springa
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse springa, from Proto-Germanic *springaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sprenǵʰ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈspriŋka/
- Rhymes: -iŋka
Verb
springa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative sprakk, third-person plural past indicative sprungu, supine sprungið)
Conjugation
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að springa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
sprungið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
springandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég spring | við springum | present (nútíð) |
ég springi | við springum |
þú springur | þið springið | þú springir | þið springið | ||
hann, hún, það springur | þeir, þær, þau springa | hann, hún, það springi | þeir, þær, þau springi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég sprakk | við sprungum | past (þátíð) |
ég spryngi | við spryngjum |
þú sprakkst | þið sprunguð | þú spryngir | þið spryngjuð | ||
hann, hún, það sprakk | þeir, þær, þau sprungu | hann, hún, það spryngi | þeir, þær, þau spryngju | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
spring (þú) | springið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
springdu | springiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að springast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
sprungist | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
springandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég springst | við springumst | present (nútíð) |
ég springist | við springumst |
þú springst | þið springist | þú springist | þið springist | ||
hann, hún, það springst | þeir, þær, þau springast | hann, hún, það springist | þeir, þær, þau springist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég sprakkst | við sprungumst | past (þátíð) |
ég spryngist | við spryngjumst |
þú sprakkst | þið sprungust | þú spryngist | þið spryngjust | ||
hann, hún, það sprakkst | þeir, þær, þau sprungust | hann, hún, það spryngist | þeir, þær, þau spryngjust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
springst (þú) | springist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
springstu | springisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
sprunginn | sprungin | sprungið | sprungnir | sprungnar | sprungin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
sprunginn | sprungna | sprungið | sprungna | sprungnar | sprungin | |
dative (þágufall) |
sprungnum | sprunginni | sprungnu | sprungnum | sprungnum | sprungnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
sprungins | sprunginnar | sprungins | sprunginna | sprunginna | sprunginna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
sprungni | sprungna | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
sprungna | sprungnu | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
sprungna | sprungnu | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
sprungna | sprungnu | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu |
Related terms
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
- springe (e-infinitive)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²sprɪŋːɑ/
Verb
springa (present tense spring, past tense sprang, past participle sprunge, passive infinitive springast, present participle springande, imperative spring)
Derived terms
References
- “springa” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse springa, from Proto-Germanic *springaną.
Conjugation
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | springa | — | |||
participle | springandi, springande | sprungin | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | springer | springi, springe | — | sprak | sprungi, sprunge |
þū | springer | springi, springe | *sprik | sprakt | sprungi, sprunge |
han | springer | springi, springe | — | sprak | sprungi, sprunge |
vīr | springum, springom | springum, springom | springum, springom | sprungum, sprungom | sprungum, sprungom |
īr | springin | springin | springin | sprungin | sprungin |
þēr | springa | springin | — | sprungu, sprungo | sprungin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | — | — | — | — | — |
þū | — | — | — | — | — |
han | — | — | — | — | — |
vīr | — | — | — | — | — |
īr | — | — | — | — | — |
þēr | — | — | — | — | — |
Swedish
Alternative forms
- (Obsolete typography) ſpringa
Pronunciation
audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish springa, from Old Norse springa, from Proto-Germanic *springaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sprenǵʰ-.
Conjugation
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | springa | springas | ||
Supine | sprungit | sprungits | ||
Imperative | spring | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | springen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | springer | sprang | springs, springes | sprangs |
Ind. plural1 | springa | sprungo | springas | sprungos |
Subjunctive2 | springe | sprunge | springes | sprunges |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | springande | |||
Past participle | sprungen | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
See also
- hoppa (“jump; leap; skip”)
- jogga (“jog”)
- löpa (“run; stretch”)
- språngmarsch (“double-quick; jog; run”)
Etymology 2
From Old Swedish springa, ultimately from etymology 1 above, which also had the sense “to burst” (derived from “to jump”). Compare spränga (“to blow up, explode”), and further German Sprung (“crack”), zerspringen (“to crack, burst”).
Declension
Declension of springa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | springa | springan | springor | springorna |
Genitive | springas | springans | springors | springornas |
Further reading
- springa in Svensk ordbok.