kuna

See also: Kuna, kúna, kùna, kuña, -kuna, kūnā, kuną, and kūną

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian kúna/ку́на.

Pronunciation
  • Rhymes: -uːnə

Noun

kuna (plural kunas or kune)

  1. The former (until 2023) currency of Croatia, divided into 100 lipa.

Translations

Anagrams

Baagandji

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Karnic *kuna, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. excrement, faeces, shit

References
  • Barry Alpher, Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004; edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Kochl published in Amsterdam and Philadelphia by the John Benjamins Publishing Company)

Chuukese

Verb

kuna

  1. to see

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech kuna, from Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkuna]

Noun

kuna f (related adjective kunový)

  1. marten
  2. kuna (former currency of Croatia)

Declension
Declension of kuna (hard feminine)
singular plural
nominative kuna kuny
genitive kuny kun
dative kuně kunám
accusative kunu kuny
vocative kuno kuny
locative kuně kunách
instrumental kunou kunami

Derived terms
adjectives

Further reading
  • kuna in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • kuna in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • kuna in Internetová jazyková příručka

Dieri

Etymology

From Proto-Karnic *kuna, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. excrement, faeces, shit

References
  • Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)

Esperanto

Etymology

From kun +‎ -a.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkuna]
  • Rhymes: -una
  • Hyphenation: kun‧a

Adjective

kuna (accusative singular kunan, plural kunaj, accusative plural kunajn)

  1. joint; combined

Estonian

Etymology

Originally essive singular form of Proto-Finnic *ku.

Conjunction

kuna

  1. because
    Ma ei lähe homme kooli, kuna ma pean linna minema.
    I won't go to school tomorrow, because I have to go to the city.
  2. as, when, at the same time as
    Ema tõusis hommikul varakult, kuna pere jäi veel magama.
    Mother rose early, as the family was still sleeping.

Synonyms

Adverb

kuna (not comparable)

  1. (interrogative, colloquial) when
    Kuna me rahad siis saame?
    When will we get our money then?

Synonyms

Finnish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkunɑ/, [ˈkunɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -unɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ku‧na

Pronoun

kuna

  1. (interrogative, archaic) essive singular of kuka
  2. (indefinite, archaic) essive singular of kuka

Etymology 2

From Serbo-Croatian kuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. kuna (former currency of Croatia)
Declension
Inflection of kuna (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative kuna kunat
genitive kunan kunien
partitive kunaa kunia
illative kunaan kuniin
singular plural
nominative kuna kunat
accusative nom. kuna kunat
gen. kunan
genitive kunan kunien
kunainrare
partitive kunaa kunia
inessive kunassa kunissa
elative kunasta kunista
illative kunaan kuniin
adessive kunalla kunilla
ablative kunalta kunilta
allative kunalle kunille
essive kunana kunina
translative kunaksi kuniksi
abessive kunatta kunitta
instructive — kunin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kuna (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kunani kunani
accusative nom. kunani kunani
gen. kunani
genitive kunani kunieni
kunainirare
partitive kunaani kuniani
inessive kunassani kunissani
elative kunastani kunistani
illative kunaani kuniini
adessive kunallani kunillani
ablative kunaltani kuniltani
allative kunalleni kunilleni
essive kunanani kuninani
translative kunakseni kunikseni
abessive kunattani kunittani
instructive — —
comitative — kunineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kunasi kunasi
accusative nom. kunasi kunasi
gen. kunasi
genitive kunasi kuniesi
kunaisirare
partitive kunaasi kuniasi
inessive kunassasi kunissasi
elative kunastasi kunistasi
illative kunaasi kuniisi
adessive kunallasi kunillasi
ablative kunaltasi kuniltasi
allative kunallesi kunillesi
essive kunanasi kuninasi
translative kunaksesi kuniksesi
abessive kunattasi kunittasi
instructive — —
comitative — kuninesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kunamme kunamme
accusative nom. kunamme kunamme
gen. kunamme
genitive kunamme kuniemme
kunaimmerare
partitive kunaamme kuniamme
inessive kunassamme kunissamme
elative kunastamme kunistamme
illative kunaamme kuniimme
adessive kunallamme kunillamme
ablative kunaltamme kuniltamme
allative kunallemme kunillemme
essive kunanamme kuninamme
translative kunaksemme kuniksemme
abessive kunattamme kunittamme
instructive — —
comitative — kuninemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kunanne kunanne
accusative nom. kunanne kunanne
gen. kunanne
genitive kunanne kunienne
kunainnerare
partitive kunaanne kunianne
inessive kunassanne kunissanne
elative kunastanne kunistanne
illative kunaanne kuniinne
adessive kunallanne kunillanne
ablative kunaltanne kuniltanne
allative kunallenne kunillenne
essive kunananne kuninanne
translative kunaksenne kuniksenne
abessive kunattanne kunittanne
instructive — —
comitative — kuninenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kunansa kunansa
accusative nom. kunansa kunansa
gen. kunansa
genitive kunansa kuniensa
kunainsarare
partitive kunaansa kuniaan
kuniansa
inessive kunassaan
kunassansa		 kunissaan
kunissansa
elative kunastaan
kunastansa		 kunistaan
kunistansa
illative kunaansa kuniinsa
adessive kunallaan
kunallansa		 kunillaan
kunillansa
ablative kunaltaan
kunaltansa		 kuniltaan
kuniltansa
allative kunalleen
kunallensa		 kunilleen
kunillensa
essive kunanaan
kunanansa		 kuninaan
kuninansa
translative kunakseen
kunaksensa		 kunikseen
kuniksensa
abessive kunattaan
kunattansa		 kunittaan
kunittansa
instructive — —
comitative — kunineen
kuninensa

Further reading

Anagrams

French

Etymology

From Serbo-Croatian kuna.

Noun

kuna m or f (plural kunas)

  1. kuna (former currency of Croatia)

Usage notes
  • Used as a masculine and a feminine noun interchangably

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *tuna, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuna, from Proto-Austronesian *tuNa.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈku.na/, [ˈku.nə]

Noun

kuna

  1. A variety of freshwater eel.

References
  • Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “kuna”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press

Indonesian

Etymology

From Javanese kuna (ꦏꦸꦤ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkuna/
  • Hyphenation: ku‧na

Adjective

kuna

  1. Alternative spelling of kuno (“ancient”)

Italian

Noun

kuna f (plural kune)

  1. kuna (former currency of Croatia)

Kituba

Adverb

kuna

  1. there

Verb

kuna

  1. to plant
  2. to sow

Lingala

Adverb

kuna

  1. there

References
  • “kuna” in Ekolongonelo ya Lingala: an introductory course, page 25

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkuna]

Noun

kuna f animal

  1. marten

Declension
Declension of kuna
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative kuna kunje kuny
Genitive kuny kunowu kunow
Dative kunje kunoma kunam
Accusative kunu kunje kuny
Instrumental kunu kunoma kunami
Locative kunje kunoma kunach

Further reading
  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “kuna”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “kuna”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Martuthunira

Etymology

From Proto-Ngayarda *kuna, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kuna/

Noun

kuna

  1. dung, poo, excrement, shit

References
  • Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)
  • Dench, Alan Charles. 1995. Martuthunira: A Language of the Pilbara Region of Western Australia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. Series C-125.

Masbatenyo

Noun

kuna

  1. crib; cradle

Ngiyambaa

Etymology

From Proto-Central New South Wales *gunaŋ, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. excrement, faeces, shit

References
  • Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Serbo-Croatian kúna, ку́на (“marten”).

Noun

kuna m (definite singular kunaen, indefinite plural kunaar or kunaer, definite plural kunaane or kunaene)

  1. (numismatics) kuna

References

Pitjantjatjara

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkʊnɐ]

Noun

kuna

  1. excrement, dung
  2. bowels

Derived terms

Pitta-Pitta

Etymology

From Proto-Karnic *kuna, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. dung, poo, excrement, shit

Verb

kuna

  1. (intransitive) to defecate

Derived terms
  • kunakirra

References
  • Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)

Polish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈku.na/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -una
  • Syllabification: ku‧na

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Noun

kuna f

  1. marten (any mustelid of the genus Martes)
  2. leather marten skin
  3. (historical) jougs (chained iron collar)
    Synonym: kunica
Derived terms
adjective
nouns

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian kuna, from Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Noun

kuna f

  1. (historical) kuna (former currency of Croatia)
Declension
Declension of kuna
singular plural
nominative kuna kuny
genitive kuny kun
dative kunie kunom
accusative kunę kuny
instrumental kuną kunami
locative kunie kunach
vocative kuno kuny

Further reading
  • kuna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • kuna in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Noun

kuna m or f (plural kunas)

  1. kuna (former currency of Croatia)

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms
  • kn (abbreviation, currency)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kǔːna/
  • Hyphenation: ku‧na

Noun

kúna f (Cyrillic spelling ку́на)

  1. marten
  2. kuna (former currency of Croatia, until 2023)

Declension
Declension of kuna
singular plural
nominative kuna kune
genitive kune kuna
dative kuni kunama
accusative kunu kune
vocative kuno kune
locative kuni kunama
instrumental kunom kunama

Further reading
  • “kuna” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkuna]

Noun

kuna f (genitive singular kuny, nominative plural kuny, genitive plural kún, declension pattern of žena)

  1. marten
  2. kuna (former currency of Croatia)

Declension
Declension of kuna
singular plural
nominative kuna kuny
genitive kuny kún
dative kune kunám
accusative kunu kuny
locative kune kunách
instrumental kunou kunami

Derived terms
adjective

Further reading
  • “kuna”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kùːna/

Noun

kúna f

  1. marten
  2. kuna (former currency of Croatia)

Inflection
The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, a-stem
nom. sing. kúna
gen. sing. kúne
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)		 kúna kúni kúne
genitive
(rodȋlnik)		 kúne kún kún
dative
(dajȃlnik)		 kúni kúnama kúnam
accusative
(tožȋlnik)		 kúno kúni kúne
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)		 kúni kúnah kúnah
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)		 kúno kúnama kúnami

Further reading
  • “kuna”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkuna/ [ˈku.na]
  • Rhymes: -una
  • Syllabification: ku‧na

Noun

kuna f (plural kunas)

  1. kuna

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-kuna (infinitive kukuna)

  1. to scrape, scratch
  2. to grate, shred

Conjugation
Conjugation of -kuna
Positive present -nakuna
Subjunctive -kune
Negative -kuni
Imperative singular kuna
Infinitives
Positive kukuna
Negative kutokuna
Imperatives
Singular kuna
Plural kuneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukuna
Positive past positive subject concord + -likuna
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukuna
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakuna)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakuna/nakuna tunakuna
2nd person unakuna mnakuna
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakuna wanakuna
other classes positive subject concord + -nakuna
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kuni)
Singular Plural
1st person sikuni hatukuni
2nd person hukuni hamkuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakuni hawakuni
other classes negative subject concord + -kuni
Positive future positive subject concord + -takuna
Negative future negative subject concord + -takuna
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kune)
Singular Plural
1st person nikune tukune
2nd person ukune mkune
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akune wakune
other classes positive subject concord + -kune
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikune
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekuna
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekuna
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikuna
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikuna
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akuna)
Singular Plural
1st person nakuna twakuna
2nd person wakuna mwakuna
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akuna wakuna
m-mi(III/IV) wakuna yakuna
ji-ma(V/VI) lakuna yakuna
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakuna vyakuna
n(IX/X) yakuna zakuna
u(XI) wakuna see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakuna
pa(XVI) pakuna
mu(XVIII) mwakuna
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekuna
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakuna
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakuna
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikuna
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokuna
Consecutive kakuna / positive subject concord + -kakuna
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakune
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikuna -tukuna
2nd person -kukuna -wakuna/-kukuneni/-wakuneni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkuna -wakuna
m-mi(III/IV) -ukuna -ikuna
ji-ma(V/VI) -likuna -yakuna
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikuna -vikuna
n(IX/X) -ikuna -zikuna
u(XI) -ukuna see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukuna
pa(XVI) -pakuna
mu(XVIII) -mukuna
Reflexive -jikuna
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kuna- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kunaye -kunao
m-mi(III/IV) -kunao -kunayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kunalo -kunayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kunacho -kunavyo
n(IX/X) -kunayo -kunazo
u(XI) -kunao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kunako
pa(XVI) -kunapo
mu(XVIII) -kunamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kuna)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekuna -okuna
m-mi(III/IV) -okuna -yokuna
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokuna -yokuna
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokuna -vyokuna
n(IX/X) -yokuna -zokuna
u(XI) -okuna see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokuna
pa(XVI) -pokuna
mu(XVIII) -mokuna
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Verb

kuna

  1. inflection of -wa na:
    1. ku class subject inflected present affirmative
    2. ku locative class subject inflected present affirmative
    3. (in a distant or indefinite location): there is/are

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kuna.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kuˈna]

Noun

kuna f

  1. marten

Declension
Declension of kuna
singular dual plural
nominative kuna kunje kuny
genitive kuny kunow kunow
dative kunje kunomaj kunam
accusative kunu kunje kuny
instrumental kunu kunomaj kunami
locative kunje kunomaj kunach
vocative kuna kunje kuny

Further reading
  • kuna in Hornjoserbsko-němski Słownik

Veps

Etymology

Akin to Karelian kunne.

Adverb

kuna

  1. to where, whither (interrogative)

Derived terms

References
  • Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “куда”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Warlpiri

Etymology

From Proto-Ngayarda *kuna , from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. excrement, dung

References
  • Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)

Yoruba

Etymology

From kù +‎ ọ̀nà (“path”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kù.nã̀/

Verb

kùnà

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to miss (the way or mark), to go in the wrong direction
    Synonym: ṣìnà
  2. (intransitive) to fail (in one's attempt)

Derived terms
  • ìkùnà (“failure, the act of missing”)
  • akùnà (“a failure”)
  • àìyege (“lack of success”)

Yukpa

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *tuna.

Noun

kuna

  1. water

References
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