aler

See also: åler

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Batuley [Term?].

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈalɛr/

Noun

aler (first-person possessive alerku, second-person possessive alermu, third-person possessive alernya)

  1. blade
    Synonym: mata pisau

Further reading

Malay

Alternative forms

Verb

aler (1927 - 1972, used in the form mangaler)

  1. Obsolete spelling of alir

Noun

aler (1927 - 1972)

  1. Obsolete spelling of alir

Middle French

Verb

aler

  1. Alternative form of aller

Conjugation
  • Like Modern French aller, highly irregular.
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of aler
infinitive simple aler
compound estre + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple alant
compound present participle or gerund of estre + past participle
past participle alé
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present vays vas va alons alez vont
imperfect alois alois aloit alions aliez aloient
past historic alai alas ala alasmes alastes alerent
future iroye, yroie iras, yras ira, yra irons, yrons irez, yrez iront, yront
conditional irois, yrois irois, yrois iroit, yroit irions, yrions iriez, yriez iroient, yroient
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of estre + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of estre + past participle
past anterior past historic of estre + past participle
future perfect future of estre + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of estre + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present aille ailles aille alions aliez aillent
imperfect alasse alasses alast alassions alassiez alassent
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of estre + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — va — alons alez —
compound — simple imperative of estre + past participle — simple imperative of estre + past participle simple imperative of estre + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

A suppletive verb, with some parts of the paradigm derived from Latin vadō and eō. See modern French aller for more information, particularly on the origin of the all- forms, which come from Early Medieval Latin alāre (attested in the Reichenau glosses), perhaps from Gaulish or from an earlier *amlāre, alteration of ambulāre.

Verb

aler

  1. to go (move, change place)
    • c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
      Li borgeiz de la vile sont as portes alé
      The inhabitants of the town went to the ports

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb is highly irregular and it is suppletive. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of aler (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive aler estre alé
gerund en alant gerund of estre + past participle
present participle alant
past participle alé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present vois, vai vais, vas vait, va alons alez vont
imperfect aloie, aleie, aloe, aleve aloies, aleies, aloes, aleves aloit, aleit, alot, aleve aliiens, aliens aliiez, aliez aloient, aleient, aloent, alevent
preterite alai alas ala alames alastes alerent
future irai iras ira irons iroiz, ireiz, irez iront
conditional iroie, ireie iroies, ireies iroit, ireit iriiens, iriens iriiez, iriez iroient, ireient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of estre + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of estre + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of estre + past participle
future perfect future tense of estre + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of estre + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present voise, aille, alge, auge voises, ailles, alges, auges voise, voist, aille, aut, algeṭ, auge voisiens, voisons, alons, ailliens, aillons, algiens, aljons, augiens, aujons voisiez, alez, ailliez, algiez, algez, augiez, augez voisent, aillent, algent, augent
imperfect alasse alasses alast alissons, alissiens alissoiz, alissez, alissiez alassent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of estre + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— vas, va — alons alez —

Descendants
  • Middle French: aller
  • Norman: allaïr, aller, allaer
  • Walloon: aler

References
  • “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 150

Romanian

Interjection

aler

  1. Obsolete form of lerui.

References
  • aler in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French aler, a suppletive verb, with some parts of the paradigm derived from Latin vadō and eō. See modern French aller for more information, particularly on the origin of the al- forms, which may come from a Vulgar Latin alāre (8th century, Reichenau glosses), possibly from Gaulish or from an earlier *amlāre, alteration of ambulāre.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ale/

Verb

aler

  1. to go

Conjugation
   —         —   Conjugation of the verb aler in Walloon   —   Codjowaedje do viebe aler e walon
infinitive aler
gerund alant
auxiliary aveur
past participle masculine feminine
singular sitî sitou
plural sitîs sitous
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative dji (dj') ti (t') i (il) / ele dji (dj') / nos vos i (il)
present va vas va djans or alans alez vont or alèt
imperfect aléve aléves aléve aléns alîz alént
preterit ala alas ala alîs alîz alît
future irè irès irè irans iroz iront
conditional ireu ireus ireut iréns irîz irént
subjunctive ki dj' ki t' k' i (il) / k' ele ki dj' / ki nos ki vos k' i (il)
present våye våyes våye alanxhe aléxhe våynuxhe or alèxhe
present alaxhe alaxhes alaxhe alénxhe alîxhe alénxhe
imperative — ti — dji / nos vos —
affirmative va djans or alans alez
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