harus
Finnish
Etymology
Unknown. Originally only found in southwestern dialects (on islands in the Archipelago Sea). Akin to dialectal Estonian harus (found in dialects spoken on islands in the West Estonian archipelago). Possibly a borrowing in either direction or from a common third source.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑrus/, [ˈhɑ̝rus̠]
- Rhymes: -ɑrus
- Syllabification(key): ha‧rus
Noun
harus
Usage notes
| Dialectal distribution of harus (“guyline”) | |
|---|---|
|
  |
The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities. Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0) | |
Declension
| Inflection of harus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | harus | harukset | ||
| genitive | haruksen | harusten haruksien | ||
| partitive | harusta | haruksia | ||
| illative | harukseen | haruksiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | harus | harukset | ||
| accusative | nom. | harus | harukset | |
| gen. | haruksen | |||
| genitive | haruksen | harusten haruksien | ||
| partitive | harusta | haruksia | ||
| inessive | haruksessa | haruksissa | ||
| elative | haruksesta | haruksista | ||
| illative | harukseen | haruksiin | ||
| adessive | haruksella | haruksilla | ||
| ablative | harukselta | haruksilta | ||
| allative | harukselle | haruksille | ||
| essive | haruksena | haruksina | ||
| translative | harukseksi | haruksiksi | ||
| abessive | haruksetta | haruksitta | ||
| instructive | — | haruksin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of harus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms
- staagi (slang)
Further reading
- “harus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
Indonesian
Alternative forms
- haroes (pre-1947)
Etymology
From Malay harus, from Classical Malay harus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ha.rʊs/
Derived terms
- diharuskan
- keharusan
- mengharuskan
- seharusnya
Further reading
- “harus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -us
Synonyms
Descendants
- > Indonesian: harus (inherited)
Further reading
- “harus” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Javanese
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.