寿

寿 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手大木戈 (QKDI), four-corner 5034₀, composition ⿸⿻三丿寸(GTV or U+2F872) or ⿻⿻三丿寸(HJK))

• 俦, 诪, 帱, 㤽, 涛, 陦, 梼, 畴, 祷, 铸, 踌, 鋳, 䓓, 筹, 焘
• 𫝩, 𫝵, 𢭏, 𪺣, 𩙧, 𤽯, 𪿞, 𥺅, 𦀳, 𩾂, 𩗡, 𪫷, 𡀤
• 𭎜, 𭠸, 𬊍, 𮎍, 𬢪, 𮜶, 𫾳, 𬸍, 𫜷

• 壽 (Orthodox traditional form)

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 294, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7419
• Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 504, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5BFF
• Unihan data for U+2F872

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 壽)

1. longevity; long life
2. congratulations

• Go-on: じゅ (ju, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しゅう (shū)
• Kan’yō-on: す (su)
• Kun: ことぶき (kotobuki, 寿, Jōyō); ことぶく (kotobuku, 寿く); ことほぐ (kotohogu, 寿ぐ)
• Nanori: かず (kazu); じ (ji); じゅう (jū); すっ (su'); すみ (sumi); とし (toshi); としかつ (toshikatsu); なが (naga); のぶ (nobu); のり (nori); ひさ (hisa); ひさし (hisashi); やす (yasu); やすし (yasushi)

The shinjitai, or Japanese simplified form, of 壽／寿 (shòu). From Middle Chinese 壽／寿 (dzyuw^X, “longevity”).

• (Tokyo) じゅ​ [júꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝ]

寿(じゅ) • (ju) 

1. years of age

• 寿(じゅ)を上(たてまつ)る (ju o tatematsuru): to toast someone with a prayer for long life

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 寿く (kotobuku), itself an alteration of earlier root form kotohoku, a compound of 言 (koto, “words, speech”) +‎ 祝く (hoku, “to pray for a good outcome”, obsolete in modern Japanese).[2]

The meaning shifted over time from to say something in prayer for a good outcome to a more general to say something favorable in hope for or upon a felicitous or auspicious occasion. From there, the meaning expanded to include long life.

This long life meaning was apparently already in use when the kanji was first imported and applied to this word.

• (Tokyo) こと​ぶき [kòtóꜜbùkì] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞to̞bɯ̟ᵝkʲi]

寿(ことぶき) • (kotobuki) 

1. congratulations, felicitations
2. something worthy of congratulations
3. long life, longevity

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 寿ぐ (kotohogu), itself an alteration of earlier root form kotohoku, a compound of 言 (koto, “words, speech”) +‎ 祝く (hoku, “to pray for a good outcome”, obsolete in modern Japanese).[2]

• (Tokyo) ことほぎ​ [kòtóhógíꜜ] (Odaka – [4])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞to̞ho̞ɡʲi]

寿(ことほぎ) • (kotohogi) 

1. congratulations, felicitations
2. something worthy of congratulations
3. long life, longevity

The kotohogi reading does not appear to be as common as the kotobuki reading further above.

Used as ateji for various names.

寿(ひさし) • (Hisashi) 

1. a male given name

寿 (eum 수 (su))

1. Alternative form of 壽

• Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo).