hetman

See also: Hetman

English

Etymology

From Polish hetman, probably from Middle High German houbetman, heuptman (“commander”), from houbet, heupt (“head”), related to Latin caput (“head”), + Middle High German man (“man”). Compare modern German Hauptmann (“captain”), Haupt, Mann. The Polish e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.

Noun

hetman (plural hetmans or hetmen)

  1. (history) A Cossack headman or general.
  2. Title used by the second-highest military commander in Poland and Lithuania (15th to 18th century).

Translations

See also

References
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “гетьман”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

Anagrams

French

Noun

hetman m (plural hetmans)

  1. hetman

Further reading

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German houbetman, heuptman, from houbet, heupt. Compare German Hauptmann. The e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxɛt.man/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈxɛt.mɒn/
  • Audio 1(file)
  • Audio 2(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛtman
  • Syllabification: het‧man

Noun

hetman m animal

  1. (chess) queen (chess piece)
    Synonyms: dama, królowa, królówka

Declension
Declension of hetman
singular plural
nominative hetman hetmany
genitive hetmana hetmanów
dative hetmanowi hetmanom
accusative hetmana hetmany
instrumental hetmanem hetmanami
locative hetmanie hetmanach
vocative hetmanie hetmany

Noun

hetman m pers

  1. (historical, military) Cossack military commander
  2. (historical, military) title used by the senior military commanders in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (15th to 18th century)
  3. (Middle Polish, military) any sort of military leader

Declension
Declension of hetman
singular plural
nominative hetman hetmani/hetmany (deprecative)
genitive hetmana hetmanów
dative hetmanowi hetmanom
accusative hetmana hetmanów
instrumental hetmanem hetmanami
locative hetmanie hetmanach
vocative hetmanie hetmani

Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
  • hetman koszowy
  • hetman polny
  • hetman sahajdaczny
  • hetman wielki
  • hetmanic
  • hetmanowa
  • hetmanowicz
  • hetmanówna
  • hetmańczuk
  • hetmaństwo
  • hetmańszczyzna
verbs
  • hetmanić impf
  • zahetmanić pf

Descendants
  • → Belarusian: ге́тман (hjétman)
  • → Bulgarian: хе́тман (hétman)
  • → English: hetman
  • → French: hetman
  • → German: Hetman
  • → Portuguese: hétmã, hétmane
  • → Romanian: hatman
  • → Russian: ге́тман (gétman)
  • → Spanish: hetman

See also
Chess pieces in Polish · bierki szachowe (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
król hetman, królowa, królówka, dama wieża goniec, laufer, giermek skoczek, koń, konik pion, pionek

Further reading
  • hetman in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • hetman in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “hetman”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Tok Pisin

Etymology

Possibly English head + man.

Noun

hetman

  1. chief; leader
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