coucher
See also: Coucher
English
Etymology
From Middle English coucher, from Anglo-Norman; equivalent to couch + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkaʊt͡ʃə(ɹ)/
- Rhymes: -aʊtʃə(ɹ)
Noun
coucher (plural couchers)
- One who couches.
- (papermaking) One who couches paper.
- (UK, law, obsolete) A factor or agent resident in a country for traffic.
- 1601, John Keymor, “Observation made upon the Dutch fishing”, in The Phenix:
- She [the Herring-Buss] imployeth […] at Land Viewers, Packers, […] Couchers to make the Herrings lawful Merchandizes.
- The book in which a corporation or other body registers its particular acts.
- 1559, Iniunctions geven by the Queenes Maiestie […] :
- bookes, and specially of Grayles, Couchers, Legends, Processionailes […]
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French coucher, from Old French couchier, from Latin collocāre (“set in place”). Doublet of colloquer.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ku.ʃe/
audio (file)
Verb
coucher
- (transitive) to lay, to lay down
- (transitive) to put to bed, to put up (a lodger)
- (reflexive) to go to bed
- (reflexive) to set (of celestial objects)
- Antonym: se lever
- Quand le Soleil se couche-t-il ce soir ? ― When does the sun set?
- Le Soleil se lève à l’est et se couche à l’ouest.
- The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
- Les deux cercles polaires sont les parallèles des régions polaires au-delà desquels il existe au moins une journée où le Soleil ne se lève pas en hiver, et ne se couche pas en été.
- The two polar circles are the parallels of the polar regions beyond which there is at least one day when the Sun does not rise in winter and does not set in summer.
- (transitive, agriculture) to lodge, to beat down (wheat)
- (transitive) to layer (branches)
- (transitive) to slant (writing)
- (transitive, military) to aim at
- (intransitive) to sleep
- 1785, Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, Les 120 journées de Sodome, ou l'École du libertinage:
- Le soir, Michette est livrée en cul. Durcet prend la Martaine pour coucher dans sa chambre, à l’exemple du duc qui a Duclos et de Curval qui a Fanchon; cette fille prend sur lui le même empire lubrique que Duclos sur le duc.
- In the evening, Michette's arse is offered up. Durcet takes Martaine to sleep in his room, following the example of the duke, who has Duclos, and Curval, who has Fanchon; that girl has the same prurient hold on him as Duclos has on the duke.
- (transitive with avec) to sleep with
- Refrain of the song Lady Marmalade by Patti LaBelle:
- Voulez-vous coucher avec moi ce soir ?
- Do you want to sleep with me tonight?
- Refrain of the song Lady Marmalade by Patti LaBelle:
- (intransitive) to spend the night
- (intransitive) to lodge
- (intransitive) to pack off to bed
Conjugation
Conjugation of coucher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | coucher | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | couchant /ku.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | couché /ku.ʃe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | couche /kuʃ/ |
couches /kuʃ/ |
couche /kuʃ/ |
couchons /ku.ʃɔ̃/ |
couchez /ku.ʃe/ |
couchent /kuʃ/ |
imperfect | couchais /ku.ʃɛ/ |
couchais /ku.ʃɛ/ |
couchait /ku.ʃɛ/ |
couchions /ku.ʃjɔ̃/ |
couchiez /ku.ʃje/ |
couchaient /ku.ʃɛ/ | |
past historic2 | couchai /ku.ʃe/ |
couchas /ku.ʃa/ |
coucha /ku.ʃa/ |
couchâmes /ku.ʃam/ |
couchâtes /ku.ʃat/ |
couchèrent /ku.ʃɛʁ/ | |
future | coucherai /kuʃ.ʁe/ |
coucheras /kuʃ.ʁa/ |
couchera /kuʃ.ʁa/ |
coucherons /kuʃ.ʁɔ̃/ |
coucherez /kuʃ.ʁe/ |
coucheront /kuʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | coucherais /kuʃ.ʁɛ/ |
coucherais /kuʃ.ʁɛ/ |
coucherait /kuʃ.ʁɛ/ |
coucherions /ku.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
coucheriez /ku.ʃə.ʁje/ |
coucheraient /kuʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | couche /kuʃ/ |
couches /kuʃ/ |
couche /kuʃ/ |
couchions /ku.ʃjɔ̃/ |
couchiez /ku.ʃje/ |
couchent /kuʃ/ |
imperfect2 | couchasse /ku.ʃas/ |
couchasses /ku.ʃas/ |
couchât /ku.ʃa/ |
couchassions /ku.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ |
couchassiez /ku.ʃa.sje/ |
couchassent /ku.ʃas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | couche /kuʃ/ |
— | couchons /ku.ʃɔ̃/ |
couchez /ku.ʃe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Synonyms
- (to go to bed) aller au lit, se pieuter
Derived terms
Noun
coucher m (plural couchers)
- going to bed
- bedding
- room and board
- setting (sun)
- coucher de soleil — sunset, sundown
Further reading
- “coucher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle English
Etymology
From Anglo-Norman; equivalent to couche + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkuːtʃər/, /ˈkuːtʃuːr/
Noun
coucher (plural couchers)
- A worker of inlaid gems and metals.
- A book containing prayers; a prayer-book.
- (rare) One who lies in bed (either due to necessity or laziness).
- (rare) A breed of dog.
Descendants
- English: coucher
- Scots: coocher
References
- “cǒuchǒur, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-20.
Middle French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old French couchier.
Verb
coucher
- (transitive) to put to bed
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of coucher
infinitive | simple | coucher | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | couchant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | couché | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | couche | couches | couche | couchons | couchez | couchent |
imperfect | couchois, couchoys | couchois, couchoys | couchoit, couchoyt | couchions, couchyons | couchiez, couchyez | couchoient, couchoyent | |
past historic | coucha | couchas | coucha | couchasmes | couchastes | coucherent | |
future | coucherai, coucheray | coucheras | couchera | coucherons | coucherez | coucheront | |
conditional | coucherois, coucheroys | coucherois, coucheroys | coucheroit, coucheroyt | coucherions, coucheryons | coucheriez, coucheryez | coucheroient, coucheroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | couche | couches | couche | couchons | couchez | couchent |
imperfect | couchasse | couchasses | couchast | couchassions | couchassiez | couchassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | couche | — | couchons | couchez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Descendants
- French: coucher
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