mwmian
Welsh
Alternative forms
- mwmial, mwmio
Etymology
From English mum (“to make an inarticulate sound with closed lips”) + -ian; the root is from Middle English mum (“silent”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmʊmjan/
Verb
mwmian (first-person singular present mwmiaf)
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | mwmiaf | mwmi | mwmia | mwmiwn | mwmiwch | mwmiant | mwmir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | mwmiwn | mwmit | mwmiai | mwmiem | mwmiech | mwmient | mwmid | |
| preterite | mwmiais | mwmiaist | mwmiodd | mwmiasom | mwmiasoch | mwmiasant | mwmiwyd | |
| pluperfect | mwmiaswn | mwmiasit | mwmiasai | mwmiasem | mwmiasech | mwmiasent | mwmiasid, mwmiesid | |
| present subjunctive | mwmiwyf | mwmiech | mwmio | mwmiom | mwmioch | mwmiont | mwmier | |
| imperative | — | mwmia | mwmied | mwmiwn | mwmiwch | mwmient | mwmier | |
| verbal noun | mwmian | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | mwmiedig mwmiadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | mwmia i, mwmiaf i | mwmi di | mwmith o/e/hi, mwmiff e/hi | mwmiwn ni | mwmiwch chi | mwmian nhw |
| conditional | mwmiwn i, mwmswn i | mwmiet ti, mwmset ti | mwmiai fo/fe/hi, mwmsai fo/fe/hi | mwmien ni, mwmsen ni | mwmiech chi, mwmsech chi | mwmien nhw, mwmsen nhw |
| preterite | mwmiais i, mwmies i | mwmiaist ti, mwmiest ti | mwmiodd o/e/hi | mwmion ni | mwmioch chi | mwmion nhw |
| imperative | — | mwmia | — | — | mwmiwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| mwmian | fwmian | unchanged | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “mwmian”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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