-talan

See also: talan and talán

Hungarian

Etymology

From the Proto-Uralic *-tt (privative suffix) + *-l (nominal suffix), then in the Ancient Hungarian era the -n (adverbial suffix) was added.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [tɒlɒn]
  • Hyphenation: ta‧lan
  • Rhymes: -ɒn

Suffix

-talan (comparative -talanabb, superlative leg- -talanabb)

  1. (adjective-forming suffix) -less, un-, dis- (a privative suffix added to a noun or an adjective to form adjectives with a meaning of lacking something)
    ‎hajlék (“home”) + ‎-talan → ‎hajléktalan (“homeless”)
    ‎boldog (“happy”) + ‎-talan → ‎boldogtalan (“unhappy”)
    ‎arány (“proportion”) + ‎-talan → ‎aránytalan (“disproportionate”)

Usage notes
  • (adjective-forming suffix) Variants:
    -talan is added to back-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives)
    -telen is added to front-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives)
    -tlan is added to back-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives) ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    -tlen is added to front-vowel nouns (occasionally adjectives) ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -atlan is added to back-vowel verbs and nouns (occasionally adjectives)
    -etlen is added to front-vowel verbs and nouns (occasionally adjectives)
  • Using two different suffix variants with the same stem may result in different meanings:
    gond (“care”) → gondtalan (“carefree”)
    gond (“care”) → gondatlan (“careless”)

Declension

Lua error: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value)

Derived terms
Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -talan

See also
  • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

References
  1. -talan in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
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