Thai script)
  • ᨲᩮᩣᩈ (Tai Tham script)
  • ໂຕສ or ໂຕສະ (Lao script)
  • តោស (Khmer script)
  • 𑄖𑄮𑄥 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit तोष (toṣa).

Noun

tosa m

  1. joy, satisfaction

Declension
Declension table of "tosa" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)tosotosā
Accusative (second)tosaṃtose
Instrumental (third)tosenatosehi or tosebhi
Dative (fourth)tosassa or tosāya or tosatthaṃtosānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)tosasmā or tosamhā or tosātosehi or tosebhi
Genitive (sixth)tosassatosānaṃ
Locative (seventh)tosasmiṃ or tosamhi or tosetosesu
Vocative (calling)tosatosā

Further reading
  • Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “tosa”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tōṣa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Portuguese

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.zɐ/

  • Hyphenation: to‧sa

Noun

tosa f (plural tosas)

  1. the act of cutting or trimming a pet's hair, such as in pet grooming

Verb

tosa

  1. inflection of tosar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Spanish

Verb

tosa

  1. inflection of toser:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-tosa (infinitive kutosa)

  1. to immerse
  2. to dip, to plunge into

Conjugation
Conjugation of -tosa
Positive present -natosa
Subjunctive -tose
Negative -tosi
Imperative singular tosa
Infinitives
Positive kutosa
Negative kutotosa
Imperatives
Singular tosa
Plural toseni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutosa
Positive past positive subject concord + -litosa
Negative past negative subject concord + -kutosa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natosa)
Singular Plural
1st person ninatosa/natosa tunatosa
2nd person unatosa mnatosa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatosa wanatosa
other classes positive subject concord + -natosa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tosi)
Singular Plural
1st person sitosi hatutosi
2nd person hutosi hamtosi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatosi hawatosi
other classes negative subject concord + -tosi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatosa
Negative future negative subject concord + -tatosa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tose)
Singular Plural
1st person nitose tutose
2nd person utose mtose
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atose watose
other classes positive subject concord + -tose
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitose
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetosa
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetosa
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitosa
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitosa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atosa)
Singular Plural
1st person natosa twatosa
2nd person watosa mwatosa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atosa watosa
m-mi(III/IV) watosa yatosa
ji-ma(V/VI) latosa yatosa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatosa vyatosa
n(IX/X) yatosa zatosa
u(XI) watosa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwatosa
pa(XVI) patosa
mu(XVIII) mwatosa
Perfect positive subject concord + -metosa
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshatosa
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatosa
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kitosa
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipotosa
Consecutive katosa / positive subject concord + -katosa
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katose
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nitosa -tutosa
2nd person -kutosa -watosa/-kutoseni/-watoseni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtosa -watosa
m-mi(III/IV) -utosa -itosa
ji-ma(V/VI) -litosa -yatosa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitosa -vitosa
n(IX/X) -itosa -zitosa
u(XI) -utosa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kutosa
pa(XVI) -patosa
mu(XVIII) -mutosa
Reflexive -jitosa
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tosa- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -tosaye -tosao
m-mi(III/IV) -tosao -tosayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -tosalo -tosayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tosacho -tosavyo
n(IX/X) -tosayo -tosazo
u(XI) -tosao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -tosako
pa(XVI) -tosapo
mu(XVIII) -tosamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tosa)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yetosa -otosa
m-mi(III/IV) -otosa -yotosa
ji-ma(V/VI) -lotosa -yotosa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotosa -vyotosa
n(IX/X) -yotosa -zotosa
u(XI) -otosa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kotosa
pa(XVI) -potosa
mu(XVIII) -motosa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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