peccatum

Latin

Etymology

From peccō (“offend, sin”).

Pronunciation

Noun

peccātum n (genitive peccātī); second declension

  1. sin, error, fault
    Synonyms: dēlictum, scelus, vitium, noxa, crīmen, culpa, error, dēlinquentia, facinus, malum, iniūria, maleficium
    Antonyms: bonum, rēctum, virtūs
    • Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 8:34:
      Omnis quī facit peccātum servus est peccātī.
      Everyone who does sin is a slave of sin.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative peccātum peccāta
Genitive peccātī peccātōrum
Dative peccātō peccātīs
Accusative peccātum peccāta
Ablative peccātō peccātīs
Vocative peccātum peccāta

Descendants
  • Aromanian: picat, mãcat
  • Asturian: pecáu
  • Basque: bekatu
  • Catalan: pecat
  • Old French: pechié
  • Friulian: pecjât, pečhât
  • Galician: pecado
  • Istro-Romanian: pecåt
  • Italian: peccato
  • Neapolitan: peccato
  • Occitan: pecat
  • Portuguese: pecado
    • Kadiwéu: pecaado
    • Sranan Tongo: pikadu
  • Romanian: păcat
  • Romansch: putgà, puchà, puccau
  • Sardinian: pecadu, pecau
  • Sicilian: piccatu
  • Spanish: pecado
  • Venetian: pecà
  • Albanian: mëkat
  • Proto-Berber:
    • Tashelhit: abukaḍ
    • Tuareg: abekkaḍ
  • Proto-Brythonic: *pexọd (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Irish: peccad (see there for further descendants)

References
  • “peccatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “peccatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • peccatum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • peccatum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
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