muna

See also: Appendix:Variations of "muna"

Bikol Central

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *um-unah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *unah.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmuʔna/, [ˈmuʔ.n̪a]
  • IPA(key): /muʔˈna/, [muʔˈn̪a]
  • Hyphenation: mu‧na

Particle

mûna or mùna (Basahan spelling ᜋᜓᜈ)

  1. Used to indicate something to be done for a moment

Elfdalian

Etymology

From Old Norse móna, from Proto-Germanic *mōmǭ. Cognate with Icelandic móna, Swedish muna.

Noun

muna f

  1. mother, mama

Declension

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stem=weak ''on''-stem
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Declension of muna
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative muna muną muner munur
accusative munu munų muner munur
dative munu munun(e) munum munum(e)
genitive munes * mununes — munumes
* Takes the ending -er after the preposition "et".

Ese

Noun

muna

  1. stone

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmunɑ/, [ˈmunɑ]
  • Hyphenation: mu‧na
  • Rhymes: -unɑ

Noun

muna (genitive muna, partitive muna)

  1. egg
  2. (vulgar, in the plural) balls, testicles

Declension
Declension of muna (ÕS type 17e/kivi, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative muna munad
accusative nom.
gen. muna
genitive munade
partitive muna mune
munasid
illative munna
munasse		 munadesse
munesse
inessive munas munades
munes
elative munast munadest
munest
allative munale munadele
munele
adessive munal munadel
munel
ablative munalt munadelt
munelt
translative munaks munadeks
muneks
terminative munani munadeni
essive munana munadena
abessive munata munadeta
comitative munaga munadega

Derived terms

References

Faroese

Etymology 1

From Old Norse muna, from Proto-Germanic *munaną.

Verb

muna (third person singular past indicative munaði, third person plural past indicative munaðu, supine munað)

  1. to keep in one's memory, remember
Conjugation
Conjugation of muna (group v-30)
infinitive muna
supine munað
participle (a6)1 munandi munaður
present past
first singular muni munaði
second singular munar munaði
third singular munar munaði
plural muna munaðu
imperative
singular muna!
plural munið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

muna (third person singular past indicative munti or munaði, third person plural past indicative muntu or munaðu, supine munað)

  1. to cause an obvious change or alteration
  2. to have an effect, make a difference, have an impact
  3. to have an influence on
  4. to be sufficient or enough
Conjugation
Conjugation of muna (group v-29)
infinitive muna
supine munað
participle (a5 (a39))1 munandi muntur
present past
first singular muni munti
second singular munar munti
third singular munar munti
plural muna muntu
imperative
singular muna!
plural munið!
1Only the past participle being declined.
Conjugation of muna (group v-30)
infinitive muna
supine munað
participle (a6)1 munandi munaður
present past
first singular muni munaði
second singular munar munaði
third singular munar munaði
plural muna munaðu
imperative
singular muna!
plural munið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Finnish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmunɑ/, [ˈmunɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -unɑ
  • Syllabification(key): mu‧na

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *muna (“egg; ? penis, testes”), from Proto-Uralic *muna (“egg; ? penis, testes”).

Noun

muna

  1. egg
    Hyponym: kananmuna (“chicken egg”)
    1. ovum, egg cell
      Synonym: munasolu
    2. ovoid (something egg-shaped, used especially in compound terms with a modifier that specifies the material)
      Synonym: ovoidi
  2. Meanings related to male genitalia:
    1. (vulgar) dick (penis)
      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:siitin
    2. (somewhat vulgar, in the plural) testicle(s), ball(s)
      Synonyms: see kives
    3. (colloquial) guts, balls (courage)
      Synonyms: kantti, pää
      Onko sulla munaa tehdä se?
      Do you have the balls to do it?
Declension
Inflection of muna (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative muna munat
genitive munan munien
partitive munaa munia
illative munaan muniin
singular plural
nominative muna munat
accusative nom. muna munat
gen. munan
genitive munan munien
munainrare
partitive munaa munia
inessive munassa munissa
elative munasta munista
illative munaan muniin
adessive munalla munilla
ablative munalta munilta
allative munalle munille
essive munana munina
translative munaksi muniksi
abessive munatta munitta
instructive — munin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of muna (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative munani munani
accusative nom. munani munani
gen. munani
genitive munani munieni
munainirare
partitive munaani muniani
inessive munassani munissani
elative munastani munistani
illative munaani muniini
adessive munallani munillani
ablative munaltani muniltani
allative munalleni munilleni
essive munanani muninani
translative munakseni munikseni
abessive munattani munittani
instructive — —
comitative — munineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative munasi munasi
accusative nom. munasi munasi
gen. munasi
genitive munasi muniesi
munaisirare
partitive munaasi muniasi
inessive munassasi munissasi
elative munastasi munistasi
illative munaasi muniisi
adessive munallasi munillasi
ablative munaltasi muniltasi
allative munallesi munillesi
essive munanasi muninasi
translative munaksesi muniksesi
abessive munattasi munittasi
instructive — —
comitative — muninesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative munamme munamme
accusative nom. munamme munamme
gen. munamme
genitive munamme muniemme
munaimmerare
partitive munaamme muniamme
inessive munassamme munissamme
elative munastamme munistamme
illative munaamme muniimme
adessive munallamme munillamme
ablative munaltamme muniltamme
allative munallemme munillemme
essive munanamme muninamme
translative munaksemme muniksemme
abessive munattamme munittamme
instructive — —
comitative — muninemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative munanne munanne
accusative nom. munanne munanne
gen. munanne
genitive munanne munienne
munainnerare
partitive munaanne munianne
inessive munassanne munissanne
elative munastanne munistanne
illative munaanne muniinne
adessive munallanne munillanne
ablative munaltanne muniltanne
allative munallenne munillenne
essive munananne muninanne
translative munaksenne muniksenne
abessive munattanne munittanne
instructive — —
comitative — muninenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative munansa munansa
accusative nom. munansa munansa
gen. munansa
genitive munansa muniensa
munainsarare
partitive munaansa muniaan
muniansa
inessive munassaan
munassansa		 munissaan
munissansa
elative munastaan
munastansa		 munistaan
munistansa
illative munaansa muniinsa
adessive munallaan
munallansa		 munillaan
munillansa
ablative munaltaan
munaltansa		 muniltaan
muniltansa
allative munalleen
munallensa		 munilleen
munillensa
essive munanaan
munanansa		 muninaan
muninansa
translative munakseen
munaksensa		 munikseen
muniksensa
abessive munattaan
munattansa		 munittaan
munittansa
instructive — —
comitative — munineen
muninensa
Derived terms
compounds

Further reading

Pronoun

muna

  1. (colloquial) essive of mä
    Synonym: minuna (standard language)

Anagrams

Gothic

Romanization

muna

  1. Romanization of 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌰

Icelandic

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmʏːna/
  • Rhymes: -ʏːna

Etymology 1

From Old Norse muna, from Proto-Germanic *munaną. Cognate with Faroese muna & English mind.

Verb

muna (preterite-present verb, third-person singular present indicative man, third-person singular past indicative mundi, supine munað)

  1. (transitive, with accusative) to remember
    Ég man ekki hvað hann heitir.
    I can’t remember what his name is.
    Ég man ekki.
    I can’t remember.
Conjugation
muna — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að muna
supine
(sagnbót)		 munað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 munandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég man við munum present
(nútíð)		 ég muni við munum
þú manst þið munið þú munir þið munið
hann, hún, það man þeir, þær, þau muna hann, hún, það muni þeir, þær, þau muni
past
(þátíð)		 ég mundi við mundum past
(þátíð)		 ég myndi við myndum
þú mundir þið munduð þú myndir þið mynduð
hann, hún, það mundi þeir, þær, þau mundu hann, hún, það myndi þeir, þær, þau myndu
imperative
(boðháttur)		 mun (þú) munið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
munðu muniði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Etymology 2

Related to munur (“difference”).

Verb

muna (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative munaði, supine munað)

  1. (impersonal, with dative) to differ (by a certain margin)
  2. (impersonal) to make a difference (used with the preposition um + the thing that makes a difference)
Conjugation
muna — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að muna
supine
(sagnbót)		 munað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 munandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég muna við munum present
(nútíð)		 ég muni við munum
þú munar þið munið þú munir þið munið
hann, hún, það munar þeir, þær, þau muna hann, hún, það muni þeir, þær, þau muni
past
(þátíð)		 ég munaði við munuðum past
(þátíð)		 ég munaði við munuðum
þú munaðir þið munuðuð þú munaðir þið munuðuð
hann, hún, það munaði þeir, þær, þau munuðu hann, hún, það munaði þeir, þær, þau munuðu
imperative
(boðháttur)		 muna (þú) munið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
munaðu muniði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
munast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að munast
supine
(sagnbót)		 munast
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 munandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég munast við munumst present
(nútíð)		 ég munist við munumst
þú munast þið munist þú munist þið munist
hann, hún, það munast þeir, þær, þau munast hann, hún, það munist þeir, þær, þau munist
past
(þátíð)		 ég munaðist við munuðumst past
(þátíð)		 ég munaðist við munuðumst
þú munaðist þið munuðust þú munaðist þið munuðust
hann, hún, það munaðist þeir, þær, þau munuðust hann, hún, það munaðist þeir, þær, þau munuðust
imperative
(boðháttur)		 munast (þú) munist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
munastu munisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
munaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)		 singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 munaður munuð munað munaðir munaðar munuð
accusative
(þolfall)		 munaðan munaða munað munaða munaðar munuð
dative
(þágufall)		 munuðum munaðri munuðu munuðum munuðum munuðum
genitive
(eignarfall)		 munaðs munaðrar munaðs munaðra munaðra munaðra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 munaði munaða munaða munuðu munuðu munuðu
accusative
(þolfall)		 munaða munuðu munaða munuðu munuðu munuðu
dative
(þágufall)		 munaða munuðu munaða munuðu munuðu munuðu
genitive
(eignarfall)		 munaða munuðu munaða munuðu munuðu munuðu

Ingrian
Muna (1).

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna. Cognates include Finnish muna and Estonian muna.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈmunɑ/, [ˈmunɑ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈmunɑ/, [ˈmunɑ]
  • Rhymes: -unɑ
  • Hyphenation: mu‧na

Noun

muna

  1. egg
  2. testicle
  3. bump, swelling
  4. Short for maamuna.
    • 1936, V. I. Junus, P. L. Maksimov, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 8:
      Kolhosaas kaivetaa munnaa.
      In the kolkhoz potatoes are harvested.
  5. Synonym of tuppu (“bun”)

Declension
Declension of muna (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative muna munat
genitive munan munniin
partitive munnaa munnia
illative munnaa munnii
inessive munas munis
elative munast munist
allative munalle munille
adessive munal munil
ablative munalt munilt
translative munaks muniks
essive munanna, munnaan muninna, munniin
exessive1) munant munint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

Derived terms

References
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 318
  • Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 73

Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmˠʊnˠə/

Conjunction

muna

  1. Alternative form of mura

Particle

muna (copular form used before consonants, form used before vowels munab)

  1. Alternative form of mura

Further reading
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “muna”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “muna” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Livonian

Alternative forms
  • munā (Courland)

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna.

Noun

muna

  1. egg

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna.

Noun

muna

  1. egg

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic مُونَة (mūna).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmuː.na/

Noun

muna f (plural mwejjen)

  1. food provision

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse munu.

Verb

muna (present tense mun, past tense munde, past participle munt, imperative mun)

  1. (archaic) to be feasible or possible

Derived terms

References

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *munaną (“to think, consider, remember”), from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to think”). Cognate with Old English ġemunan, Old Saxon munan, Old High German munan, Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌽 (munan).

Verb

muna (singular past indicative mundi, plural past indicative mundu, past participle munaðr)

  1. to remember
    • Vǫluspá, verse 2, lines 1-2, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 1:
      Ek man jötna / ár um borna, […]
      I remember giants / born long ago, […]

Conjugation
Conjugation of muna (preterite-present)
infinitive muna
present participle munandi
past participle munað
indicative present past
1st-person singular man munda
2nd-person singular mant mundir
3rd-person singular man mundi
1st-person plural munum mundum
2nd-person plural munuð munduð
3rd-person plural munu mundu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular muna mynda
2nd-person singular munir myndir
3rd-person singular muni myndi
1st-person plural munim myndim
2nd-person plural munið myndið
3rd-person plural muni myndi
imperative present
2nd-person singular mun
1st-person plural munum
2nd-person plural munuð

Descendants
  • Faroese: muna
  • Icelandic: muna

See also

References
  • “muna”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Portuguese

Verb

muna

  1. inflection of munir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Spanish

Verb

muna

  1. inflection of munir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *um-unah (“go first”). Equivalent to apheresis of um- +‎ una. Alternatively, possibly from ma- +‎ una.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmuna/, [ˈmu.nɐ]
  • Hyphenation: mu‧na

Adverb

muna (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜈ)

  1. for a while; for a moment; for the time being; a minute (when the nature of the anticipated change is not expressed)
    Puwede bang tumayo ka muna?
    Can you stand up for a while?
    Teka muna.
    Wait a minute.
  2. first (when the nature of the anticipated change is expressed or clearly implied)
    Bago siya mag-aral ng leksiyon, nagbabasa muna siya ng diyaryo.
    Before he studies his lessons, he reads newspapers first.
  3. yet (used after negative imperatives and hortatives)
    Huwag ka munang kumain.
    Don't eat yet.
    Huwag muna tayong umalis.
    Let's not leave yet.

See also

Verb

muna (complete nuna, progressive nununa, contemplative uuna, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜈ) (obsolete)

  1. Alternative form of umuna: to go first; to go ahead
    Muna ka na.
    You go ahead.

Further reading
  • “muna”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
  • Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2010–) “*unah § *um-unah”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
  • Schachter, Paul, Otanes, Fe T. (1972) A Tagalog Reference Grammar, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 424

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna.

Noun

muna

  1. egg

Inflection
Inflection of muna (inflection type 6/kuva)
nominative sing. muna
genitive sing. munan
partitive sing. munad
partitive plur. munid
singular plural
nominative muna munad
accusative munan munad
genitive munan muniden
partitive munad munid
essive-instructive munan munin
translative munaks munikš
inessive munas muniš
elative munaspäi munišpäi
illative munaha munihe
adessive munal munil
ablative munalpäi munilpäi
allative munale munile
abessive munata munita
comitative munanke munidenke
prolative munadme munidme
approximative I munanno munidenno
approximative II munannoks munidennoks
egressive munannopäi munidennopäi
terminative I munahasai munihesai
terminative II munalesai munilesai
terminative III munassai —
additive I munahapäi munihepäi
additive II munalepäi munilepäi

Derived terms

References
  • Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “яйцо”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Võro

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna.

Noun

muna (genitive muna, partitive munna)

  1. egg

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muna, from Proto-Uralic *muna.

Pronunciation
  • (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈmunɑ/, [ˈmunɑ]
  • Rhymes: -unɑ
  • Hyphenation: mu‧na

Noun

muna

  1. egg

Inflection
Declension of muna (type V/poikõ, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative muna munad
genitive muna munijõ, munii
partitive munna muniitõ, munii
illative munnasõ, munna muniisõ
inessive munaz muniiz
elative munassõ muniissõ
allative munalõ muniilõ
adessive munallõ muniillõ
ablative munaltõ muniiltõ
translative munassi muniissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

Derived terms

References
  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Ye'kwana
Variant orthographies
ALIV muna
Brazilian standard muna

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [muna]

Noun

muna

  1. the boto or Amazon River dolphin, Inia geoffrensis

References
  • Costa, Isabella Coutinho, Silva, Marcelo Costa da, Rodrigues, Edmilson Magalhães (2021) “muuna”, in Portal Japiim: Dicionário Ye'kwana‎, Museu do Índio/FUNAI
  • Alberto Rodriguez, Nalúa Rosa Silva Monterrey, Hernán Castellanos, et al., editors (2012), “muna”, in Ye’kwana-Sanema Nüchü’tammeküdü Medewadinña Tüwötö’se’totojo [Guidelines for the management of the Ye’kwana and Sanema territories in the Caura River basin in Venezuela]‎ (overall work in Ye'kwana and Spanish), Forest Peoples Programme, →ISBN, page 125
  • Lauer, Matthew Taylor (2005) Fertility in Amazonia: Indigenous Concepts of the Human Reproductive Process Among the Ye’kwana of Southern Venezuela‎, Santa Barbara: University of California, page 189
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