envenenar

Portuguese

Etymology

From en- +‎ veneno (“poison”) +‎ -ar. Compare Latin venenāre. Compare Italian avvelenare, Romanian învenina, Spanish envenenar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ve.neˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ve.neˈna(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ve.neˈna(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ve.neˈna(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.vɨ.nɨˈnaɾ/
    • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.bɨ.nɨˈnaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.vɨ.nɨˈna.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: en‧ve‧ne‧nar

Verb

envenenar (first-person singular present enveneno, first-person singular preterite envenenei, past participle envenenado)

  1. (transitive) to poison
  2. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to be poisoned; to take poison
  3. (figuratively) to spoil; to destroy
  4. (colloquial) to soup up (a car)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of envenenar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal envenenar
Personal envenenar envenenares envenenar envenenarmos envenenardes envenenarem
Gerund
envenenando
Past participle
Masculine envenenado envenenados
Feminine envenenada envenenadas
Indicative
Present enveneno envenenas envenena envenenamos envenenais envenenam
Imperfect envenenava envenenavas envenenava envenenávamos envenenáveis envenenavam
Preterite envenenei envenenaste envenenou envenenamos1, envenenámos2 envenenastes envenenaram
Pluperfect envenenara envenenaras envenenara envenenáramos envenenáreis envenenaram
Future envenenarei envenenarás envenenará envenenaremos envenenareis envenenarão
Conditional envenenaria envenenarias envenenaria envenenaríamos envenenaríeis envenenariam
Subjunctive
Present envenene envenenes envenene envenenemos enveneneis envenenem
Imperfect envenenasse envenenasses envenenasse envenenássemos envenenásseis envenenassem
Future envenenar envenenares envenenar envenenarmos envenenardes envenenarem
Imperative
Affirmative envenena envenene envenenemos envenenai envenenem
Negative (não) não envenenes não envenene não envenenemos não enveneneis não envenenem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:envenenar.

Synonyms

Spanish

Etymology

Probably from en- +‎ veneno. Compare Latin venenāre, present active infinitive of venenō. Compare Italian avvelenare, Portuguese envenenar, Romanian învenina.

Pronunciation
  • (General) IPA(key): /embeneˈnaɾ/ [ẽm.be.neˈnaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: en‧ve‧ne‧nar

Verb

envenenar (first-person singular present enveneno, first-person singular preterite envenené, past participle envenenado)

  1. to poison
    Synonym: emponzoñar
  2. to interpret maliciously
  3. to make bitter

Conjugation
    Conjugation of envenenar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive envenenar
gerund envenenando
past participle masculine feminine
singular envenenado envenenada
plural envenenados envenenadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present enveneno envenenastú
envenenásvos		 envenena envenenamos envenenáis envenenan
imperfect envenenaba envenenabas envenenaba envenenábamos envenenabais envenenaban
preterite envenené envenenaste envenenó envenenamos envenenasteis envenenaron
future envenenaré envenenarás envenenará envenenaremos envenenaréis envenenarán
conditional envenenaría envenenarías envenenaría envenenaríamos envenenaríais envenenarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present envenene envenenestú
envenenésvos2		 envenene envenenemos envenenéis envenenen
imperfect
(ra)		 envenenara envenenaras envenenara envenenáramos envenenarais envenenaran
imperfect
(se)		 envenenase envenenases envenenase envenenásemos envenenaseis envenenasen
future1 envenenare envenenares envenenare envenenáremos envenenareis envenenaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative envenenatú
envenenávos		 envenene envenenemos envenenad envenenen
negative no envenenes no envenene no envenenemos no envenenéis no envenenen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of envenenar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive envenenar
dative envenenarme envenenarte envenenarle, envenenarse envenenarnos envenenaros envenenarles, envenenarse
accusative envenenarme envenenarte envenenarlo, envenenarla, envenenarse envenenarnos envenenaros envenenarlos, envenenarlas, envenenarse
with gerund envenenando
dative envenenándome envenenándote envenenándole, envenenándose envenenándonos envenenándoos envenenándoles, envenenándose
accusative envenenándome envenenándote envenenándolo, envenenándola, envenenándose envenenándonos envenenándoos envenenándolos, envenenándolas, envenenándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative envenena
dative envenéname envenénate envenénale envenénanos not used envenénales
accusative envenéname envenénate envenénalo, envenénala envenénanos not used envenénalos, envenénalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative envenená
dative envenename envenenate envenenale envenenanos not used envenenales
accusative envenename envenenate envenenalo, envenenala envenenanos not used envenenalos, envenenalas
with formal second-person singular imperative envenene
dative envenéneme not used envenénele, envenénese envenénenos not used envenéneles
accusative envenéneme not used envenénelo, envenénela, envenénese envenénenos not used envenénelos, envenénelas
with first-person plural imperative envenenemos
dative not used envenenémoste envenenémosle envenenémonos envenenémoos envenenémosles
accusative not used envenenémoste envenenémoslo, envenenémosla envenenémonos envenenémoos envenenémoslos, envenenémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative envenenad
dative envenenadme not used envenenadle envenenadnos envenenaos envenenadles
accusative envenenadme not used envenenadlo, envenenadla envenenadnos envenenaos envenenadlos, envenenadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative envenenen
dative envenénenme not used envenénenle envenénennos not used envenénenles, envenénense
accusative envenénenme not used envenénenlo, envenénenla envenénennos not used envenénenlos, envenénenlas, envenénense

Further reading
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