Chinaman

From Chinese Pidgin English. Calque of Chinese 中國人／中国人 (Zhōngguórén) ("China +‎ -man"). Applied also to ships by analogy with East Indiaman.

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃaɪnəmən/, /ˈt͡ʃaɪnəmɪn/

Chinaman (plural Chinamen)

1. (dated, now offensive) A Chinese person, or person of Chinese descent.

   Synonym: Chinaperson

   • 1870–1871 (date written), Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], Roughing It, Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company [et al.], published 1872, →OCLC:

     A disorderly Chinaman is rare, and a lazy one does not exist. So long as a Chinaman has strength to use his hands he needs no support from anybody; white men often complain of want of work, but a Chinaman offers no such complaint; he always manages to find something to do. […] Any white man can swear a Chinaman’s life away in the courts, but no Chinaman can testify against a white man.

   • 1906, Hubert D. Russell, editor, Complete Story of the San Francisco Horror, 1906, published 2003, page 251:

     Another favorite pastime of the Highbinder who is usually a loafer, is to levy blackmail on a wealthy Chinaman. […] If it were not that the Chinamen kill only men of their own race and let alone all other men, the citizens of San Francisco would have sacked and burned Chinatown.

   • 1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 147:

     On the flat behind the mill, dawn-rising Chinamen shogged with nimble bare feet under their yoke-linked watering-cans. These busy brethren, meeting sometimes on the same narrow track, would pause, ant-like, seemingly to dumbly regard one another and their burdens, then, still ant-like, pass silently to their work.

   • 1913, Sax Rohmer, chapter 25, in The Insidious Dr. Fu Manchu:

     "It is my fly-trap!" shrieked the Chinaman. "And I am the god of destruction!"

   • 1920 August 27, Katherine Mansfield [pseudonym; Kathleen Mansfield Murry], “The Wind Blows”, in Bliss and Other Stories, London: Constable & Company, published 1920, →OCLC, page 137:

     The carts rattle by, swinging from side to side; two Chinamen lollop along under their wooden yokes with the straining vegetable baskets—their pigtails and blue blouses fly out in the wind.

   • 1941, George Ade, Stories of the Streets and of the Town: From the Chicago Record 1893 - 1900, reprinted as 2003, Stories of Chicago, page 163,

     In Clark Street, where all the nations of the earth dwell together in harmony, one has but to go downstairs to find a Chinaman. And when found he is washing.

   • 1956, Allen Ginsberg, “America”, in Howl and Other Poems (Pocket Poets Series), City Lights Books, →OCLC, page 33:

     America it's them bad Russians.
     Them Russians them Russians and them Chinamen. And them Russians.

2. A sailing ship of the 18th and 19th centuries engaged in the Old China Trade
3. (US, slang, obsolete, offensive) Addiction from a narcotic, especially heroin. [from 20th c.]
   • 1952 November 5, William S. Burroughs, “To Allen Ginsberg”, in Oliver Harris, editor, The Letters of William S. Burroughs, 1945–1959, New York: Penguin, published 1993, →ISBN, page 140:

     Chinaman half in and half out of the door. Codeine and goof balls, and complete discouragement.

• For more on the usage of this term, see Wikipedia's article.

• (Chinese person): Chinawoman

• Chinawoman

• chainman