torculum

Latin

Etymology

From torqueō (“twist”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtor.ku.lum/, [ˈt̪ɔrkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtor.ku.lum/, [ˈt̪ɔrkulum]

Noun

torculum n (genitive torculī); second declension

a wine or olive oil press

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	torculum	torcula
Genitive	torculī	torculōrum
Dative	torculō	torculīs
Accusative	torculum	torcula
Ablative	torculō	torculīs
Vocative	torculum	torcula

Derived terms

torculō

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: torchio
North Italian:
- Friulian: turchi
- Lombard: torcc
- Piedmontese: torcc
- Romansch: torchel
- Venetian: tòrcoło, tòrcol
Vulgar Latin: *troculum
- Catalan: trull
  - → Spanish: trullo
- Old French: truil, troil, treil, treuil
  - French: treuil
  - → Sicilian: trugghiu
- Occitan: truèlh, truòlh
- >? Galician: trollo, trullo (etymology 2)
Borrowings:
- → Albanian: tork
- → Catalan: tòrcul
- → Old High German: torcula
  - German: Torkel
- → Italian: torcolo (archaic)
- → Portuguese: tórculo
- → Spanish: tórculo

References

Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “estrujar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 815
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “tŏrcŭlum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 43

Further reading

“torculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
torculum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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