Rus

• Rus'
• Rūs (in the context of transliteration from Arabic)

Earlier form Russ from German Russe etc., from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). More recent use influenced by Russian Русь (Rusʹ), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Use with macron was probably influenced by the transliteration of Arabic رُوس (rūs).

Compare Russ, Russian, Russie, Russniak, Rusyn, Ruthenian.

Also compare Swedish Ryss, Dutch Rus, German Russe, French Russe, Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs), Russian Русь (Rusʹ), Belarusian Русь (Rusʹ), Ukrainian Русь (Rusʹ). Also compare Russian ру́сский (rússkij, “Ethnic Russian, of Rus”), россия́нин (rossijánin, “Russian national”), Росси́я (Rossíja, “Russia”).

See further Etymology of Rus and derivatives.

• IPA^(key): /ɹuːs/, /ɹʌs/
• Rhymes: -uːs, -ʌs

Rus (countable and uncountable, plural Rus)

1. A people made up of Scandinavian warrior merchants who travelled Eastern European river-roads from the eighth century, and whose settlements around Novgorod, Kiev and the Volga and Dnieper gave rise to the Rus' principalities. [from 19th c.]
   • 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 504:

     In 860 the Rus’ streamed southwards and laid siege to Constantinople itself.

2. Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state established by these same warrior merchants in the 9th century, whose capital was in Kiev.
3. Any of the medieval East Slavic principalities ruled by this class, especially Kievan Rus.
4. (poetic) The nation of Russia, especially in a transcendent or romantic sense referring to the history and culture of the country.

This neutral term is used more often instead of Russia or medieval Russia, acknowledging that the Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian people share the heritage of Rus.

With this innovation, it is sometimes unclear how to replace the adjective Russian in the same context. Alternatives include using the attributive noun, as in “the Rus princes”, or rewriting to use “of Rus”. The nonstandard adjective Rusian is seen very rarely.

• (Scandinavians in Eastern Europe): Varangians
• (Kievan Rus): Kievan Rus, Kievan Rus', Kyivan Rus, Kyivan Rus'
• (East Slavic principalities): Rus' principalities
• (Russia): Kiev, Kyiv

• Rusian, Rus'ian (rare)

• Belarus, Belarusian
• Little Russia, Little Russian
• Rusnak, Rusniak
• Russia, Russian
• Belarus, Belarusian, Bielorussia, Bielorussian
• Rusyn
• Ruthenia, Ruthene, Ruthenian

Rus (plural Rus)

1. A person from Rus.
   • 1959, Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, Kiev Rus, Foreign Languages Pub. House, p 244:

     And if a Rus hits a Greek, or a Greek a Rus with a sword, a spear or any other weapon, he shall pay five litres of silver for his offence, in accordance with Rus law; and if he be unable (insolvent—Author) his property shall be sold for the best price it fetches, including the very clothes . . .

   • 1959, Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich Solov’ev, History of Russia from the Earliest Times [2000], v 3 (The Shift Northward: Kievan Rus, 1154–1228), p 223:

     If a Varangian claimed money from a Rus, or a Rus from a Varangian, and the debtor refused to pay, the plaintiff, accompanied by twelve witnesses, . . .

   • 1973, Donald W. Treadgold, The West in Russia and China: Religious and Secular Thought in Modern Times, v 1 (Russia, 1472–1917), →ISBN, p xxxv:

     The Church of Kievan Rus knew men well-versed in Scripture and apparently other learning of the time, such as the Metropolitans Ioann II (d. 1089) and Klimetn Smoliatich (twelfth century). The former was Greek, and the latter a Rus.

• Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “Rus”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

• SRU, Sur., URs, sur-, urs, usr

Rus (plural Russe, diminutive Russie)

1. Russian (person from Russia or of Russian descent)

• Rusland
• Russies

From Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa.

• IPA^(key): /ʀuːs/

Rus f (plural Ruse, diminutive Rüsje or Riesche)

1. (most dialects) rose

• The diminutive Rüsje is Ripuarian; the form Riesche is Moselle Franconian.

• IPA^(key): [ˈrus]

Rus m anim (feminine Ruska)

1. Russian (person)

   Synonym: (colloquial) Rusák

Rus f

1. (literary) Russia

   mátuška Rus ― Mother Russia

2. (historical) Rus

   Kyjevská Rus ― Kievan Rus

• Rus in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• Rus in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʏs
• IPA^(key): /rʏs/

Rus m (plural Russen, diminutive Rusje n, feminine Russin)

1. Russian
2. (Bargoens) detective

From rusy or Rus ("Ruthenian" or "Russian").

• IPA^(key): /rus/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -us
• Syllabification: Rus

Rus m pers

1. a male surname

Rus f (indeclinable)

1. a female surname

From rus.

• Audio

  (file)

Rus m

1. A village in Dumbrăvița, Maramureș, Romania
2. A commune of Sălaj, Romania
3. A village in Rus, Sălaj, Romania

• IPA^(key): /rûs/

Rȕs m (Cyrillic spelling Ру̏с)

1. Russian (male person)

• IPA^(key): [rus]

Rus m anim (genitive singular Rusa, nominative plural Rusi, genitive plural Rusov, declension pattern of chlap)

1. Russian (person)

• Ruska
• Rusko
• ruský
• rusky
• ruština

• “Rus”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

• IPA^(key): /rúːs/

Rȗs m anim (female equivalent Rúsinja)

1. Russian (male person)

• Rúsija
• rúski
• rúščina

• “Rus”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “Rus”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Rus

1. A Russian person (nationality)