jurar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin iūrāre.

Pronunciation

Verb

jurar (first-person singular present juro, first-person singular preterite jurí, past participle jurat)

  1. to swear, to promise
  2. to affirm
    Synonyms: afirmar, assegurar

Conjugation
    Conjugation of jurar (first conjugation)
infinitive jurar
gerund jurant
past participle masculine feminine
singular jurat jurada
plural jurats jurades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present juro jures jura jurem jureu juren
imperfect jurava juraves jurava juràvem juràveu juraven
future juraré juraràs jurarà jurarem jurareu juraran
preterite jurí jurares jurà juràrem juràreu juraren
conditional juraria juraries juraria juraríem juraríeu jurarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present juri juris juri jurem jureu jurin
imperfect jurés juressis jurés juréssim juréssiu juressin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — jura juri jurem jureu jurin
negative (no) — no juris no juri no jurem no jureu no jurin

References

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan jurar, from Latin jūrāre, iūrāre, present active infinitive of iūrō (“I swear”).

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)

Verb

jurar

  1. to promise; to swear

Conjugation
    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simple compound
infinitive jurar aver jurat
gerund jurant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle jurat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present juri juras jura juram juratz juran
imperfect juravi juravas jurava juràvem juràvetz juravan
preterite jurèri jurères jurèt jurèrem jurèretz jurèron
future jurarai juraràs jurarà jurarem juraretz juraràn
conditional jurariái jurariás jurariá jurariam jurariatz jurarián
conditional 2nd form1 jurèra jurèras jurèra jureram jureratz jurèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present jure jures jure jurem juretz juren
imperfect jurèssi jurèsses jurèsse jurèssem jurèssetz jurèsson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
jura jurem juratz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Auvernhàs
simple compound
infinitive jurar aver jurat
gerund jurant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle jurat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present jure jures jura juram juratz juron
imperfect jurave juraves jurava juraviam juraviatz juravon
preterite jurere jureres juret jurem juretz jureron
future jurarai juraràs jurará jurarem juraretz jurarán
conditional jurariá jurariás jurariá jurariam jurariatz jurarián
conditional 2nd form1 jurèra jurèras jurèra jureram jureratz jurèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present jure jures jure jurassiam jurassiatz juron
imperfect juresse juresses juresse juressiam juressiatz juresson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
jura jurassiam juratz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Gascon
simple compound
infinitive jurar aver jurat
gerund jurant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle jurat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present juri juras jura juram juratz juran
imperfect juravi juravas jurava juràvam juràvatz juravan
preterite jurèi jurès jurè jurèm jurètz jurèn
future jurarèi juraràs jurarà juraram juraratz juraràn
conditional jurarí jurarés juraré jurarem juraretz jurarén
conditional 2nd form1 jurèra jurèras jurèra jureram jureratz jurèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present juri jures jure jurem juretz juren
imperfect jurèssi jurèsses jurèsse jurèssem jurèssetz jurèssen
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
jura jurem juratz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Lemosin
simple compound
infinitive jurar aver jurat
gerund jurant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle jurat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present jure juras jura juram juratz juran
imperfect jurava juravas jurava juràvam juràvatz juravan
preterite jurei jureras juret jurèram jurèratz jureran
future jurarai juraràs jurará jurarem juraretz jurarán
conditional jurariá jurariàs jurariá jurariam jurariatz jurarián
conditional 2nd form1 jurèra jurèras jurèra jureram jureratz jurèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present jure jures jure jurem juretz juren
imperfect jurèsse jurèsses jurèsse jurèssem jurèssetz jurèssen
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
jura jurem juratz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Provençau
simple compound
infinitive jurar aver jurat
gerund jurant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle jurat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present jure jures jura juram juratz juran
imperfect juravi juravas jurava juràvem juràvetz juravan
preterite jurère jurères jurèt jureriam jureriatz jurèron
future jurarai juraràs jurarà jurarem juraretz juraràn
conditional jurariáu jurariás jurariá jurariam jurariatz jurarián
conditional 2nd form1 jurèra jurèras jurèra jureram jureratz jurèran
compound
tenses		 present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present jure jures jure jurem juretz juran
imperfect jurèsse jurèsses jurèsse juressiam juressiatz jurèsson
compound
tenses		 past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
jura jurem juratz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin jūrāre, iūrāre, present active infinitive of iūrō (“I swear”).

Verb

jurar

  1. to promise; to swear

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese jurar, from Latin jūrāre, iūrāre (“to swear”), from Proto-Italic *jowezāō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʒuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ʒuˈɾa(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʒuˈɾa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʒuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ʒuˈɾa(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʒuˈɾa(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʒuˈɾaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʒuˈɾa.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: ju‧rar

Verb

jurar (first-person singular present juro, first-person singular preterite jurei, past participle jurado)

  1. to swear (take an oath)
    Synonyms: afirmar, assegurar, asseverar, garantir, juramentar, prometer

Conjugation
    Conjugation of jurar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal jurar
Personal jurar jurares jurar jurarmos jurardes jurarem
Gerund
jurando
Past participle
Masculine jurado jurados
Feminine jurada juradas
Indicative
Present juro juras jura juramos jurais juram
Imperfect jurava juravas jurava jurávamos juráveis juravam
Preterite jurei juraste jurou juramos1, jurámos2 jurastes juraram
Pluperfect jurara juraras jurara juráramos juráreis juraram
Future jurarei jurarás jurará juraremos jurareis jurarão
Conditional juraria jurarias juraria juraríamos juraríeis jurariam
Subjunctive
Present jure jures jure juremos jureis jurem
Imperfect jurasse jurasses jurasse jurássemos jurásseis jurassem
Future jurar jurares jurar jurarmos jurardes jurarem
Imperative
Affirmative jura jure juremos jurai jurem
Negative (não) não jures não jure não juremos não jureis não jurem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin iūrāre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /xuˈɾaɾ/ [xuˈɾaɾ]
  • Audio (Venezuela):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: ju‧rar

Verb

jurar (first-person singular present juro, first-person singular preterite juré, past participle jurado)

  1. (transitive) to swear; to take an oath
    Ha jurado guardarlo secreto
    He has sworn to keep it secret
  2. (intransitive) to curse or swear

Conjugation
    Conjugation of jurar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive jurar
gerund jurando
past participle masculine feminine
singular jurado jurada
plural jurados juradas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present juro jurastú
jurásvos		 jura juramos juráis juran
imperfect juraba jurabas juraba jurábamos jurabais juraban
preterite juré juraste juró juramos jurasteis juraron
future juraré jurarás jurará juraremos juraréis jurarán
conditional juraría jurarías juraría juraríamos juraríais jurarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present jure jurestú
jurésvos2		 jure juremos juréis juren
imperfect
(ra)		 jurara juraras jurara juráramos jurarais juraran
imperfect
(se)		 jurase jurases jurase jurásemos juraseis jurasen
future1 jurare jurares jurare juráremos jurareis juraren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative juratú
jurávos		 jure juremos jurad juren
negative no jures no jure no juremos no juréis no juren

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of jurar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive jurar
dative jurarme jurarte jurarle, jurarse jurarnos juraros jurarles, jurarse
accusative jurarme jurarte jurarlo, jurarla, jurarse jurarnos juraros jurarlos, jurarlas, jurarse
with gerund jurando
dative jurándome jurándote jurándole, jurándose jurándonos jurándoos jurándoles, jurándose
accusative jurándome jurándote jurándolo, jurándola, jurándose jurándonos jurándoos jurándolos, jurándolas, jurándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative jura
dative júrame júrate júrale júranos not used júrales
accusative júrame júrate júralo, júrala júranos not used júralos, júralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative jurá
dative jurame jurate jurale juranos not used jurales
accusative jurame jurate juralo, jurala juranos not used juralos, juralas
with formal second-person singular imperative jure
dative júreme not used júrele, júrese júrenos not used júreles
accusative júreme not used júrelo, júrela, júrese júrenos not used júrelos, júrelas
with first-person plural imperative juremos
dative not used jurémoste jurémosle jurémonos jurémoos jurémosles
accusative not used jurémoste jurémoslo, jurémosla jurémonos jurémoos jurémoslos, jurémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative jurad
dative juradme not used juradle juradnos juraos juradles
accusative juradme not used juradlo, juradla juradnos juraos juradlos, juradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative juren
dative júrenme not used júrenle júrennos not used júrenles, júrense
accusative júrenme not used júrenlo, júrenla júrennos not used júrenlos, júrenlas, júrense

Derived terms

Further reading
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